Septal perforations can severely diminish quality of life. Where surgical closure is impossible, due to size, location or contraindications, septum obturators offer an alternative. Defect anatomy can be assessed two ways: analog via silicone impression, or digitally using preoperative CT scans. This study compares these two methods.Retrospective analysis of 500 patients with symptomatic septal perforations was carried out, including defect size and location, type of closure and closure rate in surgical closures. 19 patients qualified for comparison of defect size and shape determined by conventional impression with CT-based data. For high precision comparison, silicone impressions were converted into plaster models, then digitally scanned, and CT data was converted into 3D models.The analysis of the NSD in the 19 patients and the comparison of the results from analog silicone impressions and preoperative CT scans revealed deviations of less than 10% in 8 out of 19 cases and less than 20% in 13 out of 19 cases. The deviations tended to be smaller in cases of larger defects. Larger deviations were observed when there were longer time intervals between the impression and the CT scan.Measurements of NSD based on CT data yield similar results to those obtained from silicone impressions, particularly when the CT scans are performed in close temporal proximity and in cases of larger defects. Further clinical studies should investigate whether iSOs created from CT data result in comparable clinical patient acceptance.
Klinik für Mund-Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bethesda Mönchengladbach, Mönchengladbach, Germany.
Institut für Anaplastologie, Institut für Anaplastologie Velten & Hering OHG, Genthin, Germany.
Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Klinik, Rheinland Klinikum Neuss GmbH, Neuss, Germany.
Nasenseptumdefekte (NSD) können zu einer deutlichen Einschränkung der Lebensqualität führen. Ist der operative Verschluss aufgrund von Defektgröße, -lage oder individueller Kontraindikationen nicht möglich, stehen Septumobturatoren zur Verfügung. Die Erfassung der Defektkonfiguration kann analog per Silikonabdruck und digital anhand eines präoperativen CTs erfolgen. Ziel dieser Studie ist der Vergleich dieser beiden Methoden.Retrospektiv wurden 500 Patienten mit symptomatischen NSD analysiert. Erfasst wurden u.a. Größe und Lage des Defekts, Art des operativen Verschlusses und die Verschlussrate bei operativem Verschluss. Bei 19 Patienten war es möglich, die mit einem konventionellen Abdruck ermittelte Defektgröße und Form mit CT-basierten Daten zu vergleichen. Dazu wurde der Silikonabdruck in ein Gipsmodell überführt und in einem Modellscanner digitalisiert. Die CT-Daten wurden ebenfalls in ein 3D-Modell konvertiert und die Defektgröße ermittelt. Durch dieses Verfahren war ein Vergleich bis auf den hundertstel Millimeter möglich.Die Auswertung der NSD der 19 Patienten und der Vergleich der Ergebnisse von analogen Silikonabformungen und präoperativen CTs zeigten Abweichungen in 8 von 19 Fällen kleiner 10% und in 13 von 19 Fällen kleiner 20%, wobei die Abweichung bei größeren Defekten tendenziell geringer ausfiel. Größere Abweichungen lagen vor allem bei zeitlich längeren Abständen zwischen Abformung und CT vor.Die auf CT-Daten basierte Vermessung von NSD kommt vor allem bei zeitnah erfolgten CTs und größeren Defekten zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen wie die anhand von Silikonabdrücken erfolgten Messungen. Weitere klinische Studien sollten untersuchen, ob anhand von CT-Daten erstellte iSO zu einer ähnlichen klinischen Patientenakzeptanz führen.
[Conventional vs. CT Data-Based Three-Dimensional Measurement of Nasal Septum Defects].

Intergenerational programmes, involving activity-based interventions designed to promote mutually beneficial interactions between participants, have been used in Scotland and further afield as a means of generating social inclusion between different age groups. There is growing interest in the potential outcomes of intergenerational programmes for people living with dementia in particular, with policy in Scotland recognising that people living with dementia and their carers may be at greater risk of loneliness and social isolation. Given this interest, there is a need to explore what 'intergenerational best practice' may look like for people living with dementia. Using data from semi-structured interviews with thirteen stakeholders involved in intergenerational practice and/or dementia policymaking, this study explored the contextual factors, mechanisms, and outcomes of intergenerational programmes in the Scottish context. Stakeholders perceived the concerns of carers, perceptions of risk, along with inaccessible venues and transportation to be important contextual factors. Mechanisms that helped ensure programmes offered full and appropriate participation opportunities included ongoing, flexible programme planning; the provision of purpose and roles; and the use of older participants' preferences, lived experience, and personhood. Overall intergenerational programmes were perceived to have the potential to promote beneficial outcomes for older participants living with dementia in Scotland.
Queen Margaret University, Scotland.Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stirling, UK.
The context, mechanisms and outcomes of intergenerational programmes involving people living with dementia in scotland: A realist, qualitative study.

Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2025-02;242(2):97.

Sulfur-derived functional groups represent prevalent motifs in highly sought-after small molecules, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Thioethers are one such example, being commonly encountered in APIs, prodrugs, and as valuable synthetic linchpins to access an array of sulfur-derived functional groups. While nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) has traditionally been used to synthesize aryl thioethers, modern approaches leverage transition metals to catalyze thermal or photochemical cross-coupling. While studying photochemical thioetherification reactions, we uncovered a remarkably mild condition that does not require light, transition metals, or exogenous bases. An array of thiols and halogenated heterocycles were coupled to produce >70 diverse products. Reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) and computational studies support a unique mechanism termed proton transfer dual ionization (PTDI) SNAr. Finally, a predictive statistical model was constructed aided by high-throughput experimentation (HTE) to understand when the PTDI processes are successful, resulting in the completion of ten target-oriented syntheses. This transformation complements modern approaches to thioether synthesis and motivates additional research evaluating PTDI as a general activation mode between reaction partners.
AbbVie Process Research & Development, 1401 N. Sheridan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States.
Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
Development of a Thioetherification of Heteroarene Electrophiles with Broad Scope via a Proton Transfer Dual Ionization Mechanism.

High-volume breasts pose challenges for nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) due to their large size, indistinct tissue boundaries, and high degree of ptosis. Historically, NSM was not considered feasible for such cases, but advancements in surgical techniques have expanded eligibility criteria.We developed a surgical algorithm for patients with macromastia and ptosis undergoing NSM. We also outline techniques for preserving the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) based on the severity of macromastia and breast ptosis, especially when immediate mastopexy/reduction is required during mastectomy. The proposed algorithm provides a practical guide for surgeons managing these complex cases.By employing carefully selected approaches, it is possible to successfully preserve the NAC in high-volume breasts undergoing NSM. This broader eligibility criteria not only accommodates a more diverse patient population but also enhances their quality of life and improves aesthetic outcomes.Advancements in surgical techniques have made NSM a viable option for breast reconstruction in high-volume breasts. By addressing challenges and preserving the NAC through carefully selected approaches, surgeons can improve outcomes and quality of life for patients undergoing NSM.
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Department of Surgery, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, New Jersey.
Department of Surgery, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Optimal Strategies for the Management of Macromastia and Breast Ptosis for Patients Undergoing Nipple-sparing Mastectomy.

In recent decades, the incidence of male infertility has been increasing annually. In clinical practice, the question of whether to supplement folic acid is common among patients. Given the limited guidelines and research on the impact of folic acid on male infertility, this study aims to assess the effect of folic acid on male infertility using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.We conducted a two-sample bidirectional MR study using IEU database data for folate levels and supplementation. Male infertility genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium R8 dataset. To evaluate the causal relationship between folate, folate supplementation, and the risk of male infertility, we employed various MR methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and Maximum Likelihood. The analysis results were assessed using MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger, and leave-one-out analysis. Genes related to folate metabolism were sourced from the MSigDB database, and the Expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) information of related genes was obtained from the IEU database. Single nucleotide polymorphism data for other male infertility risk factors, such as diabetes and obesity, were also analyzed.According to the MR analysis, there is no causal relationship between serum folate levels and male infertility in the general population. However, reverse Mendelian analysis indicated that male infertility may promote elevated serum folate levels. Folate supplementation appears to act as a protective factor against male infertility, while reverse MR analysis shows no causal relationship between male infertility and folate supplementation. Furthermore, we identified SERPINE1 and LDLR as potential causal genes in the folate metabolism pathway related to male infertility. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia also showed causal relationships with these two genes.This study used MR to discover that folate supplementation is a protective factor against male infertility, and that SERPINE1 and LDLR may be influential genes in folate metabolism affecting male infertility.
Copyright © 2025 Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Department of Urology, Nanjing Gaochun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. szzhanghong126@126.com.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. fukai2704@suda.edu.cn.
Evaluating the Impact of Folate on Male Infertility Using Mendelian Randomization: A Comprehensive Analysis.

The gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer + (LGBTQ+) community is underserved, and their needs are often misunderstood and/or overlooked. We aimed to analyze the current literature regarding prostate cancer's (PCa) impact on the quality of life (QoL) of LGBTQ+ patients with a focus on sexuality, identity, and psychosocial support. In June 2024, we searched the following databases, PubMed, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov, for relevant data regarding sexuality, identity, and psychosocial support of LGBTQ+ suffering from PCa using the keywords Prostate Cancer AND Gay or Prostate Cancer AND LGBTQ+. In sum, there were only a few records on the subject with very few clinical trials. Major concerns of inadequate care included the impact on sexual intercourse, sexual identity and role, mental health, and psychological support. Two U.S. trials reported on the deep health-related quality of LGBTQ+ community members in dealing with PCa. These revealed significant sufferings and disparities in care access, delivery, perception, and satisfaction in the LGBTQ+ patients affected by PCa. Current data suggest that LGBTQ+ patients with PCa are an under-researched population whose QoL concerns and needs are often overlooked. PCa has a significant impact on the sexual, emotional, and social well-being of the LGBTQ+ community; this impact seems different than the non-LGBTQ+ community, underlying the need for focused research and interventions.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.Doctoral School, GE Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology from Târgu Mureş, Targu Mures, Romania.
Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.Karl Landsteiner Society, Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA. Shahrokh.shariat@meduniwien.ac.at.
Impact of Prostate Cancer Treatment on Quality of Life of LGBTQ+ Patients: A Systematic Review.

Wales to crack down on junk food promotions to tackle obesity.

Primary Care Research Centre, School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
New UK asthma guideline: meeting the challenge to change.

Lucy Letby: What next for the case after an expert panel found no evidence of murder?

Nottingham NHS Trust is fined £1.6m for failings related to three baby deaths.

School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.
Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.Indicates co-senior authors.
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia kimberley.wang@uwa.edu.au.The Kids Research Institute Australia, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.Indicates co-senior authors.
Structural composition of airway wall fat in healthy weight and overweight/obese subjects.

Department of Medicine, Institute for Professional Worklife, Hennepin Healthcare and the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Fighting to Eliminate Burnout: A 3-Decade Journey and the Path Forward.

US health agencies ordered to reinstate webpages removed after Trump's executive order.

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.Center for Humanitarian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Center for Humanitarian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.Center for Humanitarian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.HEAL Refugee Health and Asylum Collaborative, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Detained at the doctor's office: US immigration policy endangers health.

Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.
Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada s.couillard@usherbrooke.ca.
Response and remission in asthma with tezepelumab: overlapping concepts informing on type-2 inflammatory-dependent treatment effects.

Menthol-flavoured cigarettes remain unregulated in the USA and in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) despite their known impacts on smoking uptake and reduced cessation. Yet, evidence about whether menthol cigarettes are associated with higher disease risks than non-menthol cigarettes is inconclusive, and the industry has used this argument to lobby against regulation.All-cause and cause-specific mortality risk was assessed according to baseline smoking status (current, former and never) and menthol flavour status (menthol and non-menthol) of the cigarette brand smoked for the longest period among 969 349 persons from Cancer Prevention Study-II, a population-based prospective cohort study enrolled in 1982-1983 with mortality follow-up of 6 years.73 486 and 281 680 persons reported menthol brands and non-menthol brands, respectively, among whom 4071 and 20 738 deaths occurred, respectively. Currently smoking cigarettes, whether menthol or non-menthol brands, was associated with highest mortality risks (eg, all causes: about two times higher risk vs never smoking) but quitting substantially reduced risks for both types. Among persons who formerly smoked, menthol versus non-menthol smoking was associated with an elevated mortality risk of 12% from all-causes, 16% from all cardiovascular diseases, 13% from ischaemic heart disease, and 43% from other heart diseases Among individuals currently smoking, there was no difference in mortality risks for menthol versus non-menthol cigarettes except for elevated risk among those smoking≥40 cigarettes per day. Black persons currently smoking menthol versus non-menthol brands had an 88% elevated mortality risk for other heart diseases.Findings of a unique excess mortality risk associated with menthol cigarettes provide additional scientific evidence-apart from their known impacts on initiation and cessation-in support of menthol flavour regulation in the USA and similar policies in LMICs. Public communication efforts must reiterate that quitting all cigarette types is the only safe option to reduce disease risk.
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.
Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA priti.bandi@cancer.org.
Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Association of menthol-flavoured cigarette smoking with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk.

Behavioral Health & Health Policy, Westat Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA JennyOzga@westat.com.
Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
Rutgers Institute for Nicotine & Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Kick School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Behavioral Health & Health Policy, Westat Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Recommended self-report measures for use of menthol, mint and cooling-flavoured nicotine and tobacco products.

Department of Rheumatology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland claraforrest1@hotmail.com.
Department of Rheumatology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Subdural haematoma of arterial origin: a rare presentation of giant cell arteritis.

Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, India drknvraju08@gmail.com.
Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru, India.
Congenital generalised lipodystrophy type 2.

Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Maharashtra Medical Foundation Joshi Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital, Pune, India shibhani.hegde@bharatividyapeeth.edu.
Nitte Mahalinga Adyanthaya Memorial Institute of Technology, Mangalore, India.
Familial non-syndromic fistula labii inferioris.

Sacral dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is a rare spinal vascular malformation and often misdiagnosed or even mistreated. This study delved into the clinical characteristics, vascular architecture and treatment results of SDAVF, with the goal of enhancing upcoming diagnostic and therapeutic methodologies.From March 2014 to March 2022, consecutive patients with SDAVF were retrospectively analysed. The data on demographics, symptom resolution, angioarchitectural features and postoperative course were studied. Spinal cord function was evaluated by modified Aminoff-Logue scale.A total of 36 patients with 36 SDAVFs were enrolled, 12 of whom were misdiagnosed on their initial visit. The SDAVFs were located at S1 in 24 (66.7%), S2 in 10 (27.8%) and S3 in 2 (5.6%) cases, respectively. The primary feeding arteries included lateral sacral artery (LSA) of internal iliac artery (31/36, 86.1%), the branches of external iliac artery (2/36, 5.6%) and median artery (3/36, 8.3%), most of which are straight. Venae terminalisis is the sole drainage vein, flowing back into perimedullary venous network. Endovascular embolisation is the main therapy method for 30 cases, while the other 6 cases were treated with microsurgical fistulectomy. MRI tests showed that the abnormal vascular signals around the medulla disappeared, and the spinal cord oedema was alleviated in the majority of cases (32/36, 88.9%). Six patients, who all were treated by endovascular embolisation at first time, had residual or recurrent and two of them were performed by microsurgical fistulectomy again. All patients by microsurgical fistulectomy had no residual or recurrent during follow-up. According to the spinal cord functional assessment, the Aminoff-Logue score was significantly decreased (Z=-3.449, p=0.001) postoperatively.The misdiagnosis rate of SDAVF is very high. The most feeding artery of SDAVF came from the LSA, which was thicker and more straight, making it easier for microcatheters to reach the fistula site. So, endovascular embolism has become the first choice of treatment with minimal invasion, and safe and effective results.
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Law School, Shantou University, Shantou, China.
Department of neurosurgery, Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China gong_chen@fudan.edu.cn.
Long-term outcome in a cohort of 36 patients with sacral dural arteriovenous fistulae after endovascular embolisation or microsurgery.

Pouponnière - Association Pluriels, 1760 chemin de la Décelle, 26130 Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, France. Electronic address: amelle.z@hotmail.fr.

Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, Sorbonne université, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address: isabellehagbarth@yahoo.fr.

Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSP), ULL, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (Ciberinfec), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: veropino@ull.edu.es.
Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSP), ULL, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Grupo de Química Analítica Aplicada (AChem Group), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain. Electronic address: jhborges@ull.edu.es.
Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSP), ULL, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
Unidad de Investigación de Bioanalítica y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSP), ULL, 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; Grupo de Química Analítica Aplicada (AChem Group), Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.
ExTech 2023: Cutting-edge research towards sustainability and microextraction.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) are two powerful separation and detection techniques for non-targeted analysis (NTA) of volatile compounds. Combined with multivariate chemometric analysis, they have been successfully applied to several areas in chemical, environmental, food, flavor and medical sciences. The recorded raw GC-MS and GC-IMS data include high numbers of variables (features) due to the high scan speeds of the instrument. Additionally, NTA approaches, by design, record more data than required. Therefore, reducing the number of features is a key step in any chemometric pipeline to reduce overfitting, overlong training times and model complexity. There are various feature engineering strategies in the literature for GC-MS and GC-IMS data which make it more difficult for users to decide which method is more appropriate for their cases. Therefore, the objective of this tutorial paper is presenting the idea of feature selection and feature extraction techniques in GC-MS and GC-IMS data and then, comparing the performance of different strategies in NTA approaches. Additionally, the effect of feature selection and extraction strategies in pattern recognition problems will be discussed with some informative examples. We will demonstrate workflows based on available tools that can be used to ensure that every researcher can follow our tutorial.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: h.parastar@sharif.edu.
Institute for Instrumental Analytics and Bioanalytics, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: p.weller@hs-mannheim.de.
Feature selection and extraction strategies for non-targeted analysis using GC-MS and GC-IMS: A tutorial.

Sample preparation is essential for reducing matrix compound effects, increasing analytical method efficiency, and enhancing the detection of target compounds. Miniaturized techniques are preferred over conventional methods, due to their alignment with green analytical chemistry principles, reducing waste and offering comparable efficiency. The effectiveness of extraction techniques based on the use of sorbents depends on sorbent-analyte interactions, driving the search for more selective and versatile materials. Graphene oxide is noted for its high surface area, conjugated structure, and potential for functionalization, improving its adsorption capacity and modifying its polarity.In this work, novel sorbents were prepared by functionalizing graphene oxide with two hydrophilic ionic liquids of different structures and evaluated for their extraction capacity for five triazine herbicides. The best hybrid sorbent was used as a coating for homemade stirring bars and applied in the sorptive extraction of five triazines in grape juice samples, combined with determination by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). After optimizing the extraction conditions, the method showed a linear range of 1-50 ng mL-1 for ametryn, atrazine, simazine, and prometryn, and 1-100 ng mL-1 for propazine (r2 ≥ 0.9955). The limits of quantification in grape juice samples ranged from 0.0015 to 0.0500 ng mL-1 with precision as relative standard deviation (RSD) values less than 15 % and recoveries ranging from 45.3 % to 98.6 %.The reported work demonstrates that functionalized graphene oxide with hydrophilic ionic liquids can be successfully used in stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) to enhance the efficiency of the method and the sorption of triazines. Additionally, the method uses a low volume of organic solvent, and the fabricated extraction device is low-cost, employs a small amount of sorbent, and is reusable, increasing the analytical frequency for analyzing triazine herbicides in various beverage matrices.
Laboratory of Chromatography, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos, Brazil.
Laboratory of Chromatography, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos, Brazil. Electronic address: flancas@iqsc.usp.br.
Graphene oxide functionalized with hydrophilic ionic liquid as stir bar coating: Sorptive extraction of selected triazines in grape juice samples.

Univ. Grenoble Alpes, UMR CNRS 5105 Neuropsychology and Neuro Cognition, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Dept of Neuro Rehabilitation South Hospital, Cs 10217 - 38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France. Electronic address: dperennou@chu-grenoble.fr.
AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Service de Rééducation et de Réadaptation de l'Appareil Locomoteur et des Pathologies du Rachis, Hôpital Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.
Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine
Call for applicants for the position of Editor-in-Chief of the Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.

Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital and Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Anu.lala@mountsinai.org.
Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
Rebranding at the Intersections: A New Look For Our Field.

Editor in Chief of the Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.; Laboratoire Psychology and Neurocognition, University Grenoble-Alpes; and service de Rééducation Neurologique, Institut de Rééducation Hôpital sud -CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Av de Kimberley 38400 Echirolles, France. Electronic address: dperennou@chu-grenoble.fr.
University Rehabilitation Institute Republic of Slovenia - Soca, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Seoul National University Hospital Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, Laboratoire du Traitement de l'information Médicale, LaTIM, INSERM UMR 1101 Brest, France.
Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Hôpital Louise Michel, Route de Chateaugay, 63 118 Cébazat, Faculté de Médecine et des professions paramédicales -Equipe ASMS, INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, France.
Neuro Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of PMR, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré APHP; 104 bd Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, university of Versailles Saint Quentin, UMR 1179 Inserm.
Hospital Raymond-Poincare Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Pediatric Readaptation, Garches, France.
Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France. AP-HP. Centre-Université Paris Cité, Service de Rééducation et de Réadaptation de l'Appareil Locomoteur et des Pathologies du Rachis, Hôpital Cochin, 75014 Paris, France - INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicité Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs (T3S), Campus Saint-Germain-des-Prés, 75006 Paris, France.
École de Réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal. Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR). Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM). Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud del'Ile de Montréal.
Our thanks to persons who review papers for the Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.

Respiratory Medicine, AICTS, Pune, India rahultyagi4960@gmail.com.
Topiramate-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia.

The simultaneous presence of natural and magnetic optical activity in chiral samples is a very interesting occurrence, but it may lead to incorrect data interpretation if appropriate care is not taken. Moving from simple but general principles, here we show which effects are possible and which are not in such cases.
Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
On the (Im)possible Interplays Between Natural and Magnetic Optical Activity in Chiral Samples.

Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), CCT-La Plata, CONICET y Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina; Curso de Genética, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina. Electronic address: lodeiro@biol.unlp.edu.ar.
Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia as a potential source of nitrous oxide emissions.

NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK ben.evanson@nhs.scot.
Gastroenterology Unit, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
Chronic diarrhoea, weight loss and a positive anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody: a case report of olmesartan-induced enteropathy.

ENT Directorate, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK hplonsdale@doctors.org.uk.
ENT Directorate, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
ENT Directorate, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Airway consequences of alendronic acid aspiration.

Department of Hepatology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia natalie.commins@gmail.com deloshaan.subhaharan@health.qld.gov.au.
Department of Medical Oncology, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
Drug-induced liver injury secondary to tamoxifen.

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are major adverse events in neurosurgical patients. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning models predicting PPCs after neurosurgery.PPCs were defined according to the European Perioperative Clinical Outcome standards as occurring within 7 postoperative days. Data of cases meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria were extracted from the anesthesia information management system to create three datasets: The development (data of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from 2018 to 2020), temporal validation (data of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University in 2021) and external validation (data of other three hospitals in 2023) datasets. Machine learning models of six algorithms were trained using either 35 retrievable and plausible features or the 11 features selected by Lasso regression. Temporal validation was conducted for all models and the 11-feature models were also externally validated. Independent risk factors were identified and feature importance in top models was analyzed.PPCs occurred in 712 of 7533 (9.5%), 258 of 2824 (9.1%), and 207 of 2300 (9.0%) patients in the development, temporal validation and external validation datasets, respectively. During cross-validation training, all models except Bayes demonstrated good discrimination with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.84. In temporal validation of full-feature models, deep neural network (DNN) performed the best with an AUC of 0.835 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.805-0.858) and a Brier score of 0.069, followed by logistic regression (LR), random forest and XGBoost. The 11-feature models performed comparable to full-feature models with very close but statistically lower AUCs, with the top models of DNN and LR in temporal and external validations. An 11-feature nomogram was drawn based on the LR algorithm and it outperformed the minimally modified Assess respiratory RIsk in Surgical patients in CATalonia (ARISCAT) and Laparoscopic Surgery Video Educational Guidelines (LAS VEGAS) scores with a higher AUC (LR: 0.824, ARISCAT: 0.672, LAS: 0.663). Independent risk factors based on multivariate LR mostly overlapped with Lasso-selected features, but lacked consistency with the important features using the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) method of the LR model.The developed models, especially the DNN model and the nomogram, had good discrimination and calibration, and could be used for predicting PPCs in neurosurgical patients. The establishment of machine learning models and the ascertainment of risk factors might assist clinical decision support for improving surgical outcomes.ChiCTR 2100047474; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj = 128279.
Copyright © 2025 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer, Inc. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license.
Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
Department of Control Science and Engineering, College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Neuromedical Center, Shanghai 200331, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
Development and multicenter validation of machine learning models for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications after neurosurgery.

EDs can address modifiable risks of patients attending due to violence. Hospital-based violence intervention programmes (HVIPs) can reduce patients' exposure to violence but can place additional burdens on staff. We explored practitioners' views on two nurse-led HVIPs' design and delivery, response to patient need, engagement with ED health professionals, adaptation to local context and analysed documents relevant to these objectives.This was a qualitative process evaluation, from January to September 2023, of two nurse-led HVIPs implemented in a major trauma centre and a large urban hospital in the UK. Interview participants (N=49) were involved with the commission and implementation of the HVIPs, or worked within the broader violence-prevention ecology. We gathered perspectives on intervention implementation and undertook documentary analysis on local and national policies, and guidance relating to HVIPs development, implementation and delivery (N=46). Documentary data were subject to thematic and content analyses, interview data to thematic analysis.HVIPs were developed in response to a perceived under-provision of services for patients attending EDs due to violence. The HVIP nurses had access to clinical records facilitating the identification of eligible patients. They provided patient-centred care, addressing needs through referrals into health and community-based services. Over 60% of eligible patients engaged. The nurses were seen as credible champions working towards a minimally burdensome service that supported and trained ED staff. Embedding HVIPs into usual care took time and was limited by the perceived short-term nature of the intervention.The implementation of nurse-led HVIPs enables access to clinical records, facilitating patient engagement, and can provide an additional service aligned to usual emergency care, supporting both patients and ED staff.The protocol was pre-registered (ISRCTN 15286575; March 13, 2023) and published before data collection was complete.
School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK mooresc2@cardiff.ac.uk.Security, Crime & Intelligence Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
DECIPHer, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
DECIPHer, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Cardiff Liver Unit, Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK.Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Defence Medical Services, Birmingham, UK.
Practitioner experiences of developing and implementing two UK ED-based hospital violence intervention programmes: a process evaluation.

Timely endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is crucial for improving outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study evaluated the effectiveness of a national quality improvement collaborative (QIC) in reducing process times for potential EVT candidates across a national stroke network.A pre-post intervention design using a modified Breakthrough Series approach was implemented across 24 hospitals. Multidisciplinary teams participated in monthly learning sessions and action periods focused on reducing 'Door to Decision' (time from hospital arrival to EVT decision) to under 30 min. Mixed-effects linear models and mixed-effects ANOVA were used to analyse the impact of the QI program on Door to Decision and Door to CT times, comparing intervention and control cohorts.The QI program significantly reduced Door to Decision time in the intervention cohort by 15.9% (p<0.001) from a mean of 92.8 min to 78.9 min. Door to CT time also decreased by 15.6% (p<0.001). No significant changes were observed in the control cohort. Mixed-ANOVA revealed a significant interaction effect for both Door to Decision (p<0.004) and Door to CT (p<0.04), indicating that the QI program impacted these times as compared with the control group. The QIC effectively improved the efficiency of stroke care pathways across a national stroke network. This effect was sustained across the network and over time. This success was facilitated by a bottom-up approach, fostering collaboration and shared learning within and across hospitals.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a collaborative, network-wide QI program in reducing critical process times for AIS patients. Continued efforts to sustain these improvements and optimize stroke care pathways are warranted.
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland naominowlan@rcsi.ie.Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Improving stroke pathway efficiency: outcomes of a quality improvement collaborative across a national stroke network.

Benign multiple sclerosis (MS), characterised by minimal disability despite long disease duration, remains poorly understood in terms of its determinants and prognostic implications. While lifestyle factors have been implicated in modifying disease progression, their role in distinguishing benign and non-benign MS remains unclear.We conducted a comparative analysis of patients with benign (n=2040) and non-benign MS (n=4283) using data from Swedish nationwide case-control studies with long-term follow-up. Logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between a history of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and lifestyle factors (smoking, body mass index, fish consumption and sun exposure habits) and the likelihood of benign MS. Additionally, Cox regression was used to follow patients with benign MS from the 15-year mark onward, identifying factors associated with the transition to non-benign MS over time.The odds of having benign MS were reduced in association with a history of IM (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.65), adolescent overweight and obesity (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.85 and 0.46, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.66, respectively) and infrequent fish consumption (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.88). Similar associations were observed for the risk of transitioning from benign to non-benign MS over time.A history of IM and modifiable lifestyle factors significantly influence the probability of a benign disease course in MS. These findings underscore the potential for targeted lifestyle interventions to improve MS outcomes. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which a past IM infection can continue to influence MS progression long after the initial infection.
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ Group.
China Agricultural University, Beijing, Beijing, China.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karolinska Institute Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden anna.hedstrom@ki.se.
Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2025-02-13;():.
Lifestyle factors associated with benign multiple sclerosis.

Despite several studies suggesting a potential oligogenic risk model in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), case-control statistical evidence implicating oligogenicity with disease risk or clinical outcomes is limited. Considering its direct clinical and therapeutic implications, we aim to perform a large-scale robust investigation of oligogenicity in ALS risk and in the disease clinical course.We leveraged Project MinE genome sequencing datasets (6711 cases and 2391 controls) to identify associations between oligogenicity in known ALS genes and disease risk, as well as clinical outcomes.In both the discovery and replication cohorts, we observed that the risk imparted from carrying multiple ALS rare variants was significantly greater than the risk associated with carrying only a single rare variant, both in the presence and absence of variants in the most well-established ALS genes. However, in contrast to risk, the relationships between oligogenicity and ALS clinical outcomes, such as age of onset and survival, did not follow the same pattern.Our findings represent the first large-scale, case-control assessment of oligogenicity in ALS and show that oligogenic events involving known ALS risk genes are relevant for disease risk in ~6% of ALS but not necessarily for disease onset and survival. This must be considered in genetic counselling and testing by ensuring to use comprehensive gene panels even when a pathogenic variant has already been identified. Moreover, in the age of stratified medication and gene therapy, it supports the need for a complete genetic profile for the correct choice of therapy in all ALS patients.
Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK alfredo.iacoangeli@kcl.ac.uk sali.farhan@mcgill.ca.Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå Universitet Medicinska Fakulteten, Umea, Sweden.
Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory (NDAL), KUTTAM, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
UMR 1253, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.Centre de référence sur la SLA, CHU de Tours, Tours, France.
Centre de référence sur la SLA, CHRU de Limoges, Limoges, France.UMR 1094, Université de Limoges, Inserm, Limoges, France.
Instituto de Fisiologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Department of Neurology, Sourasky Medical Centre, TelAviv, Israel.Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
ALS Unit, San Rafael Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Hospital de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy.Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), VIB, Center for Brain and Disease Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Utrecht Brain Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands.
UMR 1253, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.Service de Biochimie et Biologie molécularie, CHU de Tours, Tours, France.
Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK.Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Department of Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada alfredo.iacoangeli@kcl.ac.uk sali.farhan@mcgill.ca.Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.Department of Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Oligogenic structure of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has genetic testing, counselling and therapeutic implications.

Functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) with successful reperfusion (expanded Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) 2b-3) complicated by symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) were compared with patients with unsuccessful reperfusion (eTICI 0-2a) without sICH.Patients enrolled in this post hoc analysis were from two Chinese multicenter, randomized controlled trials: the DEVT and the RESCUE BT registries. Patients with AIS who underwent EVT were categorized into two groups according to the state of reperfusion: eTICI 2b-3 with sICH and eTICI 0-2a without sICH. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days. The safety outcomes included early neurological deterioration and 90-day mortality.161 patients were included in this cohort analysis, among whom 71 experienced eTICI 2b-3 with sICH, and 90 had eTICI 0-2a without sICH. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, patients in the eTICI 2b-3 with sICH group had worse mRS at 90 days compared with those in the eTICI 0-2a without sICH group in the adjusted analysis (median 6 (IQR 4-6) vs median 4 (IQR 3-6); adjusted common OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.66). There were also higher rates of very poor outcome (mRS 5-6, 70.4% vs 42.2%; OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.38 to 6.11), mortality (66.2% vs 32.2%; OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.79), and early neurological deterioration (81.7% vs 40.0%; OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.35) in the eTICI 2b-3 with sICH group versus the eTICI 0-2a without sICH group.Successful reperfusion complicated by sICH after EVT was associated with worse outcomes and higher mortality than unsuccessful reperfusion without sICH. These findings emphasize the need for additional efforts in assessing and managing post-EVT-associated sICH to optimize treatment strategies and improve outcomes.Direct Endovascular Treatment for Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke; https://www.chictr.org.cn; ChiCTR-IOR-17013568.Intravenous Tirofiban Before Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke; https://www.chictr.org.cn; ChiCTR-INR-17014167.
Neurology, Shenqiu County People's Hospital, Shenqiu, China.
Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Neurology, No. 903 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Force, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
Neurology, JieYang People's Hospital, JieYang, Guangdong, China.
neurology, Jingdezhen First People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China.
Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
Neurology, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan, Guangdong, China.
Neurology, Houjie Hospital and Clinical College of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Department of Neurology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China.
Department of Neurology, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Neurology, Shouguang Jitai health center, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Neurology, Maanshan People's Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, China.
Neurology, The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Maoming, Guangdong, China.
Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China.
Department of Neurology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated of Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Neurology, Huaian First People's Hospital, Huaian, Jiangsu, China.
Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China weiligysy@163.com zhenqiang.zhao@qq.com.
Successful reperfusion accompanied by symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) versus unsuccessful reperfusion without sICH after endovascular stroke thrombectomy: a post-hoc analysis of two randomized trials.

The hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) has emerged as a vital measure of tissue-level collateral blood flow, helping to identify patients who are likely to benefit from mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We aimed to assess the HIR's predictive accuracy for clinical outcomes following MT in patients with acute ischemic stroke.PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched to identify studies comparing good versus poor HIR groups based on studies' reported cut-offs. We pooled binary outcomes to calculate odds ratios (OR) and continuous outcomes to calculate mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using random-effects models. PROSPERO registration code: CRD42024609185.14 studies with 2987 patients, 1553 with good HIR and 1434 with poor HIR, were included in this meta-analysis. Patients with poor HIR exhibited a significantly higher baseline infarct volume compared with those with good HIR (MD 30.6 mL, 95% CI 20.8 mL to 40.3 mL, P<0.01), though baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (P=0.12) and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) (P=0.35) were comparable between groups. The rates of infarct growth (MD 22.4 mL, 95% CI 6.7 mL to 38.0 mL, P<0.01) and 3-month mortality (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.04 to 4.58, P=0.04) were higher among the poor HIR group and good functional recovery (modified Rankin Scale 0-2 at 3 months) was lower (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.80, P<0.01). The rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (P=0.37) and successful reperfusion (P=0.47) were comparable among groups.This meta-analysis highlights the significant negative impact of poor HIR on patient outcomes. These findings emphasize the need for personalized treatment strategies for patients with poor HIR.
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of) drbehnamjazayeri@gmail.com.
Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Department of Radiology, Neuroadiology, and Neurointervention Division, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
New insights on the predictive value of hypoperfusion intensity ratio in thrombectomy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis with multiple cut-offs.

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes of low profile flow diverters (FDs) used in treating intracranial aneurysms in small parent vessels (≤3.5 mm).A systematic review was conducted using Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to October 2024. Studies reporting clinical and angiographic outcomes for Silk Vista Baby, Flow Re-direction Endoluminal Device Junior (FRED Jr), and p48 MW Flow Modulation Device were included. Favorable outcomes were defined as those reported directly in studies or as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2.33 studies involving 998 patients with 1049 aneurysms were analyzed. Favorable neurological outcomes were reported in 94% of cases overall, with unruptured aneurysms achieving better outcomes (97.1%) than ruptured aneurysms (80%). Procedure related complications were observed in 15.7% of cases, with a lower rate in unruptured aneurysms (12.7%) compared with ruptured aneurysms (20%). Complete or near complete occlusion was achieved in 79.5% of aneurysms from 28 studies, with similar rates for both unruptured (73.6%, from 14 studies) and ruptured (74%, from 13 studies) aneurysms. Among devices, the FRED Jr showed the highest favorable outcome rate (97.6%), while the p48 MW device had the highest complication rate (17.2%). Adjunctive coiling did not significantly affect neurological outcomes but was associated with a slightly lower complication rate (12.1%).Low profile FDs demonstrated high rates of favorable neurological outcomes in small parent vessel aneurysms, particularly in unruptured cases. These FDs achieved acceptable rates of adequate aneurysm occlusion and complications.
Interventional Radiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Dicle University Medical Faculty, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Ministry of Health İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Radiology, Usak Training and Research Hospital, Usak, Turkey.
Interventional Radiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey ismailoran@gmail.com.
Safety and efficacy of low profile flow diverter stents for intracranial aneurysms in small parent vessels: systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate early and mid-term imaging and clinical outcomes following transvenous embolization of cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CSFVFs) in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH).From November 2022 to November 2024, 60 consecutive patients with SIH and confirmed CSFVF underwent transvenous embolization using Onyx. Of these, 40 patients underwent brain MRI pre-treatment, 24 hours post-treatment, and at a 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was regression of brain MRI abnormalities at 24 hours and 3 months. Secondary outcomes included rates of symptom improvement, predictors of clinical improvement, and complication rates.The mean patient age was 61 years, and 65% were female. All procedures were technically successful. The median SIH score significantly decreased from 6 pre-treatment to 3.5 at 24 hours (P=0.01) and to 2 at 3 months (P=0.004). Early improvement in SIH score correlated with clinical improvement at 24 hours (P=0.002), which was observed in 77.5% of patients. Pachymeningeal enhancement (87.5%) and venous sinus engorgement (75%) were the most common MRI abnormalities. Both findings regressed in approximately 50% of patients at 24 hours and in 80% of patients at 3 months. At 3 months, 82.5% of patients achieved complete clinical recovery. Rebound post-treatment headaches occurred in 32.5% of patients but resolved within 7 days. The morbidity rate was 0%.Transvenous embolization of CSFVFs results in early and sustained clinical and imaging improvements in patients with SIH. These findings support the efficacy of this intervention as a primary treatment for CSFVFs.
Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France f-cagnazzo@chu-montpellier.fr.
Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Department of Neurology, Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.Neuroradiology, CHRU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
Early brain MRI changes following transvenous embolization of cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas in spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

This retrospective service evaluation reviews practical measures for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 Of 35 724 PrEP users, 361 had an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, of whom 16% required non-tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine PrEP formulations. Majority of cases required simple and conservative management, with repeat sampling and/or stopping of the supplements and/or recreational drugs.
56 Dean Street, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK victoria.tittle@nhs.net.
56 Dean Street, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of HIV/GUM, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
GenitoUrinary and HIV Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
MRC CTU, University College London, London, UK.
Real-world experience of renal outcomes and management of PrEP users with estimated glomerular filtration rates less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

In the previous Spondyloarthritis EYE study, we confirmed the potential of a screening strategy for early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) detection using acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and chronic back pain (CBP) as referral criteria. This follow-up study assessed changes in diagnostic categories (definite, suspected, and no axSpA) over 2 years and identified baseline factors predicting axSpA diagnosis at 24 months.Patients with AAU and CBP were categorized into 3 groups: definite axSpA, suspected of axSpA, and no axSpA, based on clinical and radiographic data within 6 months after baseline. Suspected cases were monitored for 24 months, with the possibility of reclassification. A competing risk analysis was used to estimate the probability of transitioning from suspected of axSpA to definite axSpA or no axSpA, and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine if baseline factors could predict definite axSpA at 24 months.Among 81 patients, 26 were classified as no axSpA, 36 as suspected of axSpA, and 19 as definite axSpA. At 24 months, suspected patients had an 18% probability to transition to definite axSpA (4 cases) and a 60% to no axSpA (15 cases). Significant predictors of axSpA diagnosis included the following: HLA-B27 positivity, good response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, inflammatory back pain, increasing C-reactive protein levels, buttock pain, and higher Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index scores.Our screening strategy identified approximately one third of previously undiagnosed axSpA cases among patients with AAU and CBP, mostly at baseline, with few additional cases at follow-up. The predictors revealed in this study could aid physicians in estimating axSpA disease probability.
Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Departments of Rheumatology and Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Free University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases
Early Axial Spondyloarthritis Detection: Two-Year Follow-up of the Sp-EYE Study on Acute Anterior Uveitis and Chronic Back Pain Screening.

Low-value care (LVC) describes practices that persist in healthcare, despite being ineffective, inefficient or causing harm. Several determinants for the provision of LVC have been identified, but understanding how these factors influence professionals' decisions, individually and jointly, is a necessary next step to guide deimplementation.A factorial survey experiment was employed using vignettes that presented hypothetical medical scenarios among 593 Swedish primary care physicians. Each vignette varied systematically by factors such as patient age, patient request for the LVC, physician's perception of this practice, practice cost to the primary care centre and time taken to deliver it. For each scenario, we measured the reported likelihood of providing the LVC. We collected information on the physician's worry about missing a serious illness.Patient requests and physicians' positive perceptions of the practice were the factors that increased the reported likelihood of providing LVC the most (by 14 and 13 percentage points (pp), respectively). When the LVC was low in cost or not time-consuming, patient requests further boosted the likelihood of provision by 29 and 18 pp. In contrast, credible evidence against the LVC reduced the role of patient requests by 11 pp. Physicians' fear of missing a serious illness was linked with higher reported probability of providing LVC, and the credibility of the evidence against the LVC reduced the role of this concern.The findings highlight that patient requests enhance the role of many determinants, while the credibility of evidence diminishes the impact of others. Overall, these findings point to the relevance of increased clinician knowledge about LVC, tools for patient communication and the use of decision support tools to reduce the uncertainty in decision-making.
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden marta.roczniewska@ki.se.Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warszawa, Poland.
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholms Lans Landsting, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens universitet, Västerås, Sweden.
Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Relative importance and interactions of factors influencing low-value care provision: a factorial survey experiment among Swedish primary care physicians.

The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has recently recommended the introduction of the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine into the UK's routine childhood immunisation schedule. This was previously only available to a small group of eligible children or through private healthcare providers. Engaging families in conversations around vaccines is recognised as important for informed decision-making, and professionals leading these discussions need to be confident and well-informed. This article aims to provide an overview of the evidence behind the decision to introduce varicella (chickenpox) vaccine, and addresses anticipated questions.
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
Paediatric Emergency Department, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK.Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
School of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Paediatric Infectious Diseases, West London Children's Healthcare, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Imperial College London, London, UK f.fitzgerald@imperial.ac.uk.
Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2025-02-13;():.
Fifteen-minute consultation: Should I get my child the varicella (chickenpox) vaccine?

Chronic pulmonary inflammation strongly contributes to respiratory failure and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Effective anti-microbial immunity and maintaining lung homeostasis require continuous structural-immune cell communication. Whether and how this crosstalk is altered in CF remains poorly understood, obscuring potential new angles for therapy development to restore airway homeostasis in pwCF.We performed droplet-based single cell RNA-sequencing on bronchial biopsies from pwCF to investigate structural-immune cell crosstalk. Computational analyses were used to compare these data to samples obtained from healthy controls.CF airway wall biopsies showed lower proportions and altered transcriptomes of basal cells, submucosal gland cells and endothelial cells, and a higher abundance of ciliated cells, monocytes, macrophages and T cells. Both B and T lymphocytes displayed aberrantly activated phenotypes with transcriptional changes linked to hypoxia and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling, indicative of crosstalk with endothelial cells. The CF lung displayed unique changes in intercellular communication potential involving ionocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells and lymphocytes. This included interactions between HLA-E on structural cells and the druggable CD94/NKG2A immune checkpoint on CD8+T cells.We report the first single cell transcriptome atlas of the CF lung containing the full spectrum of structural and immune cells, providing a valuable resource for investigating changes to cellular composition, phenotypes and crosstalk linked to CF. Our analyses highlight dysregulated basal cell function and adaptive immunity in pwCF - despite favorable responses to CFTR modulator therapy. We identify novel aspects of CF pathophysiology and potential entry points for therapeutic strategies.
Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; GRIAC research institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and INSERM, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 3IA Côte d'Azur, IHU Respirera, Sophia Antipolis, France.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: r.stadhouders@erasmusmc.nl.
Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society
Evidence for altered immune-structural cell crosstalk in cystic fibrosis revealed by single cell transcriptomics.

Metabolic pathways and DNA replication are both adaptable and essential for early development and cancer progression. While each process is well understood individually, the mechanisms coordinating them are just beginning to emerge. Nucleotide biosynthesis serves as a crucial link, with fluctuating nucleotide pools leading to imbalanced deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) and increased ribonucleotide (rNTP) levels, impairing DNA synthesis and triggering replication stress; ultimately driving developmental disorders and cancer. To counter these challenges, the replisome - the core machinery of DNA replication - continuously adjusts its architecture and speed in response to physiological changes, including nucleotide fluctuations. This review outlines recent insights into how the replisome aligns its function with metabolic changes in nucleotide levels and explores emerging links between metabolism and genome stability, and their roles in development and disease.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense, Denmark.
Functional Genomics and Metabolism Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: ksom@sdu.dk.
Metabolic control of replisome plasticity in genome surveillance.

To investigate the role of both diagnostic and interventional paediatric bronchoscopy in the management of respiratory diseases in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).A review of published English literature from January 2014 to February 2024.Indications for bronchoscopy in LMICs will vary depending on the burden of infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB) and HIV, and the expertise and equipment available. TB diagnosis in children remains challenging due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease and its overlap with other infectious diseases like actinomycosis and echinococcosis. Acquired conditions, such as foreign body (FB) inhalation, present late with a high complication rate, making them challenging to manage. Paediatric bronchoscopy has an important role in the diagnoses, management and follow-up of many of these conditions. Interventional procedures like endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS), radial EBUS and cryotherapy enhance diagnostic and management capabilities.Children in LMICs are affected by both infectious and acquired conditions. Bronchoscopy remains expensive with limited training offered in LMICs but is increasingly recognised for its important diagnostic and therapeutic role.
Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: pgouss@sun.ac.za.
Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Division of Anatomical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Diagnostic and interventional paediatric bronchoscopy in low and middle-income countries.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and analyze characteristics and symptoms of non-infectious sore-throat in teachers.Adult persons employed as teachers were screened for non-infectious sore throat. A cross-sectional study was performed in patients with non-infectious sore throat confirmed based on clinical examination.Out of 1008 teachers who participated in the screening, non-infectious sore throat was found in 70 respondents (6.9%). Most of the participants with non-infectious sore throat were women with a mean age of 45.5 years and a mean length of service 18.1 years. A small number of participants (n = 7, 10%) often visited a medical doctor because of throat problems. Over 80% of participants commonly used throat therapeutic agents. The most common symptoms were dry throat, tickling, and scratching in the throat. The oropharyngeal mucosa in most subjects was slightly red to red, the tonsils were normal, and there was no oropharyngeal enanthema. The median subjective assessments using the visual analog scale from zero to ten were four (interquartile range (IQR) 0-5) for pain, four (IQR 1-5) for difficulty in swallowing, and two (IQR 0-4) for swelling of the pharynx back wall. Of the analyzed risk factors, the highest percentages of participants were using air conditioning and consuming chilled and carbonated drinks, 21.4% were smokers and 10% of participants had a confirmed respiratory allergy.The prevalence of non-infectious sore throat was 6.9% with the most common symptoms being dry throat, tickling, and scratching in the throat. While a small percentage of participants often visited a medical doctor because of throat problems, the majority of them used throat therapeutic agents. Additional multicentric prospective studies are needed to increase our knowledge about symptoms and therapeutic strategies for non-infectious sore throat and voice disorders in general.
Copyright © 2025 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Institute of Occupational and Sports Medicine of Zenica-Doboj Canton, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosnalijek d.d., Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Pharmaceutical Faculty, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosnalijek d.d., Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosnalijek d.d., Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Pharmacy, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Electronic address: UnaG@Bosnalijek.ba.
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
Screening for Work-Related Voice Disorders in Teachers.

Total talar replacement (TTR) using a personalized customized total talar prosthesis (TTP) is an emerging and promising surgical option for the treatment of ankle problems. However, how to solve ankle instability after total talar replacement, and the influence of related solutions on foot biomechanics has not been investigated.Our preliminary studies have found that enlarging a personalized total talar prosthesis (TTP0) by 1.5 % along the coronal axis (TTP-FP1.5) and reconstructing the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) significantly can enhance ankle stability. However, there is a lack of insight into the effect of the two options on biomechanics. Consequently, this work constructed anatomically detailed finite element models of the foot, including an intact model and four surgical models, including replacement of TTP0, replacement of TTP-FP1.5, and two models of TTP-coupled ATFL reconstruction. Biomechanical differences were evaluated by numerical simulation of a balanced-standing and three characteristic instants of the stand phase.Changes in plantar pressure distribution, joint contact pressure and force transmission, von Mises stress on bone, and prosthesis stress were predicted and analyzed. It was found that significant changes in foot biomechanics occurred after TTP-FP1.5 replacement compared to TTP0 replacement. In contrast, no ligament reconstruction versus ATFL reconstruction exerts a minor effect on biomechanics.The findings indicate that the shape of the prosthesis is the primary factor affecting foot biomechanics after total talar replacement. In contrast, reconstruction of the ATFL has only a minimal effect on the biomechanics of the foot. The above findings will provide a solid basis for the improvement of TTR surgical plans in clinical.
Copyright © 2025 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Simulation Techniques for Special Equipment, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
XingGuo people's Hospital, Jiangxi, China.
Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Sports Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: chenwanfred@foxmail.com.
School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Institute of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: xiehq@cqupt.edu.cn.
Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Department of Spinal Surgery, Hunan Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China. Electronic address: upercai@163.com.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Simulation Techniques for Special Equipment, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, China; Chongqing Institute of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: weikai@hnu.edu.cn.
Foot and ankle surgery : official journal of the European Society of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
Finite element analysis of biomechanical effects of oversized total talar prosthesis and collateral ligament reconstruction on total talar replacement.

The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (2022) recommend voice and communication therapy within their standards of care for transgender and gender-diverse individuals; however, there is currently limited data to address the efficacy of interventions for this population beyond changes to fundamental frequencies. This systematic review will explore (1) the efficacy of voice and communication therapy for supporting trans and gender-diverse individuals in decreasing gender incongruence and will (2) consider the most effective modes and models of intervention for attaining this goal.Systematic review.A systematic literature search was undertaken through the online databases Scopus, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo, and PubMed, based upon a population, intervention, comparison, outcomes search strategy, with an additional paper being included from manual citation searches. For inclusion, studies were required to address purely non-surgical interventions and, to appropriately align with a contemporary understanding of therapeutic efficacy, to include patient self-rating outcome measures alongside acoustic measures.Eight pertinent studies were included from the searches. The results of all eight studies indicated changes in acoustic measures, listener perceptions, and self-perceptions following therapeutic intervention for participants of varying ages and backgrounds.Voice and communication interventions appear to improve quality of life, vocal function, and social participation in transgender and non-binary individuals and support movements of acoustic and perceptual measures to more closely reflect an individual's gender. Further, much larger studies are required to (1) compare modes and models of intervention and to (2) assess the efficacy of therapeutic intervention for wider transgender populations.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. Electronic address: learntosingleicestershire@gmail.com.
Department of Health Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
The Efficacy of Gender-Affirming Voice and Communication Therapy-A Systematic Review.

Voice is a critical tool for communication, and diagnosing voice disorders poses significant challenges, particularly when using high-speed video (HSV) endoscopy. The primary difficulty with HSV lies in the need for clinical experts to manually analyze and interpret large volumes of HSV frames. To address these challenges, kymography has been introduced as an effective clinical decision-support tool. In this study, a deep learning-based approach for classifying kymographic images is proposed to automate the analysis by training models to detect subtle and intricate variations in pathological vibratory patterns. We used high-speed recordings from the Benchmark for Automatic Glottis Segmentation (BAGLS) dataset to generate kymographic images, which were then used for binary and tertiary classifications employing deep learning models. We evaluated the performance of five widely used pretrained models: AlexNet, DenseNet121, Xception, Inceptionv3, and ResNet50v2. Our experimental results demonstrate that DenseNet121 can automatically classify voice disorders with higher accuracy and better performance across different model evaluation indicators, outperforming existing methods. With further research, the deep learning classifier has the potential to become a valuable diagnostic assistance tool for clinicians.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: panchamibaskaran@gmail.com.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: pravinkumars@ssn.edu.in.
Comparison of Deep Learning Models for Voice Disorder Classification Using Kymographic Images.

Acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is a common injury associated with a high rate of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during rehabilitation. This study assessed whether DVT affects long-term self-reported function.Data from the Danish Achilles Tendon Database were used to compare Achilles tendon Total Rupture Scores (ATRS) at 6, 12, and 24 months between patients with and without symptomatic DVT, adjusting for covariates.No significant ATRS difference between DVT and non-DVT groups was observed over time (adjusted mean difference = -0.7, 95 % CI: -4.8-3.3, p = 0.72). However, patients with DVT reported lower ATRS at 24 months (adjusted mean difference = -4.9, 95 % CI: -9.0 to -0.9, p = 0.02).Symptomatic DVT is not significantly associated with self-reported function over time in patients with ATR. However, patients with DVT may experience a recovery plateau, leading to lower long-term function, though the clinical significance is unclear.
Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Health Science and Technology, Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark. Electronic address: j.gandloese@rn.dk.
Section for Sports Traumatology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, University Hospital Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Research - Copenhagen (PMR-C), Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.
Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Impact of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis on self-reported function and treatment outcome following an acute Achilles tendon rupture: A register study.

Adrenoleukodystrophy is the most common peroxisomal disorder of beta oxidation with highly complex clinical presentation across different ages of life challenging the diagnostic skills of neurologists. We report a 35-year-male with orbitofrontal lobar dysfunction, spastic paraparesis, cerebellar ataxia and characteristic perioral and palatal tremor with dentate nuclei calcification in imaging.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: riya.090501@gmail.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: nandusaiteja8@gmail.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: dr.adityanayan@icloud.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: goyal_mk@yahoo.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: skarthikvm@gmail.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: ritushree18@gmail.com.
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India. Electronic address: chiragkahuja@gmail.com.
Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, (PGIMER), 160012, India. Electronic address: modipgi@gmail.com.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2025-02-09;():107313.
Dentate calcifications with palatal tremor and facial myorhythmia in adult-onset cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.

Neurology & Neurophysiology Censer, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: fifigs1@yahoo.de.
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi
Handgrip strength is probably not a predictor of mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Hematolymphoid tumors of the breast are uncommon. They either represent a secondary site of a known hematological malignancy or a primary disease (sometimes linked to systemic treatment such as chemotherapy for other cancers). The majority of primary breast lymphomas are B-cell lymphomas, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the most prevalent. T-cell lymphomas (potentially associated with certain breast implants), plasmacytomas, and myeloid sarcomas have also been reported. The prognosis and treatment depend on the specific type of hematolymphoid neoplasm. It is crucial to identify the hematolymphoid nature of a breast lesion on biopsy to ensure appropriate management and avoid unnecessary surgeries. This situation is a classic challenge due to its rarity, and the pathologists should consider it when dealing with any malignant breast lesion with a triple-negative phenotype.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Service de pathologie morphologique, département de biologie et pathologie médicales, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France. Electronic address: Lea.EL-KHOURY@gustaveroussy.fr.
Service de pathologie morphologique, département de biologie et pathologie médicales, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif, France.
[Hematologic malignancies of the breast].

The pioneering plant genome-engineering tool CRISPR-Act3.0 is promising for precise gene activation, but faces challenges, such as unstable structures and inconsistent gene activation in polyploid genomes. Here, we propose strategic modifications to render CRISPR-Act3.0 more resilient and adaptable, especially in complex plant genomes, where conventional methods have struggled.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Arts and Sciences, Arlington International University, Wilmington, DE 19804, USA.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China. Electronic address: yangliming@njfu.edu.cn.
Advancing plant gene activation with CRISPR-Act3.0.

People throughout the world have amputations but cannot obtain prosthetic devices. 3D-printing can be a cost-effective tool to create prostheses.The study's purpose is to examine the impact that a 3D-printed prosthetic hand has on function and quality of life.This case report collected data from a single subject.For function and quality of life, the Orthotics Prosthetics Users Surveys (OPUS) Upper Extremity Functional Status (UEFS) and the OPUS Health-Related Quality of Life Index (HRQOL) were completed before and after receiving a 3D-printed prosthetic hand.The UEFS pre-test score was 31, while post-test was 50. This 19-point difference exceeds the minimal detectable change (MDC) of 14.8, denoting a positive change. The HRQOL pre-test score was 58 and the post-test was 61. Since the MDC for this survey is 7.4, there is no substantial improvement.Function improved for this participant by nearly two standard deviations, while quality of life was maintained. 3D-printing is a viable, adaptable, and cost-effective alternative that aided the participant's function. This technology in the clinic can meet unique client needs when considering financial limitations or multiple prostheses for growing children.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Alvernia University, Reading, PA, USA. Electronic address: Regina.Rossi@alvernia.edu.
Department of Occupational Therapy, Alvernia University, Reading, PA, USA.
Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
Hand function and quality of life with a 3D-printed prosthesis: A case report.

Finger flexor tendon injuries are usually surgically repaired followed by early active motion rehabilitation. Studies have focussed on clinician-reported outcomes after these injuries.To measure clinician- and patient-reported outcomes after finger flexor tendon repair.Prospective cohort study.Adult patients with traumatic, finger flexor tendon injuries who underwent surgical repair were recruited. An individualized, early active motion rehabilitation program was provided, including an orthosis, progressive active/passive range of motion (ROM) and strengthening exercises. Clinician-reported outcomes, namely total active motion (TAM), Strickland-Glogovac ROM, flexor/extensor deficits, and grip strength, were recorded 3 months post-injury. Patient-reported outcomes, namely the Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ) and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), were measured at baseline (pre-injury) and 3 months, and return to work/leisure and level of adherence at 3 months.Data from 32 participants (20 male, mean age 39.8 years, 61 repaired tendons) were analyzed. At 3 months post-injury, mean ROM was 83.5% and 73.8%, compared to the unaffected hand, for total active motion and Strickland-Glogovac ROM, respectively, and grip strength 68.4%. All MHQ scores were statistically significantly worse at 3 months compared to pre-injury (p ≤ 0.012), as were the physical role limitations and physical component summary scores of the SF-36 (p ≤ 0.023). All participants (100.0%) had returned to work by 3 months, and virtually all (96.6%) to leisure activities, although not always at pre-injury levels. The number of digits involved statistically significantly affected Strickland-Glogovac ROM (p ≤ 0.049), flexor deficit (p = 0.042) and SF-36 summary and total scores (p ≤ 0.049). The number of tendons involved statistically significantly affected flexor deficit (p = 0.042). Participant's adherence statistically significantly affected MHQ total score (p = 0.028).The use of patient-reported outcomes, in addition to clinician-reported outcomes, provided deeper insight into patients' perceptions of their recovery after flexor tendon injury.
Physiotherapy, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Electronic address: Nicola.Williams@sa.gov.au.
Physiotherapy, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Allied Health, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Finger flexor tendon injuries repaired surgically followed by an early active motion program: A prospective cohort study of clinician- and patient-reported outcomes.

Cancer metastasis is largely influenced by cell-cell communication, to which exosomes play a vital role. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that originate as intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) within multivesicular bodies (MVBs) during endosome maturation. ILV formation depends on several pathways, including that of ceramide synthesis by neutral sphingomyelinase 2 [nSMase2]. Colorectal cancer (CRC)-derived sEVs are reported to carry a diverse range of metastatic cargo proteins; however, segregation of them in the ceramide-dependent sEV pool (sEVCer) remains unexplored. The current study aimed to identify the metastatic proteins that are secreted through sEVCer, from CRC cells of variable metastatic potentials. Primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) CRC cells were treated with nSMase2 blocker and sEVs were isolated, followed by extraction of the sEV proteins for a quantitative proteomic profiling using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). In total, 1781 proteins were identified with unused protein score > 1.3. Of these identified proteins, 22.8% and 17.01% were found to be depleted within sEVs of the treated SW480 and SW620 cells, respectively. These depleted protein pools represented the cargo that are preferentially secreted through sEVCer in respective cell types (CargoCer-SW480 and CargoCer-SW620). CargoCer-SW480 overrepresented integrin signaling pathway members and CargoCer-SW620 overrepresented integrin as well as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling pathway members. Interestingly, the uniquely overrepresented CargoCer-SW480 and CargoCer-SW620 were biologically connected, rendering possible transfer of metastatic cues via sEVCer. Overall, this study identified CargoCer and their dynamics over progressive CRC stages, and thereby opens up a new research direction for exploring the flow of metastatic cues through uptake and release of sEVCer.
© 2025 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.
School of Biomolecular Engineering and Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, India.Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
School of Biomolecular Engineering and Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, India.School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, India.
Department of Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Germany.
Quantitative proteomics identifies possible flow of metastatic cues between progressive stages of colorectal cancer via transfer of ceramide-dependent exosomal cargoes.

Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are seed cells with application prospects in cartilage repair. However, the mechanism of hADSC chondrogenic differentiation is still unclear. This study identifies a novel circRNA, circNR3C2, which is significantly upregulated during the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs.To analyze their role in hADSC chondrogenic differentiation, hADSCs were separated and identified by flow cytometry. Thereafter, we conducted Alcian Blue staining to assess chondrogenic differentiation levels. Additionally, RT-qPCR was carried out to detect levels of the cartilage-related genes COL2, Aggrecan and SOX9. Moreover, overlapping target SOX9 and circNR3C2 miRNAs were detected by bioinformatics and luciferase analyses. Finally, the role of circNR3C2 was confirmed in vivo using animal models.We confirmed that the cell surface receptors CD44, CD90 and CD105 were positively expressed on hADSCs, and their cartilage differentiation levels dramatically increased after 2 weeks. Expression of the cartilage-related genes COL2 and Aggrecan and circNR3C2 also markedly increased. CircNR3C2 overexpression enhanced cartilage differentiation of hADSCs, while up-regulating COL2, SOX9 and Aggrecan. Bioinformatics analysis identified hsa-miR-647 as the target miRNA of circNR3C2 and SOX9. Hsa-miR-647 overexpression in hADSCs can antagonize the effect of circNR3C2 on chondrogenic differentiation, and reverse its effect on regulating the expression of COL2, Aggrecan, and SOX9. We also showed that hADSCs overexpressing circNR3C2 promote cartilage repair in vivo.We show that circNR3C2 modulates SOX9 expression to promote hsa-miR-647-mediated hADSC chondrogenic differentiation; targeting circNR3C2 may help to develop new treatments to manage cartilage-related disorders.
© 2025 The Author(s). Animal Models and Experimental Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Chinese Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences.
Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Speed Capability, The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Precision Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
circNR3C2 promotes chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage repair of human adipose-derived stem cells via the hsa-miR-647/SOX9 pathway.

Brassica napus (canola) is a significant contributor to the world's oil production and is cultivated across continents, yet acidic soils with aluminium (Al3+) and manganese (Mn2+) toxicities limit its production. The genetic determinants underlying natural variation for acidic soil tolerance in canola are unknown and need to be determined. Through genome-wide association analysis of 326 canola accessions, we identified three QTLs for tolerance to Mn2+ toxicity on chromosomes A09, C03, and C09. Allelism tests between four tolerance sources confirmed that at least one locus on A09 controls Mn2+ tolerance in canola. Integrated analyses of genomic and expression QTL and Mn2+ tolerance data revealed that BnMTP8.A09, possibly in conjunction with BnMATE.C03, BnMTP8.C04 and BnMTP8.C08, play a central role in conferring Mn2+ tolerance in canola. Gene expression analysis showed that variation in BnMTP8.A09 expression could account for upto 74% of the variation in Mn2+ tolerance between individuals with extreme phenotypes. Yeast complementation assays and ectopic expression in Arabidopsis show that BnMTP8.A09 can complement manganese-hypersensitive yeast mutant strain PMR1∆ and Arabidopsis atmtp8 mutant background, respectively and restore Mn2+ tolerance to wild-type levels. Our multi-omics research approach unveils the genetic architecture of Mn2+ tolerance and identifies BnMTP8.A09 as a causal gene imparting tolerance to Mn2+ toxicity in canola.
© 2025 The Author(s). Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, Australia.
The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, Australia.School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, Australia.ARC Training Centre for Future Crops Development, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, UMR1349 Institut de Génétique, Environnement et de Protection des Plantes, Le Rheu, France.
ARC Training Centre for Future Crops Development, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Genome-Wide Association Study Elucidates the Genetic Architecture of Manganese Tolerance in Brassica napus.

The Australasian CREI (Certificate of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility) Consensus Expert Panel on Trial Evidence (ACCEPT) group recently published an evidence-based guideline on the investigation and management of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). This position paper is a brief summary of the freely accessible two-part guideline and can be found with digital object identifier (DOI) 10.1111/ajo.13821 and DOI 10.1111/ajo.13820.
© 2025 The Author(s). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Advanced Endoscopic Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Advanced Endoscopic Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Australasian CREI (Certificate of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility) Consensus Expert Panel on Trial evidence (ACCEPT) Group
The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2025-02-13;():.
ACCEPT Group Condensed Position Paper on the Management of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Asia-Pacific psychiatry : official journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists
Emergence of a New Threat in East Asia: Severe Agitation and Suicide Attempts Linked to Etomidate-Infused E-Cigarettes.

Background: Providing care for terminally ill patients presents a complex challenge for nurses and physicians, often leading to psychological concerns and significant physical and emotional distress for patients, their families, and healthcare providers. The intricacies of managing end-of-life care can evoke a range of feelings, including fear, anxiety, and sadness, which can affect the quality of care delivered. Understanding these dynamics is essential for improving the support systems for both healthcare professionals and patients during this critical time. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes toward death and end-of-life care among nurses and physicians and to investigate whether these attitudes are influenced by specific demographic characteristics, including gender, years of experience, previous education on death and dying, previous experience in dealing with terminally ill persons, previous experience with loss, present experience with loss, and the influence of religious beliefs. By examining these attitudes, the research seeks to identify potential areas for intervention and education that could enhance the overall approach to end-of-life care in oncology settings. Method: A total of 200 oncology nurses and physicians were recruited through a non-probability convenience sampling method from a specialized oncology hospital in Jordan. Participants were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire that included a demographic data sheet and Frommelt's Attitude Toward Care of the Dying - B scale. This scale is designed to measure attitudes toward caring for dying patients, providing valuable insights into the perspectives of healthcare professionals in this challenging field. Results: The findings indicated that the majority of nurses and physicians held a positive attitude toward death (FATCOD = 106.31), suggesting a general comfort with the concept of death and the process of dying. Additionally, statistically significant correlations were found between attitudes toward death and demographic factors, specifically, female nurses had significantly higher scores on the FATCOD scale compared to male nurses (p = .003); participants with prior experience caring for terminally ill patients had more positive attitudes (p = .047); increased years of professional experience were associated with higher scores (p < .001); participants who received education on death and dying had significantly better attitudes (p < .001); personal experiences with loss correlated with more positive attitudes (p = .001); and those whose religious beliefs strongly influenced their attitudes scored higher (p < .001). These associations highlight the multifaceted nature of attitudes toward death and the various influences that shape them. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that end-of-life care can induce a range of emotions that significantly impact the attitudes of nurses and physicians toward caring for patients at the end of life. As well as it was also found that healthcare professionals with more clinical experience in caring for terminally ill patients generally exhibited more positive attitudes toward death. Additionally, education on death and personal religious beliefs were identified as key factors influencing these attitudes. These insights suggest the need for enhanced educational initiatives and support systems to prepare healthcare providers for the emotional challenges of end-of-life care, ultimately improving patient experiences during this critical time.
Faculty of Nursing, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan.
School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Assessment of Oncology Nurses' and Physicians' Attitudes Toward Death and End-of-Life Care, Along With Contributing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Resilience of the healthcare system has been described as the ability to absorb, adapt, and respond to stress while maintaining the provision of safe patient care. We quantified the impact that stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic had on patient safety, as measured by central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network.Acute care hospitals were mandated to report markers of resource availability (staffing and hospital occupancy with COVID-19 inpatients) to the federal government between July 2020 and June 2021. These data were used with community levels of COVID-19 to develop a statistical model to assess factors influencing rates of CLABSIs among inpatients during the pandemic.After risk adjustment for hospital characteristics, measured stressors were associated with increased CLABSIs. Staff shortages for more than 10% of days per month were associated with a statistically significant increase of 2 CLABSIs per 10,000 central line days versus hospitals reporting staff shortages of less than 10% of days per month. CLABSIs increased with a higher inpatient COVID-19 occupancy rate; when COVID-19 occupancy was 20% or more, there were 5 more CLABSIs per 10,000 central line days versus the referent (less than 5%).Reporting of data pertaining to hospital operations during the COVID-19 pandemic afforded an opportunity to evaluate resilience of US hospitals. We demonstrate how the stressors of staffing shortages and high numbers of patients with COVID-19 negatively impacted patient safety, demonstrating poor resilience. Understanding stress in hospitals may allow for the development of policies that support resilience and drive safe care.
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.Lantana Consulting, East Thetford, VT, USA.
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.CACI, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Infection control and hospital epidemiology
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2025-02-14;():1-7.
Patient safety as a measure of resilience in US hospitals: central line-associated bloodstream infections, July 2020 through June 2021.

Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 668, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. kamilmalshy@gmail.com.
Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 668, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Pediatric Urology- Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Evaluating ChatGPT's role in urological counseling and clinical decision support.

Little is known about the causal relationship between sarcopenia and social isolation. This study investigated the association between social isolation and sarcopenia and explored the mediating role of physical activity among American and Chinese older adults.Data were from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), encompassing 3,383 American and 6,996 Chinese. Sarcopenia was defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Social isolation was measured by the Steptoe Social Isolation Index for American and a 5-item scale for Chinese. Logistic regression models with inverse probability weighting were conducted to explore the effect of social isolation on sarcopenia risk. Causal mediation analysis was conducted to examine direct and indirect associations.Over 8-year and 4-year follow-ups, 363 Americans and 392 Chinese had sarcopenia. Social isolation was associated with higher risk of sarcopenia in HRS (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.02-1.29) and CHARLS (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.10-1.39). The indirect effects of social isolation on sarcopenia through physical activity were significant only in HRS, explaining 7.63% of the total effect. Handgrip strength and gait speed were significantly associated with social isolation for HRS and CHARLS, while muscle mass and chair-stand test performance were significantly associated only in CHARLS.Social isolation significantly increased the risk of sarcopenia. Physical activity partially mediated this association only in Americans. More attention should be paid on socially isolated older adults to prevent sarcopenia.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccine and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. fangya@xmu.edu.cn.Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. fangya@xmu.edu.cn.School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, 361102, China. fangya@xmu.edu.cn.
Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025-02-13;():.
Social isolation and sarcopenia: the mediating role of physical activity and the intersocietal differences from US and China.

Bipolar Disorders affect 2% of the world population and ranks as the sixth leading cause of disability. Barriers such as lack of insight and limited access to healthcare result in a significant disease burden. These barriers can be mitigated by technology-delivered interventions such as ecological momentary interventions, which provide personalized, real-time treatments based on ecological momentary assessments of relevant variables. This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of ecological momentary interventions in bipolar disorder.We conducted searches across Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, psychINFO and ProQuest without applying any filter through December 30, 2023. Two authors screened results to eliminate irrelevant and duplicate studies, and the remaining studies were independently reviewed. Data were extracted, transformed into a common rubric, and analyzed for treatment effects using Review Manager 5.We analyzed 14 studies, encompassing 1776 patients with bipolar disorder. Interventions were mostly based on psychoeducation and cognitive behavioral therapy. EMI had small to moderate effects on quality of life (SMD = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.04-0.44, P = 0.02; I² = 47%), medication adherence (SMD = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.03-0.39, P = 0.02; I² = 0%), and affective episodes (HR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.57-0.98, P = 0.04; I² = 0%).Ecological momentary intervention is a novel area of research in behavioral science. The results of this systematic review based on the available literature suggest that these interventions could be beneficial for patients with bipolar disorder.
Hirbod Psychiatric and Psychologic Club (BAVAR), Tehran, Iran.Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. seghdami33@gmail.com.Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. seghdami33@gmail.com.Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemat Highway, Next to Milad Tower, Tehran, 14535, Iran. seghdami33@gmail.com.
Hirbod Psychiatric and Psychologic Club (BAVAR), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ecological momentary interventions for bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Procto-colectomy with an ileal pouch anal anastomosis is performed in Ulcerative Colitis patients as a potential curative surgical option. However, in many patients a non-specific inflammation of the ileal reservoir can occur, named pouchitis. Some patients further develop a chronic antibiotic-resistant disease. Rifaximin, an oral, broad-spectrum antibiotic has been shown to have efficacy for some patients. In the present study CB0125, a novel Rifamycin SV in situ gelling formulation, was developed as a potential pouchitis therapy. This mixture undergoes sol to gel transition under physiological pH and temperature upon administration to the target organ by enema. The in vivo efficacy of the in situ gel was performed using dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis model in C57/Bl6 mice. The clinical parameters such as body weight changes, rectal bleeding and stool consistency were compared to mesalamine (positive control). In addition, a histopathological investigation was conducted to assess severity of mucosal damage and inflammation infiltrate. CB0125 was well tolerated and there was a significant reduction in disease activity, improved colon weight to length ratio, and improved histology score for the CB-01-25 in situ gel group compared to placebo gel. In addition, CB0125 was superior to mesalamine and to rifamycin SV dissolved in water. We propose that the rifamycin SV in situ gel may provide a longer duration of exposure of this dual acting antibiotic / anti-inflammatory drug at the site of the damaged intestinal mucosa resulting in a superior combined effect, relative to rifamycin SV dissolved in water, for the treatment of pouchitis.
Cosmo SpA, Via C. Colombo 1, Lainate, 20045, MI, Italy.
Cosmobiolabs, 6199 Cornerstone Court E., Suite 101, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA. galton@cosmopharma.com.
Riverside II Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
Drug delivery and translational research
A rifamycin SV in situ gelling formulation for the treatment of pouchitis.

To develop a method for computationally detecting fall events using clinical language models to complement existing self-reporting mechanisms.Retrospective observational study.Text data were collected from the unstructured nursing notes of three hospitals' electronic health records and the Korean national patient safety reports, totalling 34,480 records covering the period from January 2015 to December 2019. Note-level labelling was conducted by two researchers with 95% agreement. Preprocessing data anonymisation and English translation were followed by semantic validation. Five language models based on pretrained Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)-4 with prompt programming were explored. Model performance was assessed using F measurements. Error analysis was conducted for the GPT-4 results.Fine-tuned BERT models with the English data set outperformed GPT-4, with Bio+Clinical BERT achieving the highest F1 score of 0.98. Fine-tuned Korean BERT with the Korean data set also reached an F1 score of 0.98, while GPT-4 achieved a competitive F1 score of 0.94. GPT-4 with prompt programming showed much higher F1 scores than GPT-4 with a standardised prompt for the English data set (0.85 vs. 0.39) and the Korean data set (0.94 vs. 0.03). The error analysis identified that the common misclassification patterns included fall history and homonyms, causing false positives and implicit expressions and missing contextual information, causing false negatives.The clinical language model approach, if used alongside the existing self-reporting, promises to increase the chance of identifying the majority of factual falls without the need for additional chart reviews.Inpatient falls are often underreported, with up to 91% of incidents missed in self-reports. Using language models, we identified a significant portion of these unreported falls, improving the accuracy of adverse event tracking while reducing the self-reporting burden on nurses.Not applicable.
© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Advanced Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
College of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.The Center for Patient Safety Research and Practice, Division of General Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Seoul School of Integrated Science & Technologies, aSSIST University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.Graduate School of Information & Telecommunications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Enhancing Adverse Event Reporting With Clinical Language Models: Inpatient Falls.

It is crucial for nurses to understand the meaning of spirituality, which can become more pronounced during pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding, and to take a supportive approach to breastfeeding attitudes during pregnancy. This study aimed to explore pregnant women's attitudes and spiritual experiences in Türkiye regarding breastfeeding. A qualitative inductive content analysis design was employed. Seventeen pregnant women (36-39-week gestation) were admitted to a maternity hospital in Zonguldak, Türkiye. They were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face, in-depth interviews and analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. The mean age of the participants was 27.41 years, and ten participants were primiparous. Multiparous participants had previously breastfed for a mean duration of 19.1 months. Three main themes emerged: Breastfeeding and life, Spiritual life and breastfeeding, and Cultural synthesis. Considering the impact of spirituality on breastfeeding during pregnancy, these findings may help nurses recognize pregnant women's spiritual needs and value the protective role of spirituality. Understanding these dimensions could improve the quality of support provided by healthcare professionals and potentially enhance breastfeeding outcomes.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey. yelizdincer83@hotmail.com.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey.
Analysis of Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding and Spiritual Life During Pregnancy in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study.

A 60-year-old woman with diabetic nephropathy was diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease and underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD) (X-3 years). Due to decreased residual renal function, she commenced combined PD and hemodialysis (HD) for 6 h once a week (Jan. X year). Seven months later, she visited her maintenance dialysis facility because of fluid leakage from the pubic region and abdominal pain during the dialysate infusion. Tests of the leakage fluid revealed a high glucose concentration, leading to discontinuation of PD and transfer to HD three times a week. She had been referred to a general hospital in her city, where vesical and uterine fistulas were excluded. Consequently, she was referred to our department to investigate the cause of the leakage. She was diagnosed with peritonitis by a physician and was receiving treatment. The lumen of the PD catheter was brownish, indicating possible contamination, leading us to plan its removal. At the time of catheter removal, laparoscopy and intraoperative lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a rectal perforation at the tip of the PD catheter; this was removed after suturing the damaged area. This was a rare case of delayed perforation of the rectum by a PD catheter, during combined PD and HD therapy.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Nephrology.
Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki Renal Center, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology, Nijigaoka Hospital, 1-1 Nijigaoka, Nagasaki, 852-8055, Japan. tadashi.uramatsu@gmail.com.
Department of Nephrology, JCHO Isahaya General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki Renal Center, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology, Sasebo City General Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.Division of Blood Purification, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Nephrology and Dialysis Center, Kouzenkai-Maeda Hospital, Saga, Japan.
Division of Blood Purification, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Advanced Medical Education Center, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Delayed rectum perforation by a peritoneal dialysis catheter in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report and literature review.

The Node Reporting and Data System (Node-RADS) provides structured and effective evaluation for lymph nodes in malignancies. This study aims to investigate its value in predicting residual lymph node metastasis (LNM) and survival outcome of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).This retrospective study included 118 patients with LAGC underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and gastrectomy from April 2015 to June 2020. The diagnostic performance of the post-NAC CT-based Node-RADS score for regional LNM, both at the patient level and at the perigastric/extragastric subgroup level, was estimated using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Youden's index. Kaplan-Meier curve was employed for prognostic analyses between high/low Node-RADS score group. A predictive Node-RADS (NR) model for LNM was developed using logistic regression analyses and a prognostic NR model for overall survival (OS) was developed using Cox regression analyses.In the prediction of LNM, the Node-RADS score exhibited an AUC of 0.843 (95%CI: 0.765-0.921) at patient level, 0.838 (95%CI: 0.757-0.918) in perigastric subgroup and 0.813 (95%CI: 0.724-0.901) in extragastric subgroup, surpassing LN short-axis criteria (AUC:0.664 [95%CI: 0.584-0.743], p < 0.001). The AUC of the NR predictive model for LNM increased to 0.870 (95%CI: 0.795-0.945), with 88.7% sensitivity and 78.9% specificity. The Node-RADS score was significantly correlated with post-NAC pathological status, and served as an independent indicator for OS (all p < 0.05).The NR prognostic model exhibited a Harrell's consistency index (C-index) of 0.724 (95%CI: 0.663-0.785), with no significant difference from the pathological prognostic model (0.739 [95%CI: 0.677-0.801], p = 0.695).The post-NAC Node-RADS score provides accurate prediction of regional LNM and shows promising prognostic value for LAGC patients. Post-NAC Node-RADS related predictive models show potential in early identification of high-risk LAGC patients with residual lymph nodes or poor prognosis after NAC.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Department of Radiotherapy Technology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.
Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, changchun, China.
Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China. yuxiaoping@hnca.org.cn.Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China. yuxiaoping@hnca.org.cn.
Value of Post-NAC CT-based Node-RADS score for Predicting residual lymph node metastasis and survival outcome of locally advanced gastric cancer.

To assess features of small pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (s-PDA, ≤ 2 cm) according to extrapancreatic extension (EPE) and predictors for recurrence.This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with s-PDA who underwent surgery between January 2004 and October 2021. Preoperative CT or MRI images were reviewed by two reviewers. Imaging and clinicopathologic features of s-PDA were compared according to the presence of EPE. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of recurrence.142 patients (77 men; 64.7 ± 9.3 years) who underwent preoperative CT (n = 134) or MRI (n = 115) were included. Duct dilatation was a common imaging finding of s-PDA (CT: 75.4%, MRI: 82.6%). Of the 142 patients, 21.8% (31/142) had no EPE, while 78.2% (111/142) had EPE. Tumor size on CT (14.3 ± 8.7 mm vs. 18.2 ± 6.5 mm, p =.01) and abutment or encasement of superior mesenteric vein (13.8% vs. 40.9%, p =.02) on CT were different according to absence or presence of EPE. Recurrence was more common in s-PDA with EPE (32.3% [10/31] vs. 53.2% [59/111], p =.04). Pathologic tumor size (HR 1.103, 95% CI 1.020-1.193, p =.01), tumor size on MRI (HR 1.044, 95% CI 1.001-1.090, p =.048), and extrapancreatic neural invasion on MRI (HR 3.341, 95% CI 1.564-7.140, p =.002) were significant predictors of recurrence.Even in s-PDA, tumors with EPE are larger and show higher recurrence rates. Imaging features are important for predicting presence of EPE.
Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of.
Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. jhkim2008@gmail.com.Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of. jhkim2008@gmail.com.
Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of.
Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of.
Small pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (≤ 2 cm): different imaging and clinicopathologic features according to extrapancreatic extension.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection poses significant risks for gastric cancer and intestinal inflammation, yet effective prevention strategies for intestinal inflammation remain elusive. Here, we aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZJ316 (L. plantarum ZJ316) in a mouse model of H. pylori-induced intestinal inflammation. The reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that treatment with L. plantarum ZJ316 significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of tight junction proteins, including Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin, and Claudin-1, while simultaneously decreasing the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that administration of L. plantarum ZJ316 reduced relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus and Desulfovibrio by 69% and 42%, respectively, while enhancing beneficial bacteria including Ligilactobacillus, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus associated with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) synthesis by 88%, 85%, and 16%, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed L. plantarum ZJ316 restored SCFA levels reduced by H. pylori infection. In vitro, L. plantarum ZJ316 inhibited the IκBα/NF-κB pathway, thereby reducing TNF-α and IL-8 production in HT-29 cells following H. pylori infection. These findings collectively suggest that L. plantarum ZJ316 ameliorates H. pylori-induced intestinal inflammation by enhancing gut barrier function, improving flora structure, increasing SCFA levels, and mitigating inflammation through NF-κB pathway inhibition, offering promise for therapeutic development.
Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China. wushiying@zjgsu.edu.cn.
Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China. guqing2002@hotmail.com.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025-02-13;():.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ZJ316 Alleviates Helicobacter pylori-Induced Intestinal Inflammation by Sustaining Intestinal Homeostasis.

Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR quantification in primary colorectal cancer is an important prognostic parameter, with stroma-rich tumors considered to have an unfavorable prognosis. Earlier studies involved relevant region selection and TSR quantification by human analysts, who are prone to interobserver variability. The aim of the current study was to develop a fully automated, quantitative algorithm for TSR analysis based on precise segmentation of H&E-stained histological tissue sections. The TSR quantification algorithm was developed based on the segmentation backbone, allowing accurate pixel-wise mapping of all relevant tissue classes (n = 12), including tumor cells, tumoral stroma, necrosis, and mucin. Three well-characterized cohorts of patients with stage I-IV primary operable colorectal cancer and available digital H&E histological slides were included (n = 548, n = 147, and n = 622, respectively). Three sizes of area for TSR analysis were tested (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm). The maximal TSR value per case was used for prognostic analysis involving different clinical endpoints. Regional heterogeneity of TSR was high in most tumors, with the algorithm effectively finding the most relevant region for analysis. Maximal case-level TSR values depended on the size of the area for analysis, which also significantly influences the prognostic performance of the TSR and must be a matter of standardization. In Cox analysis, an analytical size of 1 mm allowed the best performance, with an independent prognostic role retained in the context of other pathological variables for progression-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival endpoints. A powerful, fully automated, fully quantitative, objective tool for TSR assessment in primary colorectal cancer was developed and validated to have independent prognostic value. Standardization of TSR quantification is important given that analytical parameters can substantially influence the prognostic performance.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Clinic of Internal Medicine, Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Insitute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Insitute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. yuri.tolkach@gmail.com.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
AI-based tumor-stroma ratio quantification algorithm: comprehensive evaluation of prognostic role in primary colorectal cancer.

Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of endometrial cancer, characterized by its histological and molecular overlap with mesonephric carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This study presents a unique case of mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma in the endometrium, accompanied by adjacent mesonephric-like hyperplasia and atypical mesonephric-like hyperplasia. Histologically, the transition from mesonephric metaplasia to adenocarcinoma was evident, and molecular analysis revealed shared mutations, including KRAS (p.G12D) in both atypical hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma, and a novel BCOR mutation (p.A1314Nfs*49) in the adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest a Müllerian origin of mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma via mesonephric transdifferentiation, challenging the traditional understanding of mesonephric histogenesis. The identification of these mutations underscores the potential for targeted therapies, particularly in cases with BCOR and KRAS mutations. This study is the first to document preneoplastic lesions in mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma, offering new insights into its pathogenesis and therapeutic implications.
Pathology Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.Pathology Institute, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100, Enna, Italy.
Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia , Anatomic Pathology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Departmental Unit of Molecular and Genomic Diagnostics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Pathology Unit, Department of Woman and Child's Health and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy. gianfranco.zannoni@unicatt.it.Pathology Institute, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy. gianfranco.zannoni@unicatt.it.
Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the endometrium: detailed molecular characterization of the first case showing a morphological continuum from mesonephric-like metaplasia and atypical mesonephric-like hyperplasia to adenocarcinoma.

Scientists use AI to design life-like enzymes from scratch.

Are the Trump team's actions affecting your research? How to contact Nature.

Naegleria fowleri causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a lethal disease with a mortality rate of 97%. Current treatment options are limited and often ineffective, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents. This study aimed to identify potential inhibitors of the S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) enzyme from N. fowleri using an in-silico approach including Molecular Docking, Density Functional Theory (DFT), Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation, and Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) analysis. This study included compounds capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier after screening the Asinex Library of 261120 compounds. After molecular docking, ligands had binding energies ranging from - 5.3 to - 11.4 kcal/mol. Only one ligand 2-[(3-Chlorobenzoyl)amino]-N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide had a better binding energy of - 11.4 kcal/mol as compared to the reference compound adenosine (- 10.1 kcal/mol). DFT calculations revealed HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of 0.14301 eV (α-spin) and 0.07565 eV (β-spin). MD simulations conducted throughout 100 ns confirmed the stable binding and interaction of the ligand with key active site residues, including Asp130, His232, Phe150, Leu200, and Lys68. Stable root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and continuous interactions between the ligand and critical active site residues were observed. MMGBSA analysis confirmed the ligand's strong binding affinity, indicated by a negative binding energy with substantial lipophilic and Coulombic contributions. The selected ligand demonstrated significant binding affinity, stability, and inhibitory potential against NfSAHH, making it a promising candidate for further development as a therapeutic agent against PAM. The findings reveal novel binding interactions and structural insights into the binding mechanism of NfSAHH inhibitors. By employing a strategic in silico approach, this study provides a robust foundation for identifying and prioritizing potential inhibitors, optimizing resources for experimental validation, and streamlining the drug discovery process.
Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.Department of Life Science, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Life Science, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan.Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan. fatimaakram@gcu.edu.pk.Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA. fatimaakram@gcu.edu.pk.
Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
In-silico Study of an Inhibitor of S-Adenosyl-L-Homocysteine Hydrolase (SAHH) of Naegleria fowleri using Molecular Docking, Density Functional Theory (DFT), and Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulation.

The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.
Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. lolitagolemi1@gmail.com.
Heart Rhythm Clinical Research Solutions, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Trinity Health Michigan Health, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.
Alabama Cardiovascular Group, Columbiana, AL, USA.
Ascension Medical Group St. Vincent's Riverview, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Brigham Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.
Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing
J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2025-02-13;():.
Comparative analysis of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in atrial fibrillation ablation: insights from the real-world experience registry.

Cervical cancer remains a frequently-occurring gynecologic health problem posing a great threat to women. Tuftelin1 (TUFT1), an acidic protein possessing secretory capacity, has been reported to drive cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer cells. Accordingly, the current study is intended to figure out the specific impacts of TUFT1 on the aggressive behaviors of cervical cancer cells and make an in-depth study into the related regulatory mechanism. Firstly, analysis of TUFT1 expression in cervical cancer cells was performed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Cervical cancer cell proliferation was estimated via CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Wound healing, transwell as well as sphere formation assays were used to appraise cell migration, invasion, and stemness, respectively. Western blotting examined the expressions of metastasis- and stemness-associated factors and RT-qPCR also tested the expressions of stemness-associated factors. Co-IP assay was used to verify the binding between TUFT1 and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1). Subsequent ATF1 expression was examined by RT-qPCR and Western blotting after TUFT1 was silenced. After co-transfected with TUFT1 interference and ATF1 overexpression plasmids, aforementioned functional experiments were conducted again. Western blotting also analyzed the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling-associated proteins. The experimental data determined that TUFT1 expression was fortified in cervical cancer cells and TUFT1 absence diminished cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness. Besides, TUFT1 bond to ATF1 and positively modulated ATF1 expression. Moreover, ATF1 elevation countervailed the impacts of TUFT1 insufficiency on the proliferation, migration, invasion, stemness as well as EGFR signaling in cervical cancer cells. Anyway, TUFT1 might interact with ATF1 to elicit pro-proliferation, pro-metastasis, and pro-stemness properties and inactivate EGFR signaling in cervical cancer, supporting that TUFT1 might be valued as a potential hallmark for cervical cancer.
Department of Gynaecology, Qujing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan Province, China.
Department of Gynaecology, Qujing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan Province, China. FengLin6023@163.com.
TUFT1 Modulates Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, Stemness and EGFR Signaling in Cervical Cancer through Interacting with and Targeting ATF1.

The anticancer potential of juglone, a naphthoquinone derived from walnut trees, has been extensively studied; however, its hydrophobicity and toxicity obstruct its therapeutic applications. This study aimed to overcome these challenges by encapsulating juglone into poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and evaluating their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on HeLa cells. Juglone nanoparticles (JNP) were obtained by single emulsion solvent evaporation method. Its key physicochemical properties, such as particle size, zeta potential, drug loading, release yield, and encapsulation efficiency values were calculated as 207.45 ± 1.67 nm, -24.12 ± 2.21 mV, 47.80, 66.90 and 90.12%, respectively. JNP's antiproliferative effects were compared to those of free juglone on HeLa cells. The calculated IC50 values for free juglone and JNPs were 17.07 µM and 20.64 µM, respectively. Both formulations exhibited comparable dose-dependent antiproliferative effects across the tested concentrations. However, the nanoparticle-based delivery system demonstrated enhanced apoptotic activity, as evidenced by increased caspase-3 activation and greater suppression of BCL-2 levels relative to free juglone. These findings were further corroborated by TUNEL and immunocytochemical analyses, which confirmed the superior apoptotic induction by the nanosystem. Collectively, the results highlight the potential advantages of PLGA-based nanoparticle systems for the delivery of juglone, thereby improving its water solubility-a key limiting factor for its use-while minimizing its toxicity. These findings offer a promising approach for its application as an effective anticancer agent via nanoparticle-based delivery.
Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. hasan.demirci@charite.de.
Juglone Encapsulation in PLGA Nanoparticles Improves Solubility and Enhances Apoptosis in HeLa Cells.

Eating problems are commonly reported as co-occurring conditions in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are also prevalent among typically developing (TD) children. While it has been shown that eating problems in TD children are influenced by social settings, this factor has not been extensively studied in children with ASD.This study compared the perspectives of parents and preschool teachers on the eating habits of both ASD and TD children. The study included children aged 29-81 months, 34 TD children, and 31 children diagnosed with ASD who attended special education preschool classes specifically designed for them.The findings revealed that parental and preschool teacher reports were generally consistent, but parents tended to report more severe eating problems for both groups of children. Thus, pointing to the impact of social settings on eating in ASD. Additionally, the reports indicated that eating problems were more severe in children with ASD compared to TD children.These findings underscore the significant influence of social settings on children's eating behavior. It is essential for education and treatment teams to recognize that eating habits may vary between home and preschool environments. They should be attentive to parents' concerns regarding their children's eating habits at home and provide appropriate support and guidance.
Department of Communication Disorders, Bruckner Center for Autism Research, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel. Ronitsa@ariel.ac.il.
Child Development Centers, Sharon District-Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Department of Communication Disorders, Bruckner Center for Autism Research, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Brief Report: Eating Habits and Social Setting: Comparing Children with Autism and Typically Developing Children.

This study investigated the mechanisms underlying disordered eating of autistic adults, by investigating associations between eating disorder (ED) symptoms and autistic traits; autism-specific atypical eating; alexithymia; interoception; and body image in autistic and non-autistic participants. Autistic adults (n = 196) and non-autistic adults (n = 206) completed online self-report measures assessing ED pathology, atypical eating, body image dissatisfaction, interoception, alexithymia, and autistic traits. Structural Equation Modelling tested a theoretical model of the relationships between these variables, and whether these relationships were moderated by autism diagnosis. Autistic adults self-reported higher ED pathology than non-autistic adults. The proposed model and the strength of the relationship between body image and ED pathology did not differ between the autistic and non-autistic groups. Atypical eating (not related to over-evaluation of weight/shape), however, was only associated with ED pathology in the autistic group. Both traditional and additional factors, including eating disturbances not driven by weight/shape concern, appear to contribute to ED pathology in autism.
NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, TW20, UK.
Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, TW20, UK. Rebecca.Brewer@rhul.ac.uk.
The Relationship Between Interoception, Alexithymia, Autistic Traits and Eating Pathology in Autistic Adults.

Autistic youth are at significant risk of experiencing a mental health crisis. Unfortunately, most clinical approaches to crisis management, such as referral to the emergency department, can be traumatic. At present, no crisis prevention programs have been developed for or rigorously tested among autistic youth. The goals of this study were to develop a parent-mediated mental health crisis prevention program, delivered virtually by a licensed clinician over three 1-h sessions, and test its efficacy via a randomized controlled trial. The trial included 49 autistic youth, ages 3 to 12 years, and their parents, who were recruited from an outpatient autism center. All children had behavioral concerns but were not at acute risk of crisis. Parents in the crisis prevention program (n = 25) reported that the strategies were safe and feasible; they were also very satisfied with the program. Compared to active controls (n = 24), who received the Autism Speaks Challenging Behavior Toolkit, the crisis prevention program was found to have greater improvements in caregiver-reported knowledge, confidence, and preparedness regarding management of crisis behaviors (p < .05). However, effects on caregiver-reported child irritability and behavioral acuity did not differ (p > .05). The brief crisis prevention program is safe, feasible, and acceptable to parents. While it improves mental health crisis preparedness, further research on its efficacy in reducing crisis risk is needed.
Center for Autism Services, Science and Innovation, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 3901 Greenspring Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21211, USA. kalb@kennedykrieger.org.Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. kalb@kennedykrieger.org.
Center for Autism Services, Science and Innovation, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 3901 Greenspring Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21211, USA.
Center for Autism Services, Science and Innovation, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 3901 Greenspring Avenue, Baltimore, MD, 21211, USA.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
A Pilot Randomized Trial of a Brief Mental Health Crisis Prevention Program for Autistic Youth.

The extent to which autistic students are provided with autonomy-support, structure and involvement during the teacher-student interaction has been under-researched. Few studies have focused on autistic secondary school students and even fewer have used observations to analyze their interactions. In this research, we aimed to understand the interaction dynamics between autistic students and their teachers in the Netherlands and Mexico; two countries committed to inclusive education. Six teacher-student dyads from five mainstream secondary schools in the Netherlands and seven teacher-student dyads from one school in Mexico participated. We used a fine-grained observational method to describe the classroom interactions, systematically coded from the lens of Self-Determination Theory. To study the interaction as a whole and co-occurring teacher and student behaviors (rather than breaking it down into separate parts), we used State Space Grids. Teacher-student interactions varied widely. In general, Dutch and Mexican teachers provided much structure in the classroom, which (in many cases) coincided with the active engagement of autistic students. At the same time, autistic students in both countries received little autonomy-support. However, when these students received autonomy-support, they responded with more engagement. In contrast, both engaged and disengaged student behaviors occurred when the teacher showed involvement. The desired patterns of interaction were not observed in all teacher-student pairs. Our findings indicate that teachers in both countries are missing opportunities to be autonomy-supportive. This contextual factor was minimally observed in the teacher-student interactions, particularly when compared to the levels of structure and involvement provided during lessons.
Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, 9712 TS, The Netherlands. m.f.esqueda.villegas@rug.nl.
Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, 9712 TS, The Netherlands.
Department of Integral Postgraduate Studies in Social Sciences, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Studies in Social Sciences, University of Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas J, Av. Rosales and Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, Mexico.
Teacher-Student Interactions of Autistic Adolescents: Relationships between Teacher Autonomy Support, Structure, Involvement and Student Engagement.

Refractory esophageal stenosis (RES) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is challenging in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate endoscopic radial incision (ERI) combined with the local injection of triamcinolone acetonide for RES and to assess its safety and efficacy. A total of nine patients (five males; age range: 50-76 years) who underwent ERI + triamcinolone acetonide for RES after ESD between August 2019 and November 2022 were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the duration of treatment. The length of the stenosed portion, procedure time, sessions of endoscopic therapy, effectiveness rate, success rate, dysphagia grade, complications, and quality of scores were also analyzed. The effectiveness and success rates were 100% and 88.9%, respectively. The mean number of sessions of ERI + triamcinolone acetonide was 2.2 (1.0-4.0). The mean procedure time was 25.9 ± 3.8 min. No severe complications, including bleeding or perforation, were observed during the perioperative period. Dysphagia symptoms were relieved in all patients after endoscopic treatment. Patients had significantly better functional scales for social functioning and global health status and lower rates of fatigue, gastrointestinal symptoms, and financial difficulties after treatment. ERI + triamcinolone acetonide can be considered a safe and effective treatment for RES after ESD. Larger prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm its utility.
© 2025. Italian Society of Surgery (SIC).
Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Department of Endoscopic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. wangguiq@126.com.
Endoscopic radial incision combined with local injection of triamcinolone acetonide for refractory esophageal stenosis after endoscopy submucosal dissection.

To evaluate the safety profile of using tutoplast-processed fascia lata (TPFL) as a graft material in patients undergoing both primary and revision rhinoplasty.PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched. Eligible studies were evaluated for bias using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) assessment tool for cohort studies. Our safety outcomes included the incidence of graft resorption, infection, graft displacement, dorsal irregularity, overcorrected dorsal augmentation, and revision rates. Data were pooled as event rate (%) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using STATA software.Nine studies, comprising 827 patients, were included. Eight studies were evaluated with a low risk of bias, and one study had a moderate risk of bias. The pooled proportion analysis demonstrated a low graft resorption rate (event rate = 2.64%, 95% CI [0.69%, 5.62%]), infection rate (event rate = 0.30%, 95% CI [0.02%, 0.83%]), dorsal irregularity rate (event rate = 0.96%, 95% CI [0.09%, 2.51%]), graft displacement rate (event rate = 0.45%, 95% CI [0.07%, 1.12%]), overcorrected dorsal augmentation rate (event rate = 1.29%, 95% CI [0.39%, 2.65%]), and revision rate (event rate = 3.99%, 95% CI [1.82%, 6.90%]).This meta-analysis of 827 patients demonstrated that TPFL has a favorable safety profile in both primary and revision rhinoplasty, with low complication and revision rates. TPFL, whether used alone or in combination with cartilage, is a viable graft option for dorsal augmentation and enhancing nasal dorsum contour.This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
© 2025. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery, Lothan Hospital, Salmiya, Kuwait.
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations (KIMS), Kuwait City, Kuwait. Ebraheemalbazee@gmail.com.
Safety of Using Tutoplast-Processed Fascia Lata in Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lower pole constricted breasts, part of the spectrum of tuberous breast deformities, significantly impact patients' self-esteem and body image. To address the complexity and variety of clinical presentation of this type of deformity, a wide assortment of different surgical approaches has been proposed. The authors sought to determine the effectiveness of high-cohesivity silicone gel texturized anatomical implants in correcting lower pole constricted breast, emphasizing implant choice and the role of implant features on patient outcomes.The study retrospectively analyzed data from 468 Caucasian female patients treated from March 2009 to July 2022 for type I and II tuberous breast deformities. Surgical correction involved the use of extensive radial and horizontal scoring to release lower pole strictures and high-cohesiveness microtextured anatomical implants placement in a subfascial pocket. Major and minor complications during the follow-up were recorded.Implant volume ranged from 260cc to 495cc with an average of 345cc. We report minimal major complications (Baker grade III-IV capsular contracture 4.2%, implant rotation 1.4%) within a mean follow-up time of 60 months. Further implant-related complications including bottoming out, double-bubble deformity, and wrinkling were not observed.The selected surgical approach for correcting lower pole constricted breasts using high-cohesivity silicone gel texturized anatomical implants proves to be effective, offering predictable and satisfying outcomes for patients. The surgical approach, combining anatomical implant characteristics with precise lower pole expansion techniques, yielded stable, esthetically pleasing results that positively impacted patients' quality of life.This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Medicinaplasticaroma Center, Plastic Surgery, Via Clitunno 22, 00198, Rome, Italy.
Department of Breast Surgery, IFO - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy. amedeo.villanucci@gmail.com.
Akademikliniken, Storängsvägen, 1011541, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, IFO - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Constricted Lower Pole Breast Correction with High-Cohesivity Silicone Gel Anatomical Implant: Results from a 13-Year Single-Surgeon Experience.

Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA. gxa338@students.jefferson.edu.
Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry
The Value of Psychodynamic Play Techniques on the Pediatric Consultation-Liaison Service.

Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.Department of Msedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2025-02;34(2):e70096.
Advancing Research Transparency and Reproducibility in Pharmacoepidemiology.

To assess the influence of tooth stained with different colored solutions on the cytotoxicity of a 35% H2O2-bleaching gel.The established groups were (n = 8): NC- without treatment (negative control); PC- 35% H2O2 (positive control); CO- coffee + 35% H2O2; BT- black tea + 35% H2O2; WI- wine + 35% H2O2; COBTWI- coffee/black tea/wine + 35% H2O2. Standardized enamel/dentin disks were submitted to staining protocols, adapted to artificial pulp chambers, and bleaching was performed. The chromatic alterations (ΔE00, ΔWID) were assessed after bleaching and the extracts (culture medium + diffused gel components) were collected and applied to odontoblast-like cells. The amount of diffused H2O2, cell viability, and oxidative stress were evaluated and data were submitted to ANOVA/Tukey; p < 0.05).Thirty five% H2O2 effectively bleached the stained specimens, regardless of the staining solution used (CO, BT, WI, and COBTWI), and no differences were found among the stained protocols (p > 0.05). All staining protocols reduced H2O2 trans-amelodentinal diffusion (p > 0.05), decreasing bleaching cytotoxicity in comparison to PC (p < 0.05).Irrespective of the nature of the pigment used for staining enamel and dentin, the gel with 35% H2O2 effectively bleached the tooth structure. The presence of pigments in both dental tissues, regardless their nature, reduced the trans-amelodentinal diffusion of H₂O₂ and consequently the cytotoxicity of the bleaching gel.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Society of The Nippon Dental University.
Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil. cas.costa@unesp.br.
Can pigments of different natures interfere with the cytotoxicity from in-office bleaching?

Graduate medical education is a critical period for fostering self-directed learning (SDL). This study introduced an academic coaching program to support SDL among internal medicine (IM) residents, leveraging Gallimore and Tharp's four-stage model as a scaffolding framework.To assess the impact of academic coaching on residents' performance, including Internal Medicine In-Training Examination (IM-ITE) scores, individualized learning plans (ILPs), and attitudinal changes. The study also explored how coaching influenced SDL within the residency program.A mixed-methods case study was conducted in a mid-sized university's IM residency program. Quantitative measures included pre- and post-coaching surveys, ILP analysis, and IM-ITE score evaluation. Semi-structured interviews provided qualitative insights into participant experiences. Of 77 eligible residents, 40 enrolled in the coaching program, and 27 (18 post-graduate year (PGY) 1 and PGY2) completed at least one session. Baseline IM-ITE scores guided enrollment for mandatory participants.Of the 77 residents, 51 had complete IM-ITE data and individualized learning plans (ILPs) from 2022 and 2023. Residents attending one coaching session demonstrated significant improvement in IM-ITE percentile scores (p = .022), while those with two or more sessions showed significant gains in both percent correct (p = .015) and percentile scores (p = .003). No significant differences were observed in ILPs or attitudinal surveys. Qualitative analyses of resident participant interviews highlight coaching's positive influence on SDL, organized into input, process, and output domains.Sustained coaching, defined as two or more coaching meetings, is associated with improved IM-ITE performance. Qualitative findings underscore the program's role in enhancing residents' SDL.
© 2025. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
Wright Patterson Medical Center, Wright Patterson AFB, OH, USA. Kathryn.burtson@gmail.com.Department of Internal Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA. Kathryn.burtson@gmail.com.Department of Health Profession Education, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA. Kathryn.burtson@gmail.com.
Wright Patterson Medical Center, Wright Patterson AFB, OH, USA.Department of Internal Medicine, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.Department of Health Profession Education, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Department of Health Profession Education, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
Department of Health Profession Education, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Academic Coaching to Promote Self-Directed Learning in Graduate Medical Education.

Assess heart rate (HR) trends in the minutes following delivery in late preterm infants 34-36 6/7 weeks with spontaneous respirations and compare trends in infants with delayed transition requiring interventions and assess the direct potential impact of these interventions on HR changes.Prospective observational single center study in 20 late preterm infants born via cesarean section utilizing the NeoBeat which uses dry electrode technology to obtain blinded HR measures in infants with spontaneous respirations versus infants requiring interventions i.e.: positive pressure ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure or suctioning.Initial HR in spontaneously breathing infants (n = 8) was higher versus those requiring interventions, differences that persisted through five minutes. Iatrogenic bradycardia ranging from 65 to 90 beats/minute was induced by interventions in five(42%) of 12 infants.Initial HR in spontaneously breathing late preterm infants was significantly higher compared to infants who received interventions. Respiratory interventions induced sudden unanticipated bradycardia in many cases.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital New York, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Healthcare Policy & Research/Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology Weill Cornell Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital New York, New York, NY, USA. Jmp2007@med.cornell.edu.
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
Immediate heart rate changes in late preterm infants receiving resuscitation in the delivery room.

Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital airway anomaly causing breathing difficulties in infants. Severe laryngomalacia is often associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).We re-evaluated 14-year pediatric sleep center polysomnography (PSG) data in infants with fluoroscopy-verified laryngomalacia.The study included 79 infants, with a median corrected age of 8 weeks (interquartile range, IQR 5-13) and a laryngomalacia clinical score of 10/14 (IQR 7-11). Most (78%) PSG studies were daytime studies. In PSG, laryngomalacia-related breathing difficulty appeared as a sleep stage and position-dependent OSA with laborious breathing. PSG allowed position comparison in 69 infants. In the supine sleeping position, a median obstructive apnea and hypopnea-index (OAHI) was 22 h-1 (IQR 10-50) compared with 7 h-1 (IQR 1-26) in the side sleeping position (p < 0.0001). In the supine, breathing was also more laborious, and end-tidal carbon dioxide 99th percentile levels were higher than in the side sleeping position (p < 0.0001). The degree of OSA (OAHI) showed only a weak correlation with the laryngoscopy severity score (R2 0.10, p = 0.005).In infant laryngomalacia, the degree of upper airway obstruction is frequently more severe in the supine than in the side sleeping position. However, some variability remains in the response.Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital airway anomaly causing breathing difficulties in infants. Obstructive breathing events and obstructive sleep apnea are common in severe laryngomalacia even though the stridor often diminishes or resolves during sleep. We observed that in young infants with laryngomalacia, the appearance of upper airway obstruction is both sleep position and sleep-stage dependent. Compared to the supine sleeping position, the side sleeping position reduced the frequency of obstructive events and breathing effort, and lowered end-tidal carbon dioxide 99th percentile levels.
Department of Pediatrics, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. turkka.kirjavainen@hus.fi.Pediatric Research Center, New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. turkka.kirjavainen@hus.fi.Children's Hospital Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Neurological Sciences, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. turkka.kirjavainen@hus.fi.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Pediatrics, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.Pediatric Research Center, New Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Upper airway obstruction during sleep in infants with laryngomalacia is frequently sleep-position-dependent.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening is vital for early disease detection in very premature infants but can cause physiological instability. This study compares the physiological response to binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO) with indentation and non-contact ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal imaging in non-ventilated neonates. The impact of the Dandle WRAP, a specialised swaddling aid, on UWF imaging was also assessed.This retrospective study included 86 ROP screening events in 66 non-ventilated infants aged 35.3 weeks (range 30.6-44.6). Vital signs were continuously recorded, evaluating immediate (within 15 min) and longer-term (within 12 h) physiological responses.ROP screening significantly increased heart and respiratory rates and decreased oxygen saturation within 15 min of screening. No significant differences in physiological responses were found between BIO and UWF imaging, although there was a trend towards lower maximum heart rate with UWF imaging. The Dandle WRAP did not significantly alter physiological responses but improved the ease and speed of UWF imaging.UWF imaging does not increase physiological instability compared to BIO in non-ventilated infants. Specialised swaddling aids may facilitate the imaging procedure.ROP screening can be distressing for premature infants and induce physiological instability during and after the examination. We deployed non-contact ultra-widefield retinal imaging as the default method of ROP screening and show that it induces comparable physiological responses as traditional indirect ophthalmoscopy in non-ventilated babies. Dandle WRAP swaddling facilitated handling and speed of retinal imaging. The study demonstrates that imaging-based ROP screening is safe and efficacious in non-ventilated neonates, and continuous multimodal physiological recordings can provide detailed assessment of the effects of procedures and medications.
Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Newborn Care Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. caroline.hartley@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk.
Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. Kanmin.xue@eye.ox.ac.uk.Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Kanmin.xue@eye.ox.ac.uk.Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Kanmin.xue@eye.ox.ac.uk.
Physiological responses to retinopathy of prematurity screening: indirect ophthalmoscopy versus ultra-widefield retinal imaging.

Furosemide increases renal prostaglandin synthesis and animal studies show reopening of the ductus arteriosus in rats exposed to furosemide. Nevertheless, large cohort studies in preterm infants do not support this hypothesis. Bartter syndrome, a rare genetic renal disorder with excessive fluid and salt-loss, is similar to continuous furosemide exposure. We hypothesize that Bartter syndrome could be considered as a natural experiment. Although most infants with Bartter syndrome are born prematurely, there are no cases found in literature with a patent ductus arteriosus which suggest that the contribution of furosemide to (re)opening of the ductus arteriosus in humans might be negligible.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.
Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology Internal postal code 804, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. tim.hundscheid@radboudumc.nl.
Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Nephrology Internal postal code 804, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology Internal postal code 804, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Bartter syndrome as natural experiment if furosemide (re)opens the ductus arteriosus.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China. yehuijing@qq.com.
Orbital metastasis from uterine leiomyosarcoma with intracranial extension.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Nord, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France. pramtohul@me.com.
Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Nord, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
Mud-splattered pattern of retinal pigmentation in carrier of ocular albinism type 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. yaobamtao_njmu@163.com.
Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China. 627753749@qq.com.
Vitreous haemorrhage and retinal detachment secondary to acupoint BL1 acupuncture.

Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India. arv_198290@yahoo.com.
Department of Ophthalmology, Command Hospital, (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, Military Hospital, Panagarh, India.
Vitreoretina and uvea services, Eye7 hospital, New delhi, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
Fibrinous central serous chorioretinopathy with inferior bullous exudative retinal detachment: management using 532 nm micropulse subthreshold laser.

Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan parasite responsible for Chagas disease affecting millions globally. This parasite infects mammalian host cells, particularly macrophages. The interaction between T. cruzi and macrophages involves intricate signaling pathways mediated by pattern recognition receptors, which lead to the production of immune mediators, that are parasite-strain dependent and not completely understood.We conducted an unbiased transcriptomic analysis of the immune response in mouse macrophages 24 h post-infection with the Y strain of T. cruzi using RNA-Seq and validated and compared the results using quantitative RT-PCR in macrophages infected with the Y and the VFRA T. cruzi strains.Bioinformatics analysis of the transcriptomics results evidenced a key role of Tlr2 and Tlr7 in the immune response against the parasite that was parasite-dependent. The Tlr2 signaling was more activated with the VFRA strain and the Tlr7 with the Y strain. Gene ontology analyses predicted a blockage in iron transport mediated by clathrin and the modulation of the extracellular matrix biosynthesis which were validated by RT-qPCR. The infection with the VFRA strain provoked the inhibition of ferritin which correlates with parasite proliferation.Our study recapitulates the knowledge on the response of macrophages and provides insights on the importance of TLR2 and TLR7, the iron metabolism, and the extracellular matrix in the infected macrophage that help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying T. cruzi infection in macrophages in strains with different virulence. These findings are crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets and advancing strategies to combat Chagas disease.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.Tecnológico de Monterrey, (ITESM - PUE) Ciudad: Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
RNA-Seq analysis in macrophages infected with Trypanosoma cruzi: focus on TLR2 and TLR7, iron metabolism, and extracellular matrix biosynthesis.

School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Academic Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.CADE Clinic and Mood-T, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
Academic Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.CADE Clinic and Mood-T, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.Faculty of Philosophy, Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Workshopping Depression to Effect Better Recognition.

Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Division of Dental Public Health Program, University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
Leveraging Virtual Reality for Smart Content Delivery in a Special Needs Dental Clinic Curriculum.

To evaluate the longevity of terminal abutment teeth retaining maxillary obturator prostheses.This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent maxillectomy followed by delivery of definitive obturator prostheses between 1994 and 2020. Details on patient demographics, primary tumor, and radiation therapy were collected. The tooth closest to the defect was identified as the terminal abutment, and information such as tooth type, condition of tooth at the time of maxillectomy, Aramany classification, and cause of abutment loss were noted from the dental charts. Survival time of the terminal abutment tooth was calculated from the date of maxillectomy to the last dental follow-up visit or the date of abutment loss. Univariate analyses were performed to test for the association between survival time and each of the four covariates.In the 26-year study period, 148 teeth in 130 patients met the inclusion criteria. Ninety-eight (66.2%) terminal abutment teeth survived, and 50 (33.8%) were lost. Squamous cell carcinoma was the leading tumor diagnosis (51%). Aramany Class II was the most predominant arch configuration (51%). The majority of the terminal abutment teeth were maxillary incisors (43%). The chief cause of terminal abutment loss was bone loss and mobility (46%). The 10-year survival probability was 65%. Radiation therapy did not statistically contribute to terminal abutment loss. Terminal abutment teeth with dental treatment showed higher failure than those without any prior treatment or dental disease.Clinicians must be aware of the various factors affecting the survival of terminal abutment teeth which can ultimately affect the success of the maxillary obturator prostheses.
© 2025 by the American College of Prosthodontists.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
Longevity of terminal abutment teeth retaining maxillary obturator prostheses.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with diverse cognitive deficits of which problems related to memory and learning are well-established but poorly understood. In an online experiment, we studied whether verbal memory impairment in adult ADHD is related to differences in spontaneous use of memory strategies that hinge upon metacognitive and executive skills. Eighty-one ADHD adults and 209 neurotypical controls performed a Word List Learning task where the same words were presented three times, each time coupled with an open strategy report. Bayesian analyses indicated that the ADHD group recalled less words, did not differ from controls in efficacy of strategy use, but exhibited more limited strategy use than the controls. This suggests that less versatile strategy employment, possibly related to core executive deficits, may play a role in verbal memory impairment in adults with ADHD. Concerning treatment implications, future research could probe to what extent external strategy instruction might increase the versatility of mnemonic strategy use in adult ADHD, and thereby partly compensate for their verbal memory deficits.
© 2025 The British Psychological Society.
Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Unit of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
The role of spontaneous strategy use in verbal episodic memory impairment in adult ADHD.

This study evaluated SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts on clinical characteristics, antibody levels, and immune responses in 100 malignant hematological tumor patients. Laboratory assessments included hematological, biochemical, and inflammatory markers. Multivariable analysis identified age (OR = 1.56, p = 0.004), chemotherapy cycles (OR = 1.86, p < 0.001), comorbidities (OR = 3.15, p = 0.015), WBC count (OR = 1.79, p = 0.016), CRP (OR = 2.07, p = 0.007), ferritin (OR = 1.22, p = 0.035), IL-6 (OR = 1.59, p = 0.001), IgG (OR = 2.28, p = 0.037), CD8+ T cells (OR = 2.97, p = 0.005), and NK cells (OR = 0.80, p = 0.019) as COVID-19 risk factors. COVID-19 patients showed significantly higher hospitalization (30.77% vs 10.42%, p = 0.007), ICU admission (23.08% vs 6.25%, p = 0.019), and lower 1-year survival (59.62% vs 87.50%, p = 0.002) versus controls. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces hematological/immune alterations and worsens clinical outcomes in hematological malignancy patients, emphasizing their heightened vulnerability.
Department of Hematology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China.
Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on clinical characteristics, antibody levels, and immune responses in patients with malignant hematological tumors.

Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.
Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.The Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health (Forensicare), Fairfield, Australia.Institute Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The Natural Progression for Nursing Practice: Competency-Based Frameworks to Entrustable Professional Activities .

Early extubation after liver transplantation can decrease cost and intensive care unit lengths of stay, but its adoption remains limited because of safety concerns. We assessed the feasibility and safety of early extubation at a liver transplant center with a high early extubation rate. We analyzed subgroups of high-risk patients, including high model for end-stage liver disease-sodium (MELD-Na) score, high intraoperative blood loss, and patients undergoing simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation.We included all adult liver transplantations performed at a single center between June 2012 and July 2022. Patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) those extubated early (ie, in the operating room or within the first hour of intensive care unit admission) and (2) those who underwent delayed extubation. The primary outcome was reintubation within 48 h after early extubation. Rates of early extubation were analyzed separately for quartiles of MELD-Na score and intraoperative blood loss.Of 1555 patients, 969 (62%) were extubated early. Of these, 31 patients (3.2%) required mechanical ventilation within 48 h postoperatively: 11 patients (1.1%) were reintubated for respiratory failure and 20 (2.1%) remained intubated after reoperation. There was no difference in postoperative pneumonia between the groups (P = 0.059). Early extubation rates inversely correlated with the quartiles of MELD-Na score and estimated blood loss. In the highest quartile for MELD-Na (>34) and estimated blood loss (>5 L), 34% of patients were extubated early.Early extubation of properly selected patients after liver transplantation is safe and associated with a low rate of reintubation, even among select groups of high-risk patients.
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.Division of General Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.Department of Anesthesiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.Dipartimento di Emergenza, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXII, Urgenza e Area Critica, Bergamo, Italy.
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Safety and Feasibility of Early Extubation in Liver Transplantation: Experience in 1555 Patients.

Psychedelics have the potential to induce profound alterations in cognition, emotionality, and sensory perception. The quality and intensity of these subjective effects exhibit high intra- and inter-individual variability, which can potentially be accounted for by the variability in contexts in which psychedelics are used. Therefore, the aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate how internal and external contextual factors are related to the subjective intensity of psychedelic-induced ego dissolution experiences. Participants completed an online survey in which they reported their motivations for past use of psychedelic substances, and the frequency of use in different environments and social contexts. Additionally, participants completed the Ego Dissolution Inventory to evaluate the intensity of past ego dissolution experiences. Robust linear regression analysis was performed on data from 862 psychedelics users (701 had used LSD and 553 had used psilocybin mushrooms); this revealed that participants consuming psychedelics for spiritual or self-healing purposes reported more intense, while those motivated by curiosity reported less intense ego dissolution experiences. However, the social context and physical environment did not exhibit robust associations with the reported ego dissolution. Therefore, our study enhances understanding of how set and setting factors relate to psychedelic-induced ego dissolution experiences in naturalistic contexts.
Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Centre for Brain Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Centre for Brain Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.Doctoral School in the Social Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Setting the Stage for the Inner Journey: Unraveling the Interplay of Contextual Factors and the Intensity of Psychedelic-Induced Ego Dissolution.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

To search for key drug resistance biomarkers and potential chemotherapeutic agents for combination therapy in melanoma patients. The common up-regulated differentially expressed genes were acquired from two cohort studies, GSE91061 and PRJEB23709. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression survival analyses were performed to screen for important prognostic biomarkers. A multi-gene panel including APP, ARHGAP42, GSTA4 and UCHL1, not only plays an important role in prognostic indicators, but also in predicting the probability of resistance to anti-PD-1 in patients with melanoma. Chemotherapy drug response models found five potential drugs, including all-trans retinoic acid, doxorubicin, etoposide, methotrexate and MG-132, were significantly associated with target genes in gene-panel. Molecular docking confirmed that potential drugs have good binding ability to target genes APP, GSTA4 and UCHL1, suggesting that the multi-gene panel is expected to provide assistance for drug resistance prediction and prognosis assessment and combination therapy in patients with anti-PD-1 resistant melanoma.
Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Department of Dermatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.
The gene-panel obtained by anti-PD-1 monotherapy for melanoma reveals prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koga Red Cross Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.Medical Examination Center, Ibaraki Western Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan.
The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
Response to Letter to Human-written versus ChatGPT-generated case reports .

Anaesthesiology and DED, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
Department of Medical Education, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi.
CHS and DED, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
Faculty development programmes: Essential for empowering health professional educators to blend AI in medical education.

Nutrients are substances used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce. Social used in relation to companionship and society. In this opinion piece, we propose and propound a novel concept, Socionutrition, and discuss the science of socionutrients, socionutrient triggers and modifiers, as well as socionutrient abuse. We discuss these parameters in relation to health and explore their relevance to disease prevention and management.
Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India; University Center for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, AIIMS, Bathinda, India.
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; Non-communicable disease unit, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Socionutrition: The science of socionutrients.

Wah Medical College, Wah Cantonment, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Department of Physiotherapy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Withholding diagnostic and prognostic information from patients in Pakistan: ethical and cultural perspectives.

Department of Medicine, Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Toripalimab: A new age in fighting Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
4th Year MBBS Student, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.

Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Preoperative risk assessment scores for Difficult Laparoscopic cholecystectomydo we need them in Pakistan?

Concerns and Considerations Regarding Azithromycin Use by Physicians.

Third Year MBBS Student, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Use of metformin in treatment of dengue fever.

Wah Medical College, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
3rd Year MBBS Student, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
3rd Year MBBS Student, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Making semaglutide accessible in Pakistan: A crucial step for heart failure treatment.

Final Year MBBS Student, Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) can solve three problems for Pakistan.

3rd Year MBBS Student, Bahria University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
More than just a broken limb: Unmasking CRPS in Pakistan.

4th Year MBBS Student, Allama Iqbal Medical College Affiliated with University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College Affiliated with University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Waiting areas in tertiary-care hospitals in Pakistan, a major risk for airborne infections.

4th Year MBBS Student, CMH Lahore Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
CMH Lahore Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Optimizing iron absorption: Superiority of alternate day dosing.

Second Year MBBS Student, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Cost-Related medication non-adherence in Pakistan: a pervasive public health challenge.

3rd Year MBBS Student, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Capvaxive (V116): A new frontier in the prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive disease.

1st Year MBBS Student, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
The Crucial Role of Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Health.

Final Year MBBS Student, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan.
Misuse of sedative hypnotics: A call to awareness.

The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and ovarian metastasis is extremely poor, with many studies reporting survival durations within 1-2 years after diagnosis. The patient in this study was a 64-year-old female who visited a local hospital with lower abdominal pain and was referred to our hospital's gynecology department for follow-up of uterine fibroids. MRI revealed a right ovarian tumor and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed gastric cancer in the upper stomach. A total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was performed, and the pathological examination revealed that gastric cancer had metastasized to the uterus and right ovary. After SOX therapy, laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-flap reconstruction was performed. Postoperative pathological diagnosis was U, Ant, pType 5, 38×21 mm, por-tub, ypT4a(SE), Ly1b, V0(VB), ypPM0, ypDM0, ypN0, P0, CY0, H0, M1(OTH), ypStage Ⅳ, R0. Two years and 10 months have passed since the surgery, and there have been no signs of recurrence. In this patient, both the ovarian metastasis and primary gastric lesion were completely resected, and chemotherapy was effective, resulting in a good prognosis. Considering that gastrectomy reduces chemotherapy tolerability, the timing of gastrectomy should be considered. In addition, avoiding total gastrectomy is important for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.
Dept. of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center.
Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy
[A Case of Gastric Cancer Diagnosed from Ovarian Metastasis and Underwent Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy].

The patient is a 66-year-old man. He came to the hospital for chest and back pain, and a CT scan of the chest and abdomen showed the pancreatic tail cancer and multiple lung and liver metastases. Systemic chemotherapy was performed, but during the course of the treatment, he had difficulty in speaking, and a head MRI scan was performed, which led to suspicion of brain metastasis of pancreatic cancer. At this point, the primary tumor and lung liver metastases were well controlled by chemotherapy, so brain tumor resection was performed. Postoperatively, the patient had slight residual aphasia, tinnitus, and mild hearing loss, but the patient did not develop any other symptoms. After that, multiple bone metastases were discovered, and from then on, the patient received mainly palliative care, and died from the underlying disease 57 months after the initial diagnosis and 20 months after brain tumor surgery. No intracerebral recurrence was observed during the course of treatment. Pancreatic cancer with brain metastasis is rare, no treatment has been established, and its prognosis is extremely poor. Surgical resection of metastatic brain tumors in pancreatic cancer may improve the prognosis when the primary tumor and other metastases are well controlled.
Dept. of Surgery, Shinyukuhashi Hospital.
[A Case of Resection of Brain Metastasis from Pancreatic Tail Cancer with Multiple Lung and Liver Metastases].

Despite fulfilling all requirements for donor blood units as defined by the FDA, a number of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are transfused with red blood cell (RBC) units that are near the end of their storage life, exposing them to the potentially adverse components of the red cell storage lesion. Due to their chronically inflamed state, patients with SCD may be particularly susceptible to these components. We present here a pilot study protocol for testing the impact of fresh vs older red cell units in chronically transfused adults with SCD.This is a randomized, prospective, clinical trial. We aimed to recruit forty chronically transfused adults or adolescents with SCD who receive regular RBC transfusions for their clinical care and randomize these patients to receive either units greater than or equal to 30 days, or units less than or equal to 10 days for 3 consecutive outpatient transfusion events.The primary endpoint is the metabolic differences identified between units transfused that are greater than or equal to 30 days, and those units less than or equal to 10 days. The secondary endpoint evaluates the change in blood monocyte activation at 2 hours after transfusion between the two groups. Lastly, weevaluate unit RBC efficacy via changes in hemoglobin/day, hemoglobin A%/day, hospitalization rate, pain scores, and infections as documented via blood and urine cultures.This study promises to provide evidence as to whether metabolically older red cell units affect the quality and efficacy of chronic transfusion therapy for adults with SCD and has the potential to guide the need for future study on this important clinical issue.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Rerapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Division of Hematology and Blood Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America.
Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue
The impact of red cell storage age on transfused patients with sickle cell disease: protocol of a pilot randomized clinical trial to evaluate changes in inflammation and clinical transfusion efficacy.

Evans syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by simultaneous or sequential primary immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Despite the low incidence of Evans syndrome after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, its progression may threaten public health. This review offers an up-to-date summary of the works on the association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Evans syndrome to explore the pathogenic mechanisms, epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, diagnostic markers, and treatment strategies.We searched PubMed and Web of Science to identify articles that explored the relationship between COVID-19 and Evans syndrome. We collected and organized all reported cases of Evans syndrome following COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccination over the past 4 years and also expanded the search to examine other cases of post-infection Evans syndrome.Thirteen cases were included with an average age of 42 years of whom 12 survived and one died. Two cases were associated with pregnancy and four with vaccination, two involved epileptic seizures, and three had a history of autoimmune disease.Patients with Evans syndrome and exposure to SARS-CoV-2 have a potential risk of bleeding. This risk should prompt close monitoring of bleeding biomarker dynamics and early initiation of hemostatic treatments, including platelet transfusion, corticosteroids, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, intravenous immunoglobulin and rituximab.
Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Radiology, Ningjin County People's Hospital, Dezhou, China.
Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.Shandong Key Laboratory of Hematological Diseases and Immune Microenvironment, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Combination of Evans syndrome and COVID-19: a systematic review of reported cases.

Polysomnography is the only internationally recognized method to diagnose paediatric obstructive sleep apnea, thus, simpler and more cost-effective diagnostic tools are urgently needed. This study aimed to validate the manual scoring of frontal self-applicable electroencephalography against polysomnography in a paediatric cohort. The polysomnography and the frontal electroencephalography were simultaneously recorded for 1 night (n = 102) in 10-13-year-old children. Scoring was performed according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine rules, with minor adjustments to the frontal electroencephalography. Manual scorings of sleep stages were compared in an epoch-by-epoch manner using Cohen's kappa (κ) and confusion matrices using three different models: the three-stage (wake/non-rapid eye movement/rapid eye movement), the four-stage (wake/sleep stage 1 + sleep stage 2/deep sleep Stage 3/rapid eye movement) and the five-stage model (wake/sleep stage 1/sleep stage 2/deep sleep Stage 3/rapid eye movement). The inter-scorer agreements were assessed, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was used for common sleep variables: total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency, sleep-onset latency and arousal index. Cohen's κ values for the three-stage, four-stage and five-stage models were 0.85, 0.73 and 0.70, respectively. The agreement for the sleep variables studied ranged from 0.87 to 0.99. The inter-rater agreement (n = 10) was κ = 0.78 for the polysomnography and κ = 0.70 for the frontal electroencephalography. Sleep staging from the frontal electroencephalography was comparable to that of a standard polysomnography in a paediatric cohort, and showed promising results in estimating sleep time and sleep architecture.
© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.
Reykjavik University Sleep Institute, School of Technology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Immunology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Children's Hospital Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland.Department of Allergy, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Paediatric Department, Centre for Paediatric Sleep Disorders, General Hospital Celje, Celje, Slovenia.Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.
Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Reykjavik University Sleep Institute, School of Technology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.Internal Medicine Services, Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Validation of manually scored multichannel frontal electroencephalography against polysomnography in a paediatric cohort.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) in older patients with neurological gait disorder accompanied by various comorbidities.We included Individuals aged ≥65 years with degenerative brain diseases or stroke causing gait disorders for >6 months in open-label, a pilot study. RAGT was performed for 30 min/day, 2 days/week for 12 weeks. The intensity was set to 60% of the individual's heart rate maximum reserve. Primary outcome measures were the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Secondary outcomes included Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Short Form-36 (SF-36), and evaluation of satisfaction.Thirteen participants completed 24 sessions. Neurological diseases included stroke (n = 7) and Parkinson's disease (n = 6); all patients had at least two other diseases. After RAGT, TUG test results significantly improved, and BBS scores increased. Furthermore, BDI scores decreased, and scores of social functioning and mental health domain in the SF-36 increased. Participants rated high scores on satisfaction of RAGT.Our finding showed that RAGT is a safe and effective intervention for enhancing physical function, improving quality of life, and reducing depression levels in older patients with neurological gait disorder accompanied by various comorbidities.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea.Department of Integrative Medicine Major in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea.Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Older Patients with Comorbid Conditions: A Pilot Study.

Individual-level characteristics underlying population-level variation in glioma risk and outcomes remain incompletely understood. Cancer immunosurveillance, host immunity, and some immunotherapies center on the ability of an individual's immune cells to recognize antigen epitopes presented on MHC molecules. Inter-individual variation in HLA alleles can elicit distinct repertoires of tumor antigen for presentation to immune cells. Therefore, HLA alleles may impact glioma incidence and prognosis.HLA class I (HLA-I) alleles were identified using sequencing data from four large glioma cohorts and healthy cohorts, matched on ancestry, and race- and age-matched imputed cohorts developed by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were referred to determine odds ratio incidence estimated by logistic regression. HLA prognostication was quantified by Cox regression.We analyzed 1,215 cases of glioma patients from non-Hispanic Whites and Asians. The HLA-I allelic frequencies of gliomas generally corresponded to their distribution within each race. However, specific HLA-I alleles were significantly associated with glioma incidence and prognosis, which differ between races but were independent of age and sex. Notably, non-Hispanic White glioma patients exhibited greater HLA homozygosity rates compared with race-matched controls. HLA-C01:02 and HLA-C07:02 displayed opposing effects on glioma prognosis between races. The distinct effects were associated with their capability of presenting specific mutations that appeared at the initial or late phase of glioma progression.Expression of specific HLA-I alleles are associated with glioma incidence and prognosis within race. HLA-I-homozygosity is a risk factor for glioma in non-Hispanic Whites. These findings may guide development of precision-guided immunotherapies for glioma.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.Department of Neurology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Immuno-epidemiologic mapping of HLA diversity across glioma patient cohorts.

Clinical data on the efficacy and safety of the dual delayed-release formulation of 10-mg esomeprazole (HIP2101) are currently limited. Therefore, this study compared the efficacy and safety of HIP2101 and 20-mg famotidine (RLD2101) in patients with gastric erosions.In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-control, phase III study, 326 patients with endoscopically proven gastric mucosal erosion were randomly assigned to receive either HIP2101 or RLD2101 once daily for 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was the rate of improvement of erosion. Secondary endpoints (rate of cure of erosion and edema, and rate of improvement of hematin and gastrointestinal symptoms) and treatment-emergent adverse events were compared between the groups.Based on the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis, the improvement rates for erosion were 64.9% (98/151) and 63.7% (100/157) in the HIP2101 and RLD2101 groups, respectively (95% confidence interval, -9.5 to 11.9). The lower bound of the 95% confidence interval was greater than the noninferiority margin of -14%. These results were similar to those of the full analysis set (FAS) (HIP2101 group, 64.6%; RLD2101 group, 62.7%). Based on the PPS and FAS analyses, the cure rates for erosion and edema and the improvement rates for hematin and gastrointestinal symptoms were comparable between the groups. The number of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups.The efficacy and safety of HIP2101 were comparable to those of RLD2101 in the treatment of gastric erosions and symptomatic improvement. These findings suggest that HIP2101 may be a novel treatment option for gastritis (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05024721).
Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
Department of Gastroenterology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of a Dual Delayed-Release Formulation of 10-mg Esomeprazole in Patients with Gastric Erosions: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Control, Phase III Study.

To investigate the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in aqueous humor from ADAMTS10-mutant research Beagles at an early stage of open-angle glaucoma (OAG).Twenty-four research Beagles were enrolled into this case-controlled study. Three groups of ADAMTS10-mutant research Beagles were enrolled in this study: (1) Intraocular pressure (IOP) 15-25 mmHg (normotensive IOP), (2) IOP 25-30 mmHg, and (3) IOP 30-36 mmHg. An unaffected control group of Beagles that were either ADAMTS10-wildtype (WT) or heterozygote-carrier with normotensive IOPs were also enrolled.Aqueous humor samples were collected and analyzed for 16 pro-inflammatory cytokines using the Canine Cytokine SpikeMix and target mass spectrometry via multiple reaction monitoring (MRM-MS). Statistical differences between the four groups' pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as correlations between pro-inflammatory cytokines and IOPs, were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman's rho (ρ) correlations, respectively.IOP 15-25 mmHg (n = 8); IOP 25-30 mmHg (n = 6); IOP 30-36 mmHg (n = 5); and Control (WT n = 3, carrier n = 2, total n = 5). There were no differences between pro-inflammatory cytokines across the four groups (all p-values > 0.05). IL-13 had a moderate positive correlation with IOP, but was non-significant (ρ = 0.373, p = 0.073); IL-1β had a moderate negative correlation with IOP but was also non-significant (ρ = -0.344, p = 0.100). All other pro-inflammatory cytokines had only mild correlation with IOPs (|ρ| < 0.229, p > 0.05).There were no significant changes in the investigated pro-inflammatory cytokines with elevated IOP in canine ADAMTS10-OAG.
© 2025 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
KR Love Quantitative Consulting and Collaboration, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Aqueous Humor From ADAMTS10-Mutant Beagles at an Early Stage of Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Religiously Informed, Relationally Skillful Chaplaincy Theory (RIRSCT) (Ragsdale & Desjardins, 2020) is a chaplaincy theory positing that healthcare chaplains would be more helpful to patients and to members of the healthcare team if they were better versed in how patients' religious beliefs and practices impacted their healthcare experience. Changing the theory's name to Tradition-Aware Chaplaincy Theory expands the original theory to include spiritualities and secular belief systems not included in the term Religiously Informed.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
The journal of pastoral care & counseling : JPCC
Tradition-Aware Chaplaincy Theory (TACT): A Name Change for and Evolution of Religiously Informed, Relationally Skillful Chaplaincy Theory.

To improve the quality of physical function assessment through routine use of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx-D) in Danish ICUs.The methodological framework was The Model for Improvement, including the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle. The context consisted of two ICUs at Aarhus University Hospital with 38 beds. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older and considered stable and ready for physiotherapy treatment. Evaluation methods used were questionnaires, clinical practice observations, continuous feedback, status meetings, and an audit of the medical records including patients during a three-month period in the ICUs.The quality improvement process required three PDSA cycles and two years before CPAx-D was successfully implemented into clinical practice. The following barriers were identified; the COVID-19 pandemic increased workloads and caused reorganization of care; leave of absence of the project manager caused a lack of leadership; local instructions were not sufficiently aligned with practice; and detailed manuals were missing. A facilitator for implementation was the clinicians' perception of CPAx-D as a meaningful tool, adding value to interdisciplinary collaboration and communication, and stimulated patient motivation.By employing various interventions, routine use of CPAx-D has been successfully implemented into clinical practice at two Danish ICUs.
Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Early rehabilitation is crucial to reduce the physical consequences of intensive care admission.Routine use of standardized assessment instruments can support goal-setting, communication, and decision-making in rehabilitation of patients in the intensive care unit.This quality improvement study outlines the barriers and facilitators identified throughout the process of implementing routine use of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool.
Improving quality of physical function assessment in intensive care units through routine use of the Danish Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx-D).

The gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) modulates various brain functions, including neuron excitability, synaptic plasticity, and Ca2+ dynamics. Furthermore, H2S may stimulate nitric oxide (NO) release from cerebrovascular endothelial cells, thereby regulating NO-dependent endothelial functions, such as angiogenesis, vasorelaxation, and cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, the signaling pathway by which H2S induces NO release from cerebrovascular endothelial cells is still unclear.Herein, we exploited single-cell imaging of intracellular Ca2+, H2S, and NO levels to assess how H2S induces Ca2+-dependent NO release from the human cerebrovascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3.Administration of the H2S donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), induced a dose-dependent increase in (Ca2+)i only in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. NaHS-induced extracellular Ca2+ entry was mediated by the Ca2+-permeable TRPA1 channel, as shown by pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the TRPA1 protein. Furthermore, NaHS-dependent TRPA1 activation led to NO release that was abolished by buffering the concomitant increase in (Ca2+)i and inhibiting eNOS. Furthermore, the endothelial agonist, adenosine trisphosphate (ATP), caused a long-lasting elevation in (Ca2+)i that was driven by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-dependent H2S production and by TRPA1 activation. Consistent with this, ATP-induced NO release was strongly reduced either by blocking CSE or by inhibiting TRPA1.These findings demonstrate for the time that H2S stimulates TRPA1 to induce NO production in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Additionally, they show that this signaling pathway can be recruited by an endothelial agonist to modulate NO-dependent events at the human neurovascular unit.
Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.
Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology L. Spallanzani , University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences V. Tiberio , University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72410 Puebla, Mexico.
Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Mediates Hydrogen Sulfide-induced Ca2+ Entry and Nitric Oxide Production in Human Cerebrovascular Endothelium.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and circulating biomarkers in diabetes, with a focus on early detection and effective management strategies.A literature review was conducted using the ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases up to December 2024. Key search terms included diabetes, sarcopenia, HbA1c , glucose, insulin, and specific biomarkers such as inflammatory markers, adipokines, and myokines.Aging is associated with a decline in organ and bodily system functionality, with sarcopenia being particularly prominent due to its progressive loss of muscle mass and function. This condition increases health risks and mortality in the elderly. Muscles, as the primary consumers of glucose, play a crucial role in glucose uptake; reduced mass can exacerbate insulin resistance. Sarcopenia and diabetes share common pathophysiological mechanisms, including insulin resistance, inflammation, and vascular complications. Circulating biomarkers, crucial for diabetes management, may offer insights into the early stages of sarcopenia.The complex relationship between sarcopenia and diabetes, influenced by shared pathophysiological pathways, presents challenges in geriatric healthcare. Circulating biomarkers hold promise for early detection and monitoring of sarcopenia, potentially enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research is necessary to validate these connections and develop targeted treatments for individuals affected by these conditions.
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Circulating Biomarkers as a Window into the Relationship between Sarcopenia and Diabetes: Implications for Effective Management.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease primarily characterized by insufficient insulin secretion or reduced insulin sensitivity in the body's cells, leading to persistently high blood glucose levels. Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids, as important secondary metabolites of Ganoderma lucidum, have shown preliminary potential efficacy in the treatment of T2DM according to existing research. However, due to the structural complexity and diversity of these triterpenoid compounds, as well as the intricate interactions between their therapeutic targets and active ingredients, the precise molecular and pharmacological mechanisms remain to be further explored.In the present research, we aim to fully employ the integrated approach of network pharmacology and molecular docking methodologies, delving deeply into the potential therapeutic targets and their underlying pharmacological mechanisms in the management of T2DM via Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids.The active compounds were sourced from prior research and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Their potential targets were predicted with the aid of Swiss Target Prediction. Genes linked to T2DM were gathered from DisGeNET and GeneCards. Using Cytoscape, we established the network connecting active ingredients, targets, and pathways, and the target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created using data from the STRING database. The core targets of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids underwent gene enrichment analysis via DAVID. Lastly, to validate our chosen Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids, we conducted molecular docking experiments between the compounds and their targets.A total of 53 Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids and 116 associated targets were identified. Among these, SRC, MAPK1, MAPK3, HSP90AA1, TP53, PIK3CA, and AKT1 emerged as pivotal targets. We retrieved 447 Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotations and 153 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, notably including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Endocrine resistance, Rap1 signaling pathway, and Lipid and Atherosclerosis, which are known to be associated with T2DM. Our findings suggest that Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids may confer resistance to T2DM through mechanisms related to hyperexcitability, cell death, cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation.A comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and multi-technology approach has been established, which uncovers the collaborative effects and underlying principles of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids in the management and therapy of T2DM from a holistic perspective. This approach provides new insights into the development of novel biological control products for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and lays the foundation for future systematic studies on the interactions between Ganoderma triterpenes and different targets, elucidating their primary and secondary pathways for lowering blood glucose.
SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.MabPlex International Co., Ltd, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China.
Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Korea.
College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
Systems Pharmacology-based Drug Discovery and Active Mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum Triterpenoids for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Integrating Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

The investigation aimed to study the outcome of rosiridin in Parkinson's disease (PD) induced by rotenone (ROT) in rodents.Rodents were randomized into IV groups and were induced with ROT followed by treatment with rosiridin. Group I-IV received saline as a vehicle, II-ROT (0.5 mg/kg S.C) for 28 consecutive days, III and IV- rosiridin 10 and 20 mg/kg orally with ROT. On completion of the experimental duration, behavioral investigations were carried out. Biochemical variables such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), oxidative stress and antioxidants markers (Malondialdehyde-MDA, glutathione-GSH, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and catalase-CAT), anti-inflammatory (Interleukin-1 beta-IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha-TNF-α), alteration in neurotransmitters (Serotonin-5-HT), norepinephrine, and dopamine-DA, along with metabolites such as 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid-5- HIAA),), mitochondrial complex I, II, IV, and caspase-3 activity were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, molecular docking and dynamics were performed for target ligands.Rosiridin significantly restored the level of AChE, oxidative stress and antioxidants markers (MDA, GSH, SOD, and CAT), anti-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), alteration in neurotransmitters, mitochondrial complex I, II, IV, and caspase-3 activity. Rosiridin has a favorable negative binding affinity to AChE (-8.99 kcal/mol). The results of the molecular dynamics simulations indicate that proteins undergo a substantial change in conformational dynamics when binding to rosiridin.In this study, rosiridin may exhibit neuroprotective properties against the Parkinson's model for treating PD.
Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452 Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, India.
Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, India School of Pharmacy India.
Effects of a Rosiridin against Rotenone-induced Rats' Model of Parkinson's Disease: In-vivo Study and in silico Molecular Modeling.

Currently, there are pharmacological treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but these are ineffective. Quercetin is a flavonoid with antidiabetic properties.This research aimed to identify the molecular mechanism of Quercetin in T2D from network pharmacology.We obtained T2D-related genes from MalaCards and DisGeNET, while potential targets for Quercetin were sourced from SwissTargetPrediction and Comparative Toxicogenomics databases. The overlapping genes were identified and analyzed using ShinyGO 0.77. Subsequently, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network using Cytoscape, conducted molecular docking analyses with SwissDock, and validated the results through molecular dynamics simulation in GROMACS.Quercetin is involved in apoptotic processes and in the regulation of insulin activity, estrogen, prolactin and EGFR receptor. The key driver genes AKT1, GSK3B, SRC, IGF1R, MMP9, ESR2, PIK3R1, and MMP2 showed high concordance in the molecular docking study, and molecular dynamics showed stability between Quercetin and ESR2 and PIK3R1.Our work helps to identify the molecular mechanism and antidiabetic effect of quercetin, which needs to be studied experimentally.
Doctorado en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México.
Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlàn de Morelos, Jalisco, México.
Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas (ENCB) del Insituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN). Departamento de Morfología, Ciudad de México, México.
Departamento de Ciencias Pecuarias y Agricolas, Centro Universitario de Los Alto, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco México.
Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin in Type 2 Diabetes Based on a Network Pharmacology Study.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), known for its re-sistance to multiple antibiotics, has emerged as a major global health concern. It facilitates biofilm formation under stressful conditions by catalyzing the synthesis of alarmones (p)ppGpp and ppGpp. These alarmones on accumulation lead to biofilm formation and cause resistance towards antibiotics.This condition has prompted the exploration of various novel approaches and methodolo-gies to combat MRSA infections. Among these, peptide therapeutics stand out as a promising next-generation treatment option. In this study, ninety antimicrobial peptides were sourced from the anti-microbial peptide database and the other sixty-one peptide sequences were designed using the Pep-draw server. These peptide sequences were screened out using different in-silico tools. The protein-peptide molecular interaction was studied using a molecular docking and molecular dynamic simu-lation technique.Out of 151 peptide sequences, Pantocin wh-1 emerged as the most promising drug candidate. Both molecular interaction studies and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated positive re-sults.Peptide therapeutics is a novel approach researchers are presently exploring as it pro-vides prompt significant results and promotes a new insight towards dealing with conditions like MDR. Pantocin wh-1 is a peptide drug currently listed as an accessible anti-tuberculosis peptide, and this study suggests the repurposing of this drug as a viable treatment option for MRSA infections.
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, India.Birla Institute of Scientific Research, Jaipur, India.
Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2025-02-13;():.
In-silico Approach to Combat Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Targeting RelP Protein with Inhibitor Peptide to Mitigate Drug Resistance.

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are worrisome for their propensity to dissect. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of statin use, particularly with slowing aortic aneurysm growth. The aim of this meta-analysis was to consolidate existing research to ascertain if statins effectively reduce TAA growth.Multiple databases were searched to identify studies assessing TAA growth in patients on statins (cases) and those not on statins (controls). The primary outcome was TAA (ascending/ aortic arch) growth rate per year. Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with a random-effects model using the inverse-variance technique. We assigned I2>50% as an indicator of statistical heterogeneity. P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.25.0.Four studies comprising 757 cases (male 64%, mean age 65±14 years) and 1,696 controls (male 62%, mean age 61±18 years) were included. The baseline diameters of TAA for cases and controls were 40.35±8.75mm and 42.39±12.60mm, respectively. Pooled results suggested statins to be associated with slower growth of TAAs with pooled SMD -0.70 mm/year [95% CI (-1.23 - -0.16); p=0.01]. Heterogeneity statistics among 4 studies was 95%.This pooled meta-analysis showed statins as associated with slower growth of TAAs. However, given the heterogeneity of the included studies in this meta-analysis, results should be interpreted with caution.
Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Tucson, Tucson, Arizona.
Department of Cardiology, Honor Health, Phoenix, Arizona.
Slowing Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Growth with Statins: A Meta-Analysis.

In preterm infants, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most devastating complications seen in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), with both short- and long-term sequelae. Outcomes reported for mono- (versus di-) chorionic twins suggest an increased incidence in the monochorionic twins, usually attributed to abnormal placental vascular connections. Same sex concordance and zygosity data suggest shared genetic and environmental factors as important contributing factors to the pathogenesis of NEC. This concept is further supported by fecal microbiome data from preterm twins. However, there is also some uncertainty in these observations because studies that controlled for gestational age did not show significant differences between singletons and twins in the occurrence of NEC. This mini-review was undertaken as a critical appraisal of the published literature in terms of twin studies to establish the genetic relevance vis-àvis NEC. There is a need for further evaluation of genetic and confounding factors arising from the environment and the gut microbiome in these infants using cohorts with larger sample sizes.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Regional Hospital at Cooper, Camden, NJ08103, United States.
Twins and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Genetic Relevance.

We aimed to develop Ferroptosis-Related Gene (FRG) signatures to predict overall survival (OS) along with disease-free survival (DFS) in individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC).Prediction of CRC prognosis is challenging. Ferroptosis constitutes a newly reported kind of cell death, and its association with CRC prognosis remains unexplored.This research endeavored to establish a prognostic risk signature for colorectal cancer by leveraging ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), with the objective of refining prognostic precision in clinical settings.The clinical data and mRNA expression profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colorectal cancer cohorts. The Lasso algorithm was employed to develop the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) prediction models. These models were subsequently validated using independent data from GSE38832.Our research unveiled a significant difference in the expression levels of 85% of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) between CRC tissues and paracancer tissues. Out of these, 11 prognostic genes were pinpointed through univariate Cox analysis. By employing two models, patients were stratified into low- and high-risk groups based on predicted risk scores, which were subsequently validated as independent prognostic factors via multivariate Cox analysis. The robustness of these models was further confirmed through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional enrichment analysis indicated a predominance of cancer-associated pathways in the high-risk group, including WNT signaling, along with variations in immune status between the two risk categories. Leveraging the Connectivity Map (CMap) database, a total of sixteen potential therapeutic drugs were identified. Additionally, in vitro experiments corroborated that Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) was underexpressed in CRC and exhibited tumor suppressive properties. More specifically, FDFT1 may augment ferroptosis in CRC by modulating the expression of the Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly Enzyme (ISCU).Our study highlighted the significance of ferroptosis-related genes in the pathogenesis of CRC and underscored the potential of ferroptosis-related gene-based risk signatures as valuable tools for improving prognostic accuracy and tailoring therapeutic strategies. However, the validity of these predictive models required further validation through real- world studies to ensure their reliability and applicability.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 10032, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
The Eastern Theater Air Force Hospital, Nanjing, 210000, China.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.Innovation Research Institute, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Prognostic Models and FDFT1 as a Potential Ferroptosis Driver in Colorectal Cancer.

Oxidative damage and apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) are the primary factors contributing to the development of age-related cataracts (ARC). The potential protective effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on LECs remain unclear despite its remarkable antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. The aim of this study was to explore the role of serine/threonine-protein kinase (PAK1) in EGCG-mediated attenuation of H2O2-induced apoptosis of LECs in vivo and in vitro.PAK1 expression was assessed in the anterior capsule of the lens from mice and patients with and without ARC using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Human lens epithelial B3 (HLE-B3) cells were pre-treated with EGCG+H2O2 or H2O2 only, and PAK1 expression was determined using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Apoptosis (following PAK1 overexpression or silencing) and cell survival were assessed using Hoechst 33342 staining and a cell counting Kit-8 assay, respectively. Cleaved caspase-3 was measured in transected cells, aged/young mice, and mice treated with EGCG via western blotting.PAK1 expression was significantly lower in ARC LECs than in control LECs. In HLE-B3 cells, EGCG+H2O2 treatment upregulated PAK1 mRNA and protein expression when compared with H2O2 alone. PAK1 overexpression alleviated H2O2- induced apoptosis in LECs, while low expression weakened EGCG's protective effects. PAK1 overexpression reduced cleaved caspase-3 expression in H2O2-treated cells, whereas PAK1 silencing increased its expression in EGCG+H2O2-treated cells. EGCG decreased cleaved caspase-3 expression in H2O2-treated cells. These results suggest that PAK1 inhibits cleaved caspase-3 expression, thereby enhancing EGCG's attenuation of H2O2-induced LEC apoptosis.The PAK1/cleaved caspase-3 pathway plays a key role in EGCG's protective effects on the development of ARC. This provides a new therapeutic target for the use of EGCG in preventing and treating ARC.
Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Graduate tutor（Peking Union Medical College） Beijing China.
Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011,Heilongjiang, China.
Daqing Eye Hospital, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China.
Department of Genetics, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Health Department, Beijing 100081, China.Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100081, China.
EGCG Mitigates Apoptosis of Lens Epithelial Cells in Age-Related Cataract via the PAK1/Cleaved Caspase-3 Pathway.

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that is one of the most significant challenges to public health over the past few years. Most people are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, but older adults are more vulnerable. Aging is one of the major risk factors for the detrimental consequences of COVID-19, likely due to chronic inflammation and immunosenescence, both of which are the characteristics of old age. Immunosenescence refers to the weakening of the immune system with age while inflammaging describes the low-grade chronic inflammation seen in older individuals. One key aspect of human aging is immune deficiency. During aging, our body's defense system weakens, resulting in decreased responses to infection by novel pathogens and a reduced ability to become immunized. The presence of chronic inflammation and viral infection in old age may cause several adverse unpredictable outcomes increasing the propensity and severity of the disease and requires to be considered, enabling people to better prepare for the potential consequences of this ongoing pandemic. This requires consideration so that individuals can better be prepared to address the potential consequences of this ongoing pandemic. In this review, we discuss the clinical characteristics of elderly COVID-19 patients and survey the associated molecular pathways that are pivotal for the interactions of the coronavirus and host cellular responses, including immunosenescence, inflammation, telomere attrition, impaired autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in major aging signaling pathways, which are crucial for the discovery of new therapeutic and preventive methods in the ongoing pandemic.
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Birjand Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
The Role of Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in the Susceptibility of Older Adults to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

MCM2 belongs to the microchromosome maintenance [MCM] family and plays an essential role in initiating DNA replication as well as maintaining normal cellular cycle functions. Recent research indicates that there is the abnormal expression of MCM2 in various cancers, such as breast, cervical, ovarian, lung, hepatocellular carcinoma, nephroblastoma, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, where it shows a strong link to tumorigenesis, growth, invasion, migration, and adverse prognosis. Thus, MCM2 could serve as a significant biomarker for the early identification, diagnosis, and prognostic evaluation of multiple cancers. In addition, targeting MCM2 expression may open new possibilities for a full range of cancer treatments. In this paper, the protein structure, physiological function, and carcinogenic mechanism of MCM2 were reviewed.
Hunan Engineering Research Center for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
Clinical Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Xiangya Hospital Zhuzhou Central South University, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.
Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2025-02-13;():.
Utilization of DNA Replication factor MCM2 by Cancer.

Diabetic nephropathy, a major contributor to chronic kidney disease, is closely associated with inflammatory responses.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combination therapy with dapagliflozin and telmisartan in treating diabetic nephropathy and its effect on patient's albuminuria levels.We conducted a 12-week prospective observational study to assess diabetic nephropathy. Patients with diabetic nephropathy were treated with either dapagliflozin and telmisartan (n=92) or telmisartan alone (n=92). Measurements of waist-to-hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, lipid profile, and inflammatory biomarkers, including C-C motif chemokine ligand 21 messenger RNA (CCL21 mRNA) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), were obtained at baseline and following 12-weeks of treatment.Dapagliflozin and telmisartan combination therapy demonstrated a significant decrease in UACR compared with baseline levels (p<0.001). After treatment, the dapagliflozin and telmisartan group had significantly lower waist-to-hip ratio, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, uric acid, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein compared with the monotherapy group (p<0.05). Additionally, inflammatory biomarkers, including CCL21 mRNA and MCP-1, were substantially lower in the combination therapy group than in the monotherapy group (p<0.05).In comparison to monotherapy, combination therapy demonstrated more significant clinical effects in treating diabetic nephropathy. This combination therapy effectively controls blood glucose levels and UACR, reduces inflammatory responses, and improves kidney function recovery in diabetic nephropathy patients, thereby enhancing the overall clinical treatment outcomes for these patients.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (HIMSR), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
Efficacy of Dapagliflozin and Telmisartan Combination Therapy in Reducing Albuminuria and Inflammatory Markers in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Prospective Observational Study.

In this first-person narrative, the Dean instructs a young supervising physician to counsel a medical student about why he should not talk to patients about his religion. The essay reflects some of the emotions, ethical considerations and ambiguities that caregivers face in these situations.
Professor Emeritus (retired), University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare yet fatal cardiac disease associated with pregnancy. PPCM has been shown to have similar etiopathogenesis with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Hence, this study aims to study the association between HDP and the development of PPCM.Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library) were searched and screened based on prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Predictors of PPCM evaluated were HDP (preeclampsia, superimposed preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, and gestational hypertension) and its clinical features (severe preeclampsia, age, parity, serum creatinine, etc.). Data were analyzed using the random effects model of pooled odds ratios (ORs) with the Mantel Haenszel method, and publication bias was assessed with a funnel plot.A total of 13 observational studies with 11,951 PPCM cases from 7 countries were identified. All types of HDP were associated with significantly increased odds of developing PPCM, and severe preeclampsia was associated with the highest OR of 13.33 (CI: 5.95 - 29.83, p < 0.01). Additionally, superimposed preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and lastly gestational hypertension were associated with increased odds of PPCM with OR 5.77, 4.73, 4.70, and 3.13, respectively. Other clinical features being statistically significant for PPCM development included advanced age > 35 years and multiple pregnancies (p < 0.05). No significant difference in creatinine level was found between PPCM and no PPCM group. No publication bias was found based on funnel plot assessment.HDP, especially severe preeclampsia, is associated with increased odds of PPCM development; hence, a low threshold for PPCM screening in this high-risk group is required.
Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Association of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and their Clinical Features with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

To offer a summary of the clinimetrics of measurement methods used for screening, diagnosis, and evaluation of lower limb lymphoedema (LLL).Data sources: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Searches were performed on 1 December 2022 and reconducted on 18 July 2024. Study selection: Studies in patients with (or at risk for) LLL, whether or not compared to healthy controls. Data extraction: Quantitative data on clinimetric properties.Twenty-three papers were included and divided in papers reporting on clinimetrics of methods assessing swelling, skin properties, local tissue water, and intra- and extracellular fluid. Water displacement, opto-electronic volumetry, and circumference measures seem to be reliable measurement methods to be applied in clinical practice. Circumference measures (with 8 cm interval) is a time-efficient method with few practical limitations.Based on the little literature available in patients with LLL, we recommend to select different methods assessing more than one lymphedoema characteristic to get a clear overview on the patient's lymphoedema status. At this moment, literature is still unclear on the use of specific measurement methods in LLL. More research regarding validity, responsiveness, and feasibility is needed.
Research Group Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders (GRID), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Research Group Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders (GRID), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.Centre for Lymphedema, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Research Group Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders (GRID), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Member European Reference Network ERN (VASCERN PPL), Dutch Center of Expertise for Lymphovascular Medicine, Nij Smellinghe Hospital, Drachten, The Netherlands.
Department of Physical Therapy, Avans+, University of Applied Sciences, Breda, The Netherlands.
Lower limb lymphoedema (LLL) is a chronic condition for which an accurate diagnosis made with clinically available reliable, valid, and responsive measurement methods is needed.To date (and compared to upper limb lymphoedema), literature regarding clinimetric properties of measurement methods for LLL is scarce.To assess swelling of the lower limb, water displacement, opto-electronic volumetry, and circumference measures seem to be reliable measurement methods to be applied in clinical practice.Based on the limited literature, we recommend to select different measurement methods assessing more than one lymphoedema characteristic in order to get a clear overview on the patient’s lymphoedema status and to evaluate treatment effects.
Clinimetric properties of clinical objective measurement methods for screening, diagnosis, and/or evaluation of lower limb lymphoedema: a systematic review with narrative synthesis of results.

Traditionally, arterial atherosclerotic (AA) and venous thromboembolic (VTE) diseases have been separated into two independent entities. However, a body of evidence suggests the link between arterial and venous disease. In this narrative review, the relationship between these two vascular diseases is discussed. Different risk factors are common in both diseases, such as dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome, and thrombophilia. Etiopathogenetic mechanisms of both diseases are similar. Inflammation, as a basic pathogenetic mechanism of atherosclerotic disease, is also involved in the pathogenesis of VTE. Inflammation as a response to vessel wall injury promotes coagulation and inhibits endogenic fibrinolytic activity, which results in thromboembolic events in the arterial as well as in the venous system. A relationship has also been observed between preclinical or clinical atherosclerotic disease and VTE. These findings indicate that atherosclerosis may induce VTE or that common risk factors simultaneously stimulate the development of both diseases. The relationship between arterial and venous disease is also supported by the efficacy of some drugs (antiplatelets, anticoagulants, statins) in the prevention of both diseases. In conclusion, arterial and venous diseases share similar pathophysiological mechanisms, often driven by common risk factors. This overlap suggests that a unified approach to prevention and treatment may be beneficial for both conditions, potentially improving patient outcomes by addressing the underlying shared pathways.
Department of Vascular Disease, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia.The University of Ljubljana Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Slovenia.
The University of Ljubljana Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Slovenia.Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, The University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
The Link between Arterial Atherosclerotic and Venous Thromboembolic Disease.

Bloodstream infections (BSI) are associated with high mortality rates, particularly when caused by resistant pathogens. Reducing the delay in diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. The implementation of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests in the diagnostic process offers a promising approach to achieving quicker identification of pathogens, thereby potentially reducing mortality associated with BSI.A difference-in-differences analysis was performed within a New York City hospital system, comparing mortality risk between patients with enterococcal BSI before and after the adoption of BCID2 PCR testing, using as control those with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus BSI, for which diagnostic protocol has been unchanged.The study included 548 inpatients; 164 diagnosed with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) BSI and 384 with MSSA BSI. The mean 30-day mortality risk difference in the period post-intervention estimated in our difference-in-differences model was -6.03 per 100 (95% CI: -10.35 to -1.7), with event study plots suggesting minimal deviation from parallel trends in the pre-treatment period.Findings suggest that introduction of BCID2 PCR testing for enterococcal bloodstream infections (BSI) may be associated with a reduction in mortality, however, interpretation of the effects must be approached with caution given the relative imprecision of estimates. Further research with larger samples is essential to establish a definitive conclusion on the impact of rapid PCR testing on mortality in BSI. This is an innovative approach using causal methods to evaluate interventions aimed at the improvement of infection control and antimicrobial treatment strategies.
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York10016, NY, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Does PCR-based pathogen identification reduce mortality in bloodstream infections? Insights from a difference-in-difference analysis.

Pain, infection, and dry socket are the primary complications following tooth extraction. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pain range and incidence of dry socket after using a hemostatic spongy material containing aloe vera nanoparticles after split-mouth extraction of the mandibular first and second molars, compared to a control sponge without aloe vera nanoparticles in patients referred to the Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry.This double-blind, split-mouth clinical study was conducted on 30 patients referred to the Faculty of Dentistry in Tabriz. Patients were selected according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and required extraction of two teeth. After tooth extraction, an aloe vera nanoparticle-containing hemostatic sponge was randomly placed in one extraction site, while a sponge without aloe vera nanoparticles served as the control in the other extraction site. Pain levels were measured at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after extraction using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where patients marked their pain level from 1 (lowest pain) to 10 (highest pain) at each time point. Patients received a form to record the required information and instructions on how to do so, which they submitted upon completion. To assess the occurrence of dry socket, patients were asked to come four days after extraction. Data were analyzed using SPSS software with relevant statistical tests, considering a significance level of P<0.05.In both groups, the average pain levels decreased significantly over 72 h (P=0.001 and P=0.01 for the test and control groups, respectively). Additionally, for 48 h and 72 h time points, the test group showed better pain control results than the control group (P=0.04 and P=0.04 for 48 h and 72 h, respectively). No cases of dry sockets were found in either group.The aloe vera-containing sponge demonstrated better performance in pain control following tooth extraction compared to the control group. For dry socket occurrence, both sponges showed similar results.
Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
A Double-blind Randomized Split-mouth Clinical Trial on a Hemostatic Dental Material Containing Aloe Vera Nanoparticles: The Effects on Pain and Occurrence of Dry Socket after Tooth Extraction.

Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite its prevalence, fatigue remains a challenging concept to define and measure. The aim of the present study was to explore potential relationships between self-rated fatigue in patients with TBI and performance on several widely used neuropsychological tests. In a cross-sectional design, patients with TBI (n = 68) and healthy controls (n = 27) underwent a comprehensive battery of commonly used neuropsychological tests and completed two self-assessment fatigue scales, the Fatigue Severity Scale and the Mental Fatigue Scale. Patients with TBI performed worse on neuropsychological tests of short-term memory, processing speed and executive functioning (inhibition) compared to healthy controls. Within the TBI group, only the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) and the Stroop-Inhibition task showed significant correlations with measures of fatigue. However, after adjusting for relevant demographic variables, including age, gender, education and TBI severity, only PASAT remained significantly associated with the Mental Fatigue Scale (r = .45, p = .005). Within the healthy control group, no such associations were found. These results highlight an interesting relationship between PASAT performance and self-assessed fatigue. With further research, PASAT, modifications of it or similar measures could potentially help clinicians in evaluating fatigue in patients with TBI.
© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Neuropsychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.
Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Sundsvall-Härnösand County Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
School of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.Department of Medical Sciences, Health Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Among common neuropsychological tests, the Paced auditory serial addition test is the strongest predictor of trait fatigue in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) prior to surgery has been used to reduce local recurrences in moderately advanced rectal cancer (RC). Total mesorectal excision (TME) surgery by itself can reduce the local recurrence rate in these patients. The objective was to assess whether discontinuing neoadjuvant SCRT had a negative impact on survival and local recurrence rates of moderately advanced RC.This retrospective study examined 137 consecutive patients (67 neoadjuvant SCRT, 70 TME without neoadjuvant therapy) treated for rT1-3N1M0 RC without extramural venous invasion (EMVI) or a threatened surgical margin between January 2016 and March 2020 in a tertiary rectal surgery referral center. The primary objective was the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on overall, cancer-specific, and disease-free survival, and local recurrence rate. Secondary outcomes were risk factors affecting survival. The analyses were conducted on the total study cohort as well as a propensity score matched cohort of the same patient group, with the matching predicated upon age, gender, and histological T score.The oncological outcomes were similar between the two different treatment groups. The 5-year cumulative overall survival rate, calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, was 89.6% in the neoadjuvant SCRT group and 83.5% in the surgery-only group (p = 0.570), with the corresponding cancer-specific survival rates at 97.0% and 98.4% (p = 0.219) and disease-free survival rates at 97.0% and 91.9% (p = 0.438). No local recurrencies were detected in either group during the 5-year follow-up period.The omission of neoadjuvant SCRT in rT1-3N1M0 RC with no EMVI and no threatened resection margin caused no adverse effects on the survival of the patients. Based on this series, it appears that avoiding SCRT does not compromise the oncological outcome in these patients.
Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki Finland University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland.
Gastroenterological Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.Applied Tumor Genomics, Research Projects Unit Organization, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society
Comparison of oncological outcomes of T1-3 N1 rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy versus no radiotherapy: A retrospective cohort study.

Associate Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 689 Rochester NY 14642, United States.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/European Respiratory Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA) Updated guideline on the treatment of tuberculosis.

Rodriguez-Nava et al. present a proof-of-concept study evaluating the use of a secure large language model (LLM) approved for healthcare data for retrospective identification of a specific healthcare-associated infection (HAI)-central line-associated bloodstream infections-from real patient data for the purposes of surveillance.1 This study illustrates a promising direction for how LLMs can, at a minimum, semi-automate or streamline HAI surveillance activities.
Department of Medicine, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
Infection Control, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA.Division of Infections Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US.Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Digital Health Office, Veterans Health Administration, National Artificial Intelligence Institute, Washington, DC, USA.Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.Digital Health Office, National Artificial Intelligence Institute, Washington, DC, USA.Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2025-02-14;():1-3.
Chatting new territory: large language models for infection surveillance from pilot to deployment.

Total hip replacement is a quality of life-enhancing procedure. Postoperative blood transfusion is a risk factor compromising the outcome of total hip replacement and increasing the risk of deep infection. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors for postoperative blood transfusion after total hip replacement.In this retrospective study, 3901 patients underwent primary total hip replacement, in the period between January 2015 and December 2023. The mean age of the participants was 67.3 (SD: 12.6) years, and 61% of them were females. Participants were divided into 'transfusion' and 'non-transfusion' groups.Forty-two patients (1.1%) received blood transfusion after total hip replacement. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, preoperative haemoglobin was the only independent risk factor that reduced the odds of postoperative transfusion by 0.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.23-0.39) for every 1 g/dL increase.Postoperative blood transfusion is a rare, yet potentially serious, occurrence after total hip replacement. In this study, preoperative haemoglobin level was the only independent risk factor associated with postoperative transfusion. We recommend aiming to achieve minimum preoperative haemoglobin level of 13 g/dL to minimise the risk of postoperative transfusion.
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
Risk factors of blood transfusion following primary total hip replacement.

For many patients with right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction, percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) offers a less-invasive alternative treatment option to surgery with a similar long-term result. However, the implantation of the valves recently available on the European market was only possible in patients with a limited maximal RVOT diameter. In patients with large RVOT, surgical treatment has remained the only possible treatment modality until recently. The self-expandable Harmony transcatheter pulmonary valve is a valve dedicated for patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation in the native and surgically repaired wide RVOT. The initial experience worldwide with this valve is very promising. However, it has not been implanted in Europe until recently. We report on four young adult patients with severe pulmonary valve regurgitation who underwent a successful PPVI with Harmony valve implantation. There were no serious complications in our small study group. In conclusion, the Harmony valve may offer a less-invasive and safe treatment alternative to surgery for patients in whom the available balloon-expandable valves offer only limited applicability. This valve has only recently become accessible on the European market.
Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, German Heart Centre Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Department of Cardiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
The first series of implantations of the Harmony valve in Europe: the beginning of a new era for percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation also in the Old Continent?

In the highly specialised and rapidly evolving field of perioperative care, continuous professional development is essential for maintaining the competencies of healthcare professionals, directly impacting patient safety and the quality of care. This project aimed to assess the effectiveness of current continuous professional development approaches in meeting the learning needs of registered nurses and operating department practitioners within perioperative care in a United Kingdom National Health Service Trust hospital. A comprehensive self-assessment strategy was intended to evaluate the condition of current continuous professional development approaches, identify areas for improvement, and explore innovative uptake for improvement. Using a mixed-methods design, data were collected via an online survey of 76 participants. The data demonstrated significant knowledge, skill, and competency deficiencies, revealing that many current continuous professional development approaches lacked accessibility and relevance. This study may provide valuable insights for refining continuous professional development programmes to meet evolving learning needs better and improve patient outcomes.
Do the current continuous professional development approaches for registered nurses and operating department practitioners within perioperative care meet their learning needs?

We report simultaneous transcatheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect, a perimembranous ventricular septal defect, and a patent ductus arteriosus in a 3-year-old female wıth symptoms of heart failure. As it was not possible to determine the impact of each defect on the patient's symptoms, all of them were closed with good results, for a tiny residual venrricular septal defect.
Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, pediatric cardiology, London, UK.
Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, pediatric cardiology, London, UK.
Simultaneous transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus.

The aim of the study was to better understand the experiences of women living with a history of breast cancer by analyzing the metaphors they use to describe their experiences. Data were collected through individual narrative interviews with 10 women, who were between 4 years and 13 years post-diagnosis. Their narratives were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The results are presented from an existential perspective and are conceptualized using the metaphor of the home. Our interpretation suggests that participants were in search of a habitable world, seeking to (1) dwell in oneself, (2) dwell with others and (3) dwell in the world. The results were discussed using an intersubjective conceptual framework, enriched by the work of Stolorow on human suffering and emotional trauma. The study expands upon existing literature on the use of metaphors in cancer patients and contributes to reveal their richness and diversity, beyond the dominant war metaphor.
Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada.
In search of a habitable world: The long journey of women who survived breast cancer.

Due to the high postoperative mortality, tools for an adaequate risk stratification are important to identify high-risk patients undergoing the Norwood procedure. As a marker of ventricular wall stress, NT-proBNP might be of particular interest in these children.This study evaluated whether NT-proBNP's age-adjusted z-score ( zlog-NT-proBNP ) predicts outcomes after stage I Norwood procedure.Patients who underwent the Norwood procedure between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2022, with perioperative NT-proBNP measurements available were enrolled. Since reference intervals of NT-proBNP are highly age-dependent, age-adjusted zlog-NT-proBNP was used. Serial zlog-NT-proBNP values were analysed to predict the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events after the Norwood procedure. Major adverse cardiovascular events was defined as death, resuscitation, or mechanical circulatory support. Secondary endpoints were re-operation and re-intervention for shunt.A total of 139 patients underwent the Norwood procedure and had at least one NT-proBNP measurement available. Preoperative zlog-NT-proBNP measurements (median 3.7, interquartile range 3.1-4.19) showed no association with the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events or mortality. Zlog-NT-proBNP early after ICU admission (3.2, interquartile range 2.4-3.8) was predictive of mortality but showed no association with the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events. Zlog-NT-proBNP before ICU discharge (3.2, interquartile range 2.8-3.8) was significantly associated with the occurrence of both major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.25-2.67, P = 0.002) and death (hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.2, P < 0.001).High zlog-NT-proBNP levels after the Norwood surgery were strongly associated with the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events and death. Therefore, zlog-NT-proBNP has the potential to identify high-risk patients before life-threatening complications occur.
Technical University of Munich, German Heart Center, Department for Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, Division for Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
Biostatistics, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuttel, Germany.
Institute of Laboratory Medicine, German Heart Center of the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Technical University of Munich, German Heart Center, Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Munich, Germany.
Technical University of Munich, German Heart Center, Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Defects, Munich, Germany.DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
Perioperative prediction of adverse events with age-adjusted NT-proBNP in children undergoing Norwood surgery.

Infants who require cardiopulmonary bypass for surgical repair of CHD are at high risk for secondary infections, which cause significant death and disability. The risk of secondary infection is increased by immune dysfunction. The intestinal microbiome calibrates immune function. Infants with CHD have substantial changes in their intestinal microbiome. We performed this scoping review to describe the current understanding of the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and immune function after pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.We searched the PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, and Scopus databases with the assistance of a medical librarian. We included trials that analysed intestinal microbiome composition and immune function after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in infants.We found two observational cohorts and two interventional trials describing composition of intestinal microbiome and some measures of immune function after heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. A total of 114 children were analysed. Three trials were exclusively in infants, and one was in older children and infants. All trials found a differential composition of the intestinal microbiome in infants with CHD compared to those without CHD, and one described a robust correlation between composition of the intestinal microbiome with cytokine profile and adverse outcomes.Despite robust preclinical data and data from other disease states, there is minimal data about the correlation between immune function and intestinal microbiome composition in infants with CHD after cardiopulmonary bypass.
Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA.Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.
Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.Weil Institute for Critical Care Research & Innovation, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Alterations in the intestinal microbiome and immune dysregulation in infants with CHD undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass: a scoping review.

Research in sub-Saharan Africa has shown failures in most of municipal waste composting initiatives because of bad-quality composts due to the lack of biowaste source segregation. Until now, very few biowaste source-segregation initiatives have been carried out on this part of the world. This study aimed at assessing the biowaste sorting efficiency and the attitude of households towards a pilot biowaste source-segregation system linked to a decentralized composting plant in Tiassalé. For this purpose, the impurity rate of source-segregated biowaste was monitored through the first year of implementation. Then, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate households' attitude. The results have shown that the average impurities rate in source-segregated biowaste was very low (1%). This finding was confirmed by the results of laboratory analysis which revealed a very low heavy metals (0.2, 12.4, 7.1 and 15.5 mg kg-1 DS for Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb, respectively) contamination in the compost produced. Regarding the acceptability of the source-segregation system, the results showed that the majority (75%) of the participants accepted the source-segregation system of biowaste and almost half (47%) of them were ready to pay for such a collection service. In conclusion, this study revealed that providing households with the needed municipal solid waste management infrastructures and rising awareness about biowaste source segregation are keys for the establishment of such a collection system in Tiassalé and similar urban areas. The findings also proved the effectiveness of biowaste source-segregation system in the production of high-quality compost.
Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières (UFR STRM), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.CSRS: Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
CSRS: Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.Unité de Formation et de Recherche Agriculture, Ressource halieutique et Agro-industrie (UFR ARHAI), Université de San Pedro, San-Pedro, Côte d'Ivoire.
Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences et Gestion de l'Environnement (UFR SGE), Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Eawag : Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection, Bioresource Management Group, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany.
Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA
Implementing biowaste source segregation for sustainable decentralized composting schemes in Tiassalé, southern Côte d'Ivoire.

The ongoing biodiversity crisis has raised concerns about the effectiveness of area-based conservation (ABC) strategies for achieving positive biodiversity outcomes. In riverine ecosystems, the linear habitat structure of fishes introduces uncertainty into the synergistic conservation potential of ABC. Therefore, to assess the synergistic conservation potential of ABC for multiple groups, we used data from IUCN and RivFishTIME database up to 2020 for fishes, mammals, and birds to assess the reliability of area sampling based on species-area relationships and latitudinal dependence analyses. We built a spatial model of species richness to determine the spatial distribution of species richness and the spatial overlap of species richness within and among the 3 groups under different group combinations. We found a significant power function relationship between area and species richness; R2 values ranged from 0.94 to 0.96. Species richness was unevenly distributed across groups; thus, the potential for synergistic conservation of multiple groups is not promising. Fish were outliers. The spatial overlap for fish-bird combinations (β = -0.001 to 0.02) and fish-mammal combinations (β = 0.10-0.11) were significantly lower than those for mammal-bird combinations (β = 0.20-0.27). This calls for targeted conservation planning for fishes in terrestrial ecosystems rather than considering that protected areas for mammals and birds will also protect fishes. Furthermore, the synergistic conservation potential of multitarget strategies cannot be safely extended to all groups.
© 2025 The Author(s). Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
Potencial para la conservación sinérgica por medio de estrategias basadas en el área Resumen La actual crisis de la biodiversidad genera inquietud sobre la eficacia de las estrategias de conservación basadas en el área (CBA) para lograr resultados positivos para la biodiversidad. En los ecosistemas fluviales, la estructura lineal del hábitat de los peces introduce incertidumbre en el potencial sinérgico de conservación de la CBA. Por lo tanto, para evaluar el potencial de conservación sinérgico de la CBA para múltiples grupos, utilizamos datos de la UICN y de la base de datos RivFishTIME hasta 2020 para peces, mamíferos y aves con el fin de evaluar la fiabilidad del muestreo de áreas basado en las relaciones especie‐área y los análisis de dependencia latitudinal. Construimos un modelo espacial de riqueza de especies para determinar la distribución espacial de la riqueza de especies y el traslape espacial de la riqueza de especies dentro de los tres grupos y entre ellos bajo diferentes combinaciones de grupos. Encontramos una relación significativa de función de potencia entre el área y la riqueza de especies; los valores de R2 oscilaron entre 0.94 y 0.96. La riqueza de especies se distribuyó desigualmente entre los tres grupos, por lo que el potencial de conservación sinérgica de múltiples grupos no es prometedor. Los peces fueron valores atípicos. El traslape espacial de las combinaciones pez‐ave (β = ‐0.001 a 0.02) y pez‐mamífero (β = 0.10‐0.11) fueron significativamente menores que el de las combinaciones mamífero‐ave (β = 0.20‐0.27). Esto exige una planificación de la conservación específica para los peces en los ecosistemas terrestres en lugar de considerar que las áreas protegidas para mamíferos y aves también protegerán a los peces. Además, el potencial sinérgico de conservación de las estrategias con múltiples objetivos no puede extenderse con seguridad a todos los grupos.
Potential for synergistic conservation through area-based strategies.

Many patients experience perioperative anxiety due to a variety of different reasons. Essential processes of shared decision-making and informed consent may help to mitigate anxiety, yet language barriers may hinder this particularly in diverse patient populations. As such, language-specific approaches in anaesthesia care play a crucial role in reducing perioperative stress and anxiety among patients with limited English proficiency. This review examines which methods during anaesthetic assessments and shared decision-making processes enable anaesthetists to communicate effectively with patients who have limited English proficiency and thereby reduce perioperative stress. Findings suggest that collaborating with patients in their native language significantly reduces anxiety and improves understanding, while transcreation - culturally adapted translation - enhances the effectiveness of communication. To decrease perioperative anxiety among populations with limited English proficiency and improve surgical outcomes, it is important to enhance anaesthesia-focused training for interpreters, increase diversity in the anaesthesia field, and develop culturally relevant patient education materials.
Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Language-specific approaches to reduce perioperative stress and anxiety related to anaesthesia for patients with limited English proficiency: A narrative review.

The experiences of aftercare by patients and their relatives after a critical illness in the intensive care unit: A meta-synthesis Abstract: Background: Survival of critically ill patients has improved due to progress in intensive care treatment options. However, around 50% are affected by long-term consequences, which are summarized as Post Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) and highlight the need for aftercare. Aim: How do patients and their relatives perceive life after a critical illness in an intensive care unit and aftercare? Methods: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted according to the methodological standard of the Joanna Briggs Institute, based on a systematic literature search in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Social Sciences Citation Index and LIVIVO (5/2023). Results: Twenty-nine studies were included. From these, nine syntheses were aggregated, seven of which related to life after a critical illness and two to the experience of aftercare. For patients and their relatives, everyday life changes after return to home. They are facing the challenge of realigning their lives, coming to terms with permanent changes and accepting them as the new normal life. Patients also experience breaks in their aftercare and want access to aftercare services. Conclusions: The meta-synthesis depicts life after a critical illness in a variety of ways. Aftercare programs should therefore combine various services and take relatives into account, as they enable care at home.
Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Deutschland.
Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Durch verbesserte intensivmedizinische Behandlungsoptionen überleben immer mehr Menschen eine kritische Erkrankung. Rund 50% sind jedoch von Langzeitfolgen betroffen, die unter dem Post Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) zusammengefasst werden und die Notwendigkeit intensivstationärer Nachsorge verdeutlichen. Fragestellung: Wie nehmen Betroffene und ihre Angehörigen das Leben nach einer intensivstationären kritischen Erkrankung und die Nachsorge wahr? Methoden: Es wurde eine Meta-Synthese qualitativer Studien gemäß dem methodischen Standard des Joanna Briggs Institute, basierend auf einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, CINAHL, Social Sciences Citation Index und LIVIVO (5/2023) durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Es wurden 29 Studien eingeschlossen. Aus diesen wurden neun Synthesen komprimiert, wovon sich sieben auf das Leben nach einer kritischen Erkrankung und zwei auf das Erleben der Nachsorge beziehen. Für Betroffene und ihre Angehörigen ändert sich der Alltag mit der Rückkehr nach Hause. Sie stehen vor der Herausforderung, ihr Leben neu auszurichten, sich mit bleibenden Veränderungen zu arrangieren und diese als neue Normalität zu akzeptieren. Betroffene erleben zudem Brüche in der Nachsorge und wünschen sich Zugang zu Nachsorgeangeboten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Meta-Synthese stellt das Leben nach einer kritischen Erkrankung auf vielfältige Weise dar. In Nachsorgeprogrammen sollten daher verschiedene Angebote kombiniert und auch Angehörige berücksichtigt werden, da sie die Versorgung zuhause ermöglichen.
[The experiences of aftercare by patients and their relatives after a critical illness in the intensive care unit: A meta-synthesis].

Reaction-diffusion equations are a trusted modeling framework for the dynamics of biological populations in space and time, and their traveling wave solutions are interpreted as the density of an invasive species that spreads at constant speed. Even though certain species can significantly alter their abiotic environment for their benefit, and even though some of these so-called ecosystem engineers are among the most destructive invasive species, most models neglect this feedback. Here, we extended earlier work that studied traveling waves of ecosystem engineers with a logistic growth function to study the existence of traveling waves in the presence of a strong Allee effect. Our model consisted of suitable and unsuitable habitat, each a semi-infinite interval, separated by a moving interface. The speed of this boundary depended on the engineering activity of the species. On each of the intervals, we had a reaction-diffusion equation for the population density, and at the interface, we had matching conditions for density and flux. We used phase-plane analysis to detect and classify several qualitatively different types of traveling waves, most of which have previously not been described. We gave conditions for their existence for different biological scenarios of how individuals alter their abiotic environment. As an intermediate step, we studied the existence of traveling waves in a so-called moving habitat model , which can be interpreted as a model for the effects of climate change on the spatial dynamics of populations.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.Department of Mathematics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE
Traveling waves in a free boundary problem for the spread of ecosystem engineers.

Forecasting wind speed plays an increasingly essential role in the wind energy industry. However, wind speed is uncertain with high changeability and dependency on weather conditions. Variability of wind energy is directly influenced by the fluctuation and unpredictability of wind speed. Traditional wind speed prediction methods provide deterministic forecasting that fails to estimate the uncertainties associated with wind speed predictions. Modeling those uncertainties is important to provide reliable information when the uncertainty level increases. Models for estimating prediction intervals of wind speed do not differentiate between daytime and nighttime shifts, which can affect the performance of probabilistic wind speed forecasting. In this paper, we introduce a prediction framework for deterministic and probabilistic short-term wind speed forecasting. The designed framework incorporates independent machine learning (ML) models to estimate point and interval prediction of wind speed during the daytime and nighttime shifts, respectively. First, feature selection techniques were applied to maintain the most relevant parameters in the datasets of daytime and nighttime shifts, respectively. Second, support vector regressors (SVRs) were used to predict the wind speed 10 minutes ahead. After that, we incorporated the non-parametric kernel density estimation (KDE) method to statistically synthesize the wind speed prediction errors and estimate the prediction intervals (PI) with several confidence levels. The simulation results validated the effectiveness of our framework and demonstrated that it can generate prediction intervals that are satisfactory in all evaluation criteria. This verifies the validity and feasibility of the hypothesis of separating the daytime and nighttime data sets for these types of predictions.
College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait.
Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Independent Researcher, SMIEEE-Renewable Energy, Quebec, Canada.
Probabilistic prediction intervals of short-term wind speed using selected features and time shift dependent machine learning models.

It has been clearly demonstrated over the past years that control theory can provide an efficient framework for the solution of several complex tasks in epidemiology. In this paper, we present a computational approach for the state estimation based reference tracking control and historical data reconstruction using nonlinear compartmental epidemic models. The control model is given in nonlinear input-affine form, where the manipulable input is the disease transmission rate influenced by possible measures and restrictions, while the observed or computed output is the number of infected people. The control design is built around a simple SEIR model and relies on a feedback linearization technique. We examine and compare different control setups distinguished by the availability of state information, complementing the directly measurable data with an extended Kalman filter used for state estimation. To illustrate the capabilities and robustness of the proposed method, we carry out multiple case studies for output tracking and data reconstruction on Swedish and Hungarian data, all in the presence of serious model and parameter mismatch. Computation results show that a well-designed feedback, even in the presence of significant observation uncertainties, can sufficiently reduce the effect of modeling errors.
Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter u. 50/A, H-1083, Budapest, Hungary.
Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Práter u. 50/A, H-1083, Budapest, Hungary.Systems and Control Laboratory, HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control, Kende u. 13-17, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
Robust control and data reconstruction for nonlinear epidemiological models using feedback linearization and state estimation.

We considered three types of stochastic models of a single population growth: with diffusion-type noise; with parameters replaced by stochastic processes; and with random jumps describing a sudden decrease in population size. We presented methods for studying stochastic processes modeling population growth, in particular, the long-time behavior of sample paths and their distributions. We were especially interested in the asymptotic stability of the density of the distributions of these processes. We gave biological interpretations, examples, and numerical simulations of theoretical methods and results.
Institute of Mathematics, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
Institute of Mathematics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Temerty Centre for AI Research and Education in Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Computational physics and imaging in medicine.

Marine littering is a global challenge and a significant threat to a sustainable planet, requiring comprehensive and effective mechanisms to address it in a comprehensive manner. This study reports on a bibliometric analysis that has identified the extent to which the topic has been explored in the international literature, by focusing on geographical scope, the emphasis on (micro)plastic litter and on policy measures. Additionally, as a complement to the assessment of the recent literature on marine plastic litter, this study reviews some case studies, identifying some trends on how to cope with this problem. The findings underscore the imperative for heightened research efforts in the context of marine littering. The literature reveals that unsustainable practices, the absence of robust policies and inadequate enforcement substantially contribute to the prevalence of marine plastic litter. Consequently, urgent action is essential, demanding the implementation of effective policies and frameworks. Encouraging nations to transition towards marine sustainability, particularly in terms of prevention and environmental awareness, is of paramount importance. To pave the way for a cleaner ocean for future generations, this study not only highlights the root causes but also offers suggested solutions. These solutions serve as valuable insights for researchers, innovators and policymakers worldwide, charting a course towards a more sustainable and litter-free marine environment.
International Climate Change Information and Research Programme, Research and Transfer Centre 'Sustainable Development and Climate Change Management', Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Germany.Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Faculty of Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany.
International Climate Change Information and Research Programme, Research and Transfer Centre 'Sustainable Development and Climate Change Management', Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Germany.
Utrecht School of Economics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Great Lake Energy Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
UFP Energy, Research, Innovation and Development Unit (FP-I3ID), University Fernando Pessoa (UFP), Porto, Portugal.Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), University of Coimbra, Edifício do Patronato, Coimbra, Portugal.
Department of Geomatics Engineering Technology, Yanbu Industrial College, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia.
Center for Global Studies (CEG), Department of Science and Technology, Portuguese Distance Learning University (UAb), Lisbon, Portugal.Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research (CENSE), School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.MARE, Aquatic Research Network (ARNET), Regional Agency for the Development of Research, Technology and Innovation (ARDITI), Madeira, Portugal.Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Madeira, Portugal.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática, Uso e Conservação da Biodiversidade (PPGSis), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental (PPGEA), Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Department of Economics and Rural Development, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
Towards more sustainable oceans: A review of the pressing challenges posed by marine plastic litter.

Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA), a plant macromolecule with biological properties, shows promise for cancer treatment. Hyaluronic acid (HA), which binds to the CD44 receptor commonly found on cancer cells, can enhance drug delivery. This study investigates the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory potential of UDA encapsulated in chitosan (CS) nanoparticles coated with HA against CD44-overexpressing prostate cancer cells. In vitro tests showed that UDA-CS-HA nanoparticles had more significant cytotoxic effects on PC3 cells at concentrations above 150 µg/mL compared to UDA-CS. They also inhibited wound healing at 100 µg/mL and higher. Higher UDA-CS-HA concentrations correlated with increased CD44 and Nanog expression levels, indicating CD44 pathway activation. These findings suggest that UDA-CS-HA nanoparticles, likely due to their enhanced uptake by CD44 receptors, can function as targeted carriers with combined anti-proliferative and anti-migratory potential against CD44-overexpressing cancers. .
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran.
Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran.Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Babol, Iran.
International journal of environmental health research
Int J Environ Health Res. 2025-02-13;():1-15.
Anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of Urtica dioica agglutinin loaded chitosan nanoparticles with hyaluronic acid coating on the CD44-overexpressing prostate cancer cells.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Regarding the Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Risk of Pre-Eclampsia.

Germany has high rates of total joint arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Ambulatory health interventions can affect the progression of these conditions and the need for total joint arthroplasty. Quality indicators and guideline recommendations facilitate the transparent measurement and demonstration of care quality. Therefore, a systematic literature review of quality indicators and guideline recommendations for ambulatory care of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip before total joint arthroplasty was conducted, focusing on those that could be quantified using routine data from German statutory health insurers.Five electronic databases for quality indicators and guidelines published between 2000 and 2021 related to the ambulatory management of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip before total joint arthroplasty were searched. Two reviewers independently selected and appraised the quality of the studies. To synthesise a routine-data-compatible set of quality indicators, similarities and differences among existing quality indicator sets and guideline recommendations were identified and resolved.This systematic search yielded 10,841 potentially relevant records, leading to the identification of 20 sets of quality indicators and 35 guidelines with measures quantifiable using routine data. The present evidence synthesis produced 24 routine-data-compatible process quality indicators related to the type, order or frequency of musculoskeletal appointments, diagnostic imaging procedures, referrals to physical therapists and pharmaceutical prescriptions.The synthesised set of routine-data-compatible quality indicators can provide a resource-saving tool for offering individual feedback to physicians on the processes involved in the ambulatory management of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Engaging in interdisciplinary discussions on variations in quality indicator outcomes could contribute to improving interdisciplinary physician collaboration in ambulatory care for these conditions.Level III.
© 2025 The Author(s). Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy.
Department of Health Economics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Orthopaedics and Sport Orthopaedics, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2025-02-13;():.
Routine-data-compatible quality indicators for the ambulatory care of osteoarthritis of the knee and hip: A systematic review.

Laboratory of Plant Cell and Developmental Biology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
At the grass roots: non-destructive root phenotyping using X-ray computed tomography.

Psychiatry residency programs in the United States and Canada currently require trainees to demonstrate competency in psychodynamic therapy. Developed by Habib Davanloo, intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a brief psychodynamic therapy with emerging evidence to support its efficacy as an evidence-based, cost-effective treatment for various common psychiatric disorders and personality pathologies. Davanloo's metapsychology of the unconscious offers a way to understand the psychodynamic processes that maintain patients' psychiatric symptoms. Some key clinical processes unique to ISTDP facilitate conceptualization of patients' problems and allow for effective interventions. ISTDP skills can be especially helpful when working with populations with complex and treatment-resistant conditions that are commonly encountered in psychiatric secondary- and tertiary-care settings. This article aims to examine the value of ISTDP training for psychiatrists. First, the benefits of being able to offer formal treatment with ISTDP are examined. Second, the unique skills acquired through ISTDP training, which can be used in general psychiatric care, are reviewed. Finally, the personal and systemic benefits of ISTDP training, including clinician self-monitoring, management of burnout, and team leadership, are discussed.
Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada (Hofner); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Bawks).
Am J Psychother. 2025-02-14;():appipsychotherapy20240040.
Benefits of Using Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy in Psychiatric Practice.

Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
On the inference of red blood cell size from fossils.

Department of Orthopedics Surgery Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China.
Management of Lateral Condyle Humeral Fracture Associated With Elbow Dislocation in Children: A Retrospective International Multicenter Cohort Study.

Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge.
Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich & West Suffolk Hospital, Bury St Edmunds, UK.
Identifying Risk Factors for Open Reduction in Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures.

Service de psychiatrie de liaison et d'intervention de crise, Département de psychiatrie, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève.

Professeure associée, Médecin cheffe de service, Responsable de l'Unité de pharmacogénomique et de thérapies personnalisées aux Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, Présidente de la Société suisse de pharmacologie et toxicologie cliniques.

Professionnelle de santé durable, Chirurgienne-dentiste, ECOPS Conseil, 59370 Mons en Baroeul, France.
Département promotion de la santé et préventions, Centre universitaire de médecine générale et santé publique, Unisanté, 1011 Lausanne.
Département de santé globale et environnementale, Centre universitaire de médecine générale et de santé publique, Unisanté, 1011 Lausanne.

Psychologue spécialiste en psychothérapie, Centre médical de La Source, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne.

Avec la collaboration du groupe MIAjour, Service de médecine interne, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Lausanne.

Although it is well established that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with fetal overgrowth in singleton pregnancies, little is known about its role in twins. We aimed to explore the relationship between GDM and the longitudinal fetal growth in twin pregnancies. This was a retrospective matched cohort study of GDM and non-GDM twin pregnancies delivered ≥36 weeks without other complications. All the women performed ≥3 ultrasounds after 22 weeks. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to explore the relationships between longitudinal fetal growth trajectories and GDM. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were applied to identify the latent growth patterns and investigate their relationships with GDM. In total, 215 GDM and 645 non-GDM twins were included, the majority of the patients did not require medication therapy (n = 202, GDMA1). LMM revealed that, compared with non-GDM, GDM was associated with an average increase in fetal weight of 4.36 g (95% CI [1.25, 7.48]) per week. GBTM and GEE further revealed that GDM increased the odds of fetal weight trajectory to nearly 40% of the total fetal weight trajectory, classified into the high-speed group (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.03, 1.88]), associating with a 49.44 g (95% CI [11.41, 87.48]) increase in birth weight. Subgroup analysis revealed that all these differences were only significant among the GDMA1 pregnancies (p < .05). GDM (GDMA1) is significantly associated with an increase in fetal weight during gestation in twin pregnancies. However, this acceleration is mild, and its significance requires further exploration.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of General Practice, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hospital of Cang Town, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University Daxing Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China.
Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Longitudinal Fetal Growth Trajectories in Twin Pregnancies.

Physician, Manserpur, P.O. Lakhminia, Begusarai 851211, Bihar, India.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2025-02-14;():.
Malaria microscopy: a challenge in malaria elimination.

Section of Dermatology-Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio , University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug
Effectiveness of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis and Concomitant Occupational Allergic Contact Dermatitis: A Real-Life Study.

Oroantral communication (OAC) can occur after a dental extraction. Occasionally, bony defects may persist despite successful soft tissue closure of the OAC. The absence of bone in these areas poses challenges for dental implant placement. This report describes a novel approach of vertical sinus elevation through the oroantral bony defect to address such scenarios.A 36-year-old male (Patient 1) and a 62-year-old female (Patient 2) presented with OACs in the first maxillary molar region. Vertical sinus elevation was achieved through the existing defect. This was followed by placement of corticocancellous bone allograft mixed with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the space surrounded by the elevated sinus membrane that was then covered with a resorbable collagen membrane. Implants were placed 9 and 6 months after the sinus lift in Patient 1 and Patient 2, respectively.In both cases, substantial radiographic bone fill of the oroantral bony defect was achieved allowing successful placement of dental implants. Following insertion of final restorations, the patients were satisfied with the esthetic outcomes and reported improved oral function.Vertical sinus elevation through residual bony oroantral defects in conjunction with placement of bone allograft mixed with PRF yields sufficient alveolar bone for subsequent placement of dental implants.Bone defects secondary to oroantral communications resulting from dental extractions may persist despite successful soft tissue closure. Such oroantral communication (OAC) pose challenges for dental implant placement. This report describes a technique for repairing oroantral bony defects and subsequent placement of dental implants. Two patients presented with OACs in the first maxillary molar region. Vertical sinus elevation with corticocancellous bone allograft and platelet-rich fibrin, was achieved through the existing defect. Substantial radiographic bone fill of the oroantral bony defect was achieved and implants with final restorations were subsequently placed.Elevation of the sinus membrane through an existing crestal defect resulting from an OAC allows the clinician to successfully elevated the sinus membrane for bone augmentation allowing eventual placement of an implant. The approach allows the clinician to achieve this goal without preparing a second window through a more invasive lateral approach.
© 2025 The Author(s). Clinical Advances in Periodontics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Academy of Periodontology.
Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Crestal approach for repair of oroantral bone defects and subsequent implant placement.

Lipid ratio is a balance between atherogenesis and antiatherogenesis. it is an important predictive marker of carotid plaque. The lipid ratios, which include non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), remnant cholesterol (RC)/HDL-C, apolipoprotein B (ApoB)/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C, ApoB/HDL-C, total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C, were included and analyzed. Sex differences in the relationship between lipid ratios and carotid plaque were discussed. The risk of carotid plaque was found to be significantly associated with the Non-HDL-C /HDL-C, RC/HDL-C, ApoB/ApoA1, LDL-C /HDL-C, ApoB/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C in females but not in males. The ApoB/HDL risk presented the highest relationship with carotid plaque in females only. The predictive value of the aforementioned lipid ratios for carotid plaque was observed in females only.
Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, China.
Pathology Department, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Endoscopy Department, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Emergency Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Lipid Ratios and the Risk of Carotid Plaque.

The study aimed to assess the long-term device survival of a 3-piece inflatable penile prosthesis (PP) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). This retrospective observational longitudinal study involved patients with drug-refractory ED who underwent primary 3-piece inflatable PP implantation at a single center from 1992 to 2019. The outcomes included complications of various inflatable PP models, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the probability of PP survival. Of the total 426 patients, 140 (32.9%) were implanted in the period of 1992-2000, 128 (30.0%) in the period of 2001-2008, and 158 (37.1%) in the period of 2009-2019. The PP used in the study included AMS 700 CX (62.0%, n = 264), AMS 700 CXR (7.7%, n = 33), AMS Ultrex Plus (10.3%, n = 44), and Alpha I (20.0%, n = 85). The overall complication rate was 28.2% (120/426), and the majority happened after 6 months. The causes of device removal included mechanical failure (11.0%, n = 47), infection (3.9%, n = 17), cylinder extrusion (6.3%, n = 27), and unspecified (0.2%, n = 1). Of the total mechanical failures (n = 47), 18 (38.3%) occurred in the cylinders, 10 (21.3%) occurred in the pump, 7 (14.9%) occurred in the reservoir, 6 (12.8%) occurred in the connections, and 6 (12.8%) were nonspecific. Global average survival rates of the PP at 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years were 96.2%, 86.7%, 77.5%, and 58.7%, respectively. The 3-piece inflatable PP has an excellent device survival rate at 5 years and 10 years.
Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, La Zarzuela University Hospital, Madrid 28023, Spain.
Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, La Zarzuela University Hospital, Madrid 28023, Spain.Andrology Division, Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, AndroNeo, Orchidz Health, NU Hospitals, Bengaluru 560010, Karnataka, India.
Lyx Institute of Urology, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid 28006, Spain.Department of Urology, Puerta De Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid 28222, Spain.
Lyx Institute of Urology, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Department of Urology, Gregorio Maranon University General Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid 28007, Spain.
Excellent long-term device survival of inflatable penile prosthesis over 27 years.

Hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of furans and isobenzofurans provide convergent redox-neutral access to hetero-oxanorbornene derivatives. These versatile intermediates serve as precursors to a variety of heterocycles, polymers, and complex natural products. Herein we comprehensively review this area of research and speculate on what developments are required to advance the field.
Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 302 East Campus Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. chirs.newton@uga.edu.
Hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of (isobenzo)furans.

Systemic diseases often present initial signs through oral manifestations, making early recognition essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) commonly experience gingival issues. This case report discusses the treatment and outcomes of a 12-year-old female patient who presented with gingival swelling and pain and was subsequently diagnosed with ALL.The patient underwent chemotherapy and basic periodontal supragingival scaling. Comprehensive clinical assessments, oral photographs, and imaging data were recorded at the initial visit, and at follow-ups 8 years and 10 years later.A routine blood test and bone marrow aspiration confirmed a diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL). After 1 year of chemotherapy with rituximab, the patient recovered and was discharged. An 8-year follow-up revealed significant clinical attachment gain and healthy gingival status, and complete recovery was observed at a 10-year follow-up.Adolescents presenting with swollen and bleeding gums should be evaluated for potential leukemia. Dentists, especially periodontists, should be aware of the oral manifestations of ALL and coordinate with medical professionals to establish a comprehensive, long-term treatment plan. Periodontal health in adolescents with ALL can improve significantly with leukemia remission and appropriate basic periodontal therapy.Oral manifestations as early indicators: In adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), systemic symptoms may be minimal or absent. Early recognition of oral changes, such as gingival swelling or bleeding, is crucial for timely diagnosis. Long-term periodontal recovery: A 10-year follow-up indicates that periodontal health can improve following leukemia treatment and basic periodontal therapy, although longer follow-up is recommended to assess the stability of recovery.It is challenging to recognize systemic diseases early through oral manifestations in adolescents, which is critical for accurate diagnosis. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a disease of the blood system that manifests itself in the gingiva. This case report describes the early recognition of adolescent ALL through gingival swelling and pain as the initial clinical manifestation and recorded the 10-year follow-up process. After chemotherapy, the patient was cured. In the 8th year, the red, swollen and painful gingiva was relieved, no significant resorption of the alveolar bone was observed, and the periodontal condition was fully recovered two years after basic treatment. This case emphasizes the importance of dentists being vigilant for signs of systemic disease in the oral cavity and the role of long-term periodontal maintenance.
© 2025 American Academy of Periodontology.
Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
10-year follow-up of adolescent leukemia diagnosed through gingiva: A case report.

Transgender and gender-diverse individuals undergoing estradiol therapy for gender affirmation are typically treated with oral or transdermal estradiol, with transdermal estradiol recommended for those aged > 45 years. There are limited data evaluating estradiol gel in gender-affirming hormone therapy regimens. We aimed to assess the serum estradiol concentrations achieved with estradiol 0.06% gel in transgender and gender-diverse adults.Retrospective cross-sectional audit of transgender and gender-diverse adults at endocrine clinics in Melbourne, Australia.Eighty-one adults treated with estradiol 0.06% gel.Outcomes were estradiol 0.06% gel dose, serum estradiol concentration and proportion of individuals achieving target serum estradiol concentrations in consensus guidelines.Median serum estradiol concentration was 396 pmol/L (233-681) on 1.5 mg (1.5-2.25) estradiol 0.06% gel daily. Forty-six percent of individuals achieved serum estradiol concentrations within target range (250-600 pmol/L) of Australian consensus guidelines; 27% were below range and 27% were above range. There was a weak positive correlation between estradiol gel dose and serum estradiol concentration (r = 0.23, p = 0.04).Estradiol 0.06% gel achieves target serum estradiol concentrations in a significant proportion of transgender and gender-diverse adults. This represents an alternative estradiol formulation for individuals desiring estradiol therapy for gender affirmation.
© 2025 The Author(s). Clinical Endocrinology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
Trans Health Research Group, Department of Medicine (Austin Health), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.Trans Health Research Group, Department of Medicine (Austin Health), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Serum Estradiol Concentrations With Estradiol 0.06% Gel in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults.

Exosomes refer to a group of extracellular vesicles naturally released from mammalian cells with a diameter of 30-150 nm. Exosomes contain a variety of biologically active molecules, such as cytoplasmic proteins, chemokines, cytokines, and microRNA (miRNA). They are widely involved in intercellular communication and regulate the behavior of recipient cells. Venous thrombosis is a pathological change caused by vascular endothelial cell damage, hemodynamic changes, and the hypercoagulable state of blood. Exosomes from different cell sources are involved in the process of venous thrombosis. Exosomes can also be used as therapeutic carriers for tissue regeneration and drug delivery. Therefore, the study of exosomes is crucial for the formation, diagnosis, and treatment of venous thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of exosomes and their mechanism of action in venous thrombosis. In addition, we also focused on its potential clinical applications, including as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic carrier for venous thrombosis.
School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
Department of Radiotherapy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China.
Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
Regulation and Clinical Application of Exosomes in Venous Thrombosis.

Objective: To identify behavior change techniques (BCTs) and the mode of delivery used in yoga interventions across five neurological conditions. Methods: This scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL databases were searched, combining key terms for population and intervention. Covidence software was used for study selection. Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist was used to report the intervention and study quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Interventions were coded for BCTs using various taxonomies and delivery approaches were classified using Mode of Delivery Taxonomy Version 0. Result: Among 4805 articles screened, 35 met the inclusion criteria. Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke were the most prevalent disability types with fewer studies on spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. A total of 134 BCTs were identified, 20 out of the 93 BCTs (25%) were from the BCT v1 taxonomy, while 15 additional BCTs were identified from other taxonomies and some BCTs were defined by the authors based on the need for yoga interventions. The most used BCTs included 12.6 body changes (68.57%, n = 24), 4.1 instruction (57.14%, n = 20), 12.5 adding objects (48.57%, n = 17), 1.2 problem solving (37.14%, n = 13), 6.1 demonstration (34.28%, n = 12), 8.1 behavioral practice and rehearsal (31.42%, n = 11), and 8.7 graded tasks (28.57%, n = 10). The most common delivery approach was face-to-face. The median PEDro score was 6 indicating medium study quality. Conclusion: Clear reporting of the intervention description and use of BCTs may enhance understanding and ability to replicate yoga interventions. This helps to adapt yoga by changing behaviors using specific BCTs to meet the goals and principles of yoga depending on the target population. The review may help inform future research to examine the effectiveness of specific BCTs on desired outcomes.
Rehabilitation Science Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.Centre for Aging SMART, Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, Canada.
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Quebec City, Canada.
Centre for Aging SMART, Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, Canada.Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Rehabilitation Science Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.Centre for Aging SMART, Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, Canada.Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.International Collaboration on Repair DiscoveriesVancouver, BC, Canada.
Rehabilitation Science Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.Centre for Aging SMART, Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver, Canada.Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Journal of integrative and complementary medicine
J Integr Complement Med. 2025-02-14;():.
Identifying Behavioral Change Techniques and Mode of Delivery in Yoga Interventions Across Five Neurological Conditions: A Scoping Review.

Patients with chronic-limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) and peripheral wounds might be predisposed for systemic infections. The study aimed to describe the rate of systemic infections in patients with CLTI compared with peripheral artery obstructive disease (PAOD) patients without CLTI, both independently of endovascular treatment (EVT) and after EVT. Administrative data of the AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg (AOK BW) from patients with PAOD were analyzed considering bloodstream infection (BSI), 30-day readmission and prescribed antibiotics for ischemic ulcers. The risk of BSI increased 3.9-fold (95% CI: 3.4-4.4) in patients with PAOD Rutherford-Becker category (RBC) 5 and 6 (n = 11,741) compared with PAOD RBC 1-4 (n = 23,482; 6.81% vs 1.67%, P < .01). The risk of Staphylococcus aureus BSI increased 5.6-fold (95% CI: 4.1-7.7) comparing RBC 5 and 6 (1.2%) with RBC 1-4 (0.22%, P < .01). Outpatient antibiotic prescriptions were dominated by aminopenicillins with β-lactamase inhibitors, accounting for 34.9%. Clindamycin, cefuroxime, and fluoroquinolones represented 14.9%, 13.5%, and 12.6% of prescriptions, respectively. Infections were responsible for 7.7% of 30-day readmissions following EVT. Patients with CLTI are at risk of developing BSI, and specifically S. aureus BSI. Infection-related causes in 30-day readmissions following EVT are common. The high use of clindamycin and cefuroxime in outpatients is concerning.
Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Medical Center -Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg, Department of Data Analytics and Data Science, Stuttgart, Germany.
Antibiotic Consumption and Bloodstream Infections in Patients With Chronic-limb Threatening Ischemia Following Endovascular Therapy in East-west Germany, 2019-2020.

Clinic for Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Letter: Confounding Factors in the Association Between Sarcopenia and Carotid Atherosclerosis Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

CHU-Rennes - Cardiology, Université de Rennes - LTSI - INSERM, France.
Editorial: evaluating simple clinical tools for aortic disease prediction.

We aimed to compare MLH1 and MSH2 protein expression and Mismatch repair (MMR) status with clinical data: diagnosis, grading, and staging. Moreover, we wanted to assess any correlation between two immunohistochemical assessments: classic microscopic and computer analysis performed by a calibrated program.Our studies were conducted on 95 cases of endometrial cancer. For each, we performed H+E staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of two MMR status proteins: MLH1 and MSH2. Two independent researchers assessed IHC on a 0 to ++++ scale. We classified cases as MMR-deficient based on the microscopic assessment of the absence of expression of at least one protein. For computer analysis, we used Olympus cellSens software to measure the positive IHC reaction area in µm2 in five fields of vision.Despite using two different assessment methods, we did not identify any statistically significant relationship between diagnosis, grading, staging, MMR protein expression, and MMR status. However, we found a strong correlation between computer analysis and semi-quantitative microscopic assessment (r=0.59 for MLH1 and r=0.76 for MSH2; p<0.001 for both). Furthermore, we revealed that computer measurement of the expression area could be a good objective prediction test for microscopic analysis (p<0.001).We did not find a relationship between MMR status and grading, staging, or diagnosis. However, we present a novel approach to immunohistochemical assessment using computer analysis. It allows us to carry out more objective and accurate studies with the IHC method.
©The Author(s) 2025. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY International License.
Department of Immunobiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. jrogalinski@ump.edu.pl.
Department of Immunobiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Gynecological Center, Poznanska, Poznan, Poland.
MLH1 and MSH2 expression in endometrial cancer - microscopic and computer assessment of immunohistochemical method.

Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
Editorial: New concepts and techniques to treat peri-trochanteric fracture.

This paper presents methods for finding optimal configurations and actuator forces/torques to maximise contact wrenches in a desired direction for underwater vehicle manipulator systems (UVMS). The wrench maximisation problem is formulated as a bi-level optimisation problem, with upper-level variables in a low-dimensional parameterised redundancy space, and a linear lower-level problem. We additionally consider the cases of one or more manipulators with multiple contact forces, maximising the wrench capability while tracking a trajectory and generating large wrench impulses using dynamic motions. The specific cases of maximising force to lift a heavy load and maximising torque during a valve-turning operation are considered. Extensive experimental results are presented using a 6 degree of freedom (DOF) underwater robotic platform equipped with a 4DOF manipulator and show significant increases in the wrench capability compared to existing methods for mobile manipulators.
Copyright © 2025 Marais, Pizarro and Williams.
Australian Centre For Robotics (ACFR), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Maximising the wrench capability of mobile manipulators with experiments on a UVMS.

JMI Editor in Chief Bennett Landman provides an overview of JMI Volume 12 Issue 1 and spotlights key aspects of JMI peer review, with an eye toward continued growth for the JMI community.
© 2025 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.)
Toward Continued Growth for the JMI Community.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1444703.].
Copyright © 2025 Fu, Hou, Zheng, Zhang, Gao, Yan, Ye and Liu.
Department of Acupuncture, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.Department of Acupuncture, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.The Second Clinical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Corrigendum: Immediate modulatory effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on patients with Parkinson's disease: a crossover self-controlled fMRI study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1354287.].
Copyright © 2025 Frontiers Production Office.
Erratum: Global, regional, and national burden of diet high in processed meat from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.

[This corrects the article on p. 1453 in vol. 11, PMID: 31938243.].
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
Department of Reproductive Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Zhejiang, PR China.
School of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
International journal of clinical and experimental pathology
Erratum: LncRNA CCND2-AS1 is up-regulated and regulates proliferation, migration, and invasion in breast cancer.

[This corrects the article on p. 2818 in vol. 7, PMID: 25031701.].
Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China.
Central Laboratory of Molecular Biology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China.
Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University Chifeng 024000, Inner Mongolia, P. R. China.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University Qingdao 266003, Shandong, P. R. China.
Erratum: Curcumin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. ;28(4):547-548.
The Enigmatic 'Swiss Cheese' in macroscopic tissue pathology.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae762.].
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025-02;12(2):ofaf071.
Correction to: Dynamics of Persistent Submicroscopic and Microscopic Plasmodium falciparum in Pregnant Women Under Intermittent Preventive Treatment: A Study Cohort in Benin.

Centre for Evidence in Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Centre for Evidence in Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.Oxford Transplant Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1465448.].
Copyright © 2025 Cumming, Addicott, Maruri, Pillay, Asmal, Moodley, Barreto-Durate, Araújo-Pereira, Mazibuko, Mhlane, Mbatha, Khan, Makhari, Karim, Peetluk, Pym, Moosa, van der Heijden, Sterling, Andrade, Leslie and Steyn.
Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.
Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Translacional, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.Global Division, The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.Department of Infectious Diseases, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.Department of Infection and Immunity, University College of London, London, United Kingdom.
Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Corrigendum: Longitudinal mitochondrial bioenergetic signatures of blood monocytes and lymphocytes improve during treatment of drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371620.].
Copyright © 2025 Ugolkov, Nikitich, Leon, Helmlinger, Peskov, Sokolov and Volkova.
Research Center of Model-Informed Drug Development, Ivan Mikhaylovich (I.M.) Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia.Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Research Center of Model-Informed Drug Development, Ivan Mikhaylovich (I.M.) Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia.
Modeling and Simulation Decisions FZ - LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Biorchestra Co., Ltd., Cambridge, MA, United States.
Research Center of Model-Informed Drug Development, Ivan Mikhaylovich (I.M.) Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia.Modeling and Simulation Decisions FZ - LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Russia.
Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia.Modeling and Simulation Decisions FZ - LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Corrigendum: Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application.

School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Exploitation potential and deep-rooted conformational relationships of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides.

Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States.Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States.
USDA-ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, United States.
Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States.Food Security Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States.
Division of Medicinal Products, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan.
Editorial: Host-diet-microbiome interactions in obesity prevention and treatment.

[This retracts the article on p. 114 in vol. 14, PMID: 38323281.].
miR-99b/let-7e/miR-125a cluster suppresses pancreatic cancer through regulation of NR6A1 [Retraction].

Formally, state parties are equal in all United Nations negotiations. In theory, every state, regardless of its size, economic or political power, has the same opportunities and rights to participate. Nevertheless, United Nations negotiations, such as those on climate, are often considered highly unequal in practice. Many states struggle to meaningfully engage in complex and highly technical multilateral negotiations, including because their delegations are smaller. Here we examine delegation size in United Nations climate negotiations through a procedural justice lens. Starting from normative principles of procedural justice, we argue that equitable negotiations demand the capability of all parties to send a sufficient number of delegates - around 15. Using descriptive analysis of data on delegation sizes of recent Conferences of the Parties, we then highlight that many parties in practice send smaller delegations. Based on these results, we suggest two routes for making climate negotiations more equitable: (i) providing additional resources to poor states to increase their delegation size; and (ii) trimming the overall negotiation agenda to lower the sufficiency threshold.
Center for International Studies, Sciences Po, Paris, France.
Department of Philosophy, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Procedural justice and (in)equitable participation in climate negotiations.

The impact of required durations of therapy for antibiotic orders at the time of order entry has not been reported. Requiring ordering clinicians to enter stop dates at the time of antibiotic order entry decreased DOT/1000 patient days for orders with empiric indication from 154 to 119 (-34.9 (-55.7 to -14)).
Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville TN, USA.
Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE
Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol. 2025;5(1):e45.
Requiring durations of therapy at the time of antibiotic order entry reduces antibiotic use.

The exponential distribution can provide a simple and appealing survival-time model in reliability analysis and life tests. Due to certain experimental designs, time limitations, budgetary requirements, and other reasons, however, only censored data can be obtained. In this paper, we propose a novel estimation procedure for the mean survival time of an exponential distribution under a sequential censoring scheme, which can be treated as a combination of type I censoring and type II censoring. The procedure makes a trade-off between estimation error and sampling cost, using the minimum number of observations. An extensive set of Monte Carlo simulations is conducted to further validate its remarkable performance. To demonstrate the practical applicability, we then implement this newly proposed procedure to assess the reliability of various Backblaze's hard disk models.
© 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.
Mathematics and Statistics Department, Connecticut College, New London, CT, USA.
Estimation of the mean exponential survival time under a sequential censoring scheme.

Physics Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli, Italy.
Editorial: Inorganic chemistry, polymer chemistry, and solid state chemistry editor's pick 2024.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, California, USA.
Further thoughts on a lower fibrinogen threshold prior to therapeutic plasma exchange.

Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkiye.
Letter: Relationships Between Inflammatory Parameters and Quantitative Flow Ratio May Be Misleading Because of Many Confounding Factors.

This study examined science capital among Finnish adults (N = 1572), who responded to 37 survey items assessing science capital. Factor analysis suggested four science capital dimensions: visiting science-related places, science attitudes, science-related self-efficacy, and early support for studying natural sciences. Higher education and higher parental education were linked to higher science capital across all dimensions. Older participants exhibited lower science-related self-efficacy, less early support, and more negative science attitudes than younger respondents. Age and education were stronger predictors of science-related self-efficacy and early encouragement for men than women, and mothers' education had a weaker effect on science-related self-efficacy for men. The results show that science capital is a multidimensional construct and highlights that younger generations in Finland have had more opportunities to develop their science capital. These findings emphasize the need for early and equitable support to foster positive science attitudes and participation.
Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland.
Public understanding of science (Bristol, England)
Science capital: Results from a Finnish population survey.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A
Correction to Resorbable Engineered Barrier Membranes for Oral Surgery Applications .

Correction to The Mechanics of Cilia and Flagella: What We Know and What We Need to Know .

Partial Heart Transplantation in Children: How to Preserve Donor Tissue Longer Than Orthotopic Heart Transplantation.

The ethical dimensions of human-AI (artificial intelligence) interaction demand attention. As artificial intelligence assistants become more anthropomorphized, will the public interact with AI as humans morally? This study applied content analysis to data from an online question-and-answer platform in China (N = 287) to explore the public's judgments of gratitude toward artificial intelligence assistants. The findings revealed the majority supports expressing gratitude, while a significant minority disagrees, indicating diverse ethical judgments. By further analyzing people's reasoning, this study found that supporters attribute gratitude to moral autonomy driven by virtue ethics, moral responsibility for responsible AI, and the perceived source identity of anthropomorphized AI as human, aligning with the Computers-are-Social-Actors paradigm. In contrast, opponents doubt AI's moral agency, highlighting the perceived source of AI as machines, and they judge that treating it with human manners is useless and potentially dangerous. These insights enhance the understanding of the public's view of ethical considerations regarding AI assistants, contribute to gratitude research in the context of human-AI interaction, extend the moral dimension of the Computers-are-Social-Actors paradigm, and emphasize the importance of moral and responsible AI use. Suggestions for future research based on the exploratory findings are also discussed.
University of Science and Technology of China, China.
Should we express gratitude in human-AI interaction: The online public's moral stance toward artificial intelligence assistants in China.

This study explores the relationship between children's academic performance and their results on cognitive function tests. Traditionally, cognitive test scores often reflect overall accuracy or speed. Yet, these overall scores are often influenced by both diverse executive functions (EF) and non-EF cognitive processes. To isolate specific cognitive functions, alternative scoring methods have been developed, which aim to measure one cognitive function more purely. We investigated whether combining traditional overall scores with alternative scores claiming to measure strategy use improves the prediction of children's academic performance. Three cognitive tests were administered: Verbal Fluency test, Design Fluency test, and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test, alongside factors such as age, IQ, sex, and parental education, in a sample of 132 Dutch-speaking children (aged 9.48-12.63 years; 61 girls). For each test, we calculated traditional total scores and alternative scores. Academic performance was assessed using arithmetic and reading tests, along with secondary school advice. The findings indicate that both traditional and alternative scores positively correlate with secondary school advice and children's arithmetic and reading performance, but not with parental reports. Combining traditional and alternative scores enhances predictive accuracy for only arithmetic outcomes. However, once IQ was controlled for, the predictive value of alternative scores focused on strategy use diminished. Consequently, our findings suggest that combining both scoring methods can offer a superior prediction of academic outcomes, at least in arithmetic, underscoring their merit in psychodiagnostics assessment.
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Advanced Computing Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Macro, International, and Labour Economics, School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence
Traditional and alternative scores in performance tests to measure executive functions: differential associations with children's academic performance.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease. Despite advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of AAA, significant knowledge gaps persist. Recent evidence increasingly implicates mitochondrial dysfunction as a contributing factor that exacerbates AAA, inducing further expansion of aneurysm, rupture, and subsequent death. This review summarizes the latest research findings and theories associated with AAA pathogenesis, with a particular focus on mitochondrial dysfunction in AAA, including mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial morphology, oxidation and antioxidation, normal functioning of the respiratory chain, mitochondrial mutations, and the regulation of other mitochondrial signaling pathways. Moreover, we highlight potential medical interventions based on regulating mitochondrial function for AAA treatment.
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China.
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China.Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China.
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China.Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, China.Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases,) Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Potential Therapy For Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by high heterogeneity, and the current European Leukemia Net (ELN) risk stratification system is not universally applicable to all AML patients, requiring approximately three weeks for testing.This study aimed to develop an applicable prognostic tool capable of addressing the limitations of current methods. We selected AML patients from the clinic and TCGA database to explore the role of ER stress in response to chemotherapy.Patients from the TCGA database were employed as the training cohort, and two GEO datasets were used as external validation cohorts. Univariate/multivariate COX and LASSO regression were exemplified to establish the prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier and timedependent ROC were used to assess and compare the efficiency of the model with ELN stratification and other models. In the training cohort, we selected 5 ER stress-related genes to predict chemosensitivity and establish the ERS-5 prognostic model.The model successfully predicted the overall survival of patients (p < 0.0001, HR = 4.86 (2.79-8.44); AUC = 0.83). It was verified in validation cohorts and could further stratify the risk of various AML subgroups. It also enhanced the ability of ELN to predict the response of patients with AML to main chemotherapeutic drugs. Finally, an ERS-5 risk score was constructed by the nomogram based on the ERS-5 model and age.Consequently, in this study, the ERS-5 model was constructed, which allowed more rapid (about 3 hours) and accurate risk stratification and complemented the ability of ELN to assess chemosensitivity.
National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 10005, P.R. China.Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China.Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 10005, P.R. China.
Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, P.R. China.
Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Hebei, The second hospital of Hebei Medical University. Shijiazhuang, 050000, P.R. China.
Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery
Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2025-02-07;():.
The ER Stress-related Gene Prognostic Signature for Predicting Chemosensitivity and Prognosis in AML.

Recent advancements in the synthesis of novel heterocyclic compounds, particularly oxadiazole derivatives, have garnered significant interest due to their broad pharmacological activities. Despite the oxadiazole ring being a relatively small structure, its derivatives have shown considerable therapeutic potential across a range of diseases. These compounds have been explored for a variety of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, hypoglycemic, antitubercular, anxiolytic, antimicrobial, antitumor, and anticancer properties. The growing issue of drug resistance has further fueled research into the therapeutic promise of oxadiazolebased compounds, particularly for their ability to target resistant diseases.This review aims to highlight the pharmacological profiles of oxadiazole derivatives, with a focus on how structural modifications can enhance their activity against specific therapeutic targets. Additionally, the review seeks to explore strategies for overcoming resistance mechanisms associated with these compounds, underscoring their potential in addressing emerging drugresistant diseases.Oxadiazole derivatives represent a promising class of compounds with significant therapeutic potential, particularly in the face of increasing drug resistance. Their diverse pharmacological activities and ability to be structurally optimized for specific therapeutic targets position them as valuable candidates for further research. Continued exploration of oxadiazole derivatives, with an emphasis on overcoming resistance, may lead to the development of novel treatments for a variety of challenging diseases.
Department of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602105, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, SBMCH, Chromepet.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India.
School of Pharmacy, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai.
A Pharmacological Update of Oxadiazole Derivatives: A Review.

The escalating growth and global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance underscore the urgency for the discovery of innovative antimicrobial agents. Antibacterial Peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising candidates, distinctly outperforming conventional antibiotics due to their mitigated propensity for resistance development, expansive antibiofilm activity, and capacity to favorably modulate host immune responses. Consequently, AMPs have garnered significant attention in medical research circles and are anticipated to serve as novel therapeutic alternatives in combating microbial infections, particularly those involving drug-resistant bacteria, thereby inaugurating a novel paradigm in treatment strategies. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate structural and physicochemical attributes of AMPs, providing a concise overview. It further examines the advancements and anticipated clinical trajectories of AMP research, with a pivotal focus on elucidating their antimicrobial mechanisms and the intricate interplay between structure and activity. The aim of this review is twofold: firstly, to enhance the scientific community's comprehension of the antimicrobial mechanisms and Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) across all classes of AMPs; secondly, to address existing research gaps in the SAR of AMPs, thereby laying a solid foundation for future research endeavors and facilitating the development of these promising therapeutic agents.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
The Functional Mechanism and Structure-Activity Relationship of Antibacterial Peptides.

Breast cancer remains a critical health concern, requiring continual innovation in treatment to improve patient outcomes. The continuous obstacles in therapy and the need for novel techniques underline the importance of making advances in this discipline. Precision medicine has emerged as a viable method, with genomic profiling and molecular subtyping allowing for targeted therapy based on distinct breast cancer subtypes. This strategy is supplemented by advances in early detection and screening, with technologies like liquid biopsy promising earlier and more accurate diagnosis. The introduction of immunotherapy has transformed breast cancer treatment by using the body's immune system to combat cancer. Recent discoveries, particularly combination medicines, attempt to circumvent resistance mechanisms and improve treatment success. Furthermore, including lifestyle therapies such as nutrition, exercise, and psychological support has been demonstrated to reduce breast cancer risk and strengthen survivability rates. Survivorship programs serve an important role in comprehensive care by addressing long-term needs and enhancing survivors' quality of life. Investigating innovative therapeutic approaches, such as developing cancer vaccines, epigenetic modulators, and RNA interference (RNAi) therapy, provides new treatment options. Fostering collaboration among healthcare personnel through shared decision-making and tumor committees is essential for the integration of multidisciplinary care, which ensures patientcentered care. Although advancements have been made, there are still numerous obstacles to overcome in the implementation of these future directions. To effectively confront these obstacles, it is imperative to capitalize on opportunities for innovation and collaboration. It is imperative to address ethical, social, and economic factors in the advancement of breast cancer care to ensure that innovations are equitable and accessible. In conclusion, the future of breast cancer management is bright since substantial improvements are on the verge of turning patient treatment into a completely different experience. For these breakthroughs to become a reality, it is necessary to maintain research efforts, advocate for them, and work together. The dedication to innovation and the joint effort to overcome current problems are the two important factors that will determine whether or not breast cancer treatment and surviving will have a better future.
Department of Biotechnology & Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh-202146, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, 202002, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Paramedical Sciences, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh-202146, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India.
School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun.
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Science, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh-202146, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura- 140417, Punjab, India.
Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
Recent Advancements in Breast Cancer Therapies and Biomarkers: Mechanisms and Clinical Significance.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the causal relationship between the consumption of processed and red meats (specifically pork, beef, and mutton) and susceptibility to various lung cancer types.Previous observational studies have indicated a potential cancer risk associated with red and processed meat consumption. However, a clear causal relationship remains undetermined.Refining the study of the association between processed and red meat and lung cancer using a Mendelian randomization study.We harnessed the robustness of Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization, integrating data from the esteemed UK Biobank, capturing dietary habits with oncological datasets from the Transdisciplinary Research In Cancer of the Lung. The analytical approach was anchored in the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, enriched by sensitivity analyses for result validation.Genetic predispositions favoring processed meat consumption are linked to heightened risks of lung cancer [IVW analysis, OR=1.8203, 95%CI [1.1115,2.9811], p=0.0173], and in LUSC [IVW analysis, OR=2.9274, 95%CI [1.4810,5.7863], p=0.0020]. Beef was more important in lung cancer [IVW analysis, OR=4.6739, 95% CI [2.4947, 8.7570], p=0.000001], in LUSC [IVW analysis, OR=3.3251, 95%CI [1.2055,9.1717], p=0.0203] and in LUAD [IVW analysis, OR=7.1480, 95%CI [3.0074,16.9893], p=0.000008]. However, no significant links were identified between mutton or pork intake and lung cancer.Processed meat and beef consumption may elevate lung cancer risk. Additional research is warranted to investigate potential links between mutton or pork consumption and the risk of lung cancer.
Cancer Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, China.
Linking Processed and Red Meat Consumption to Specific Lung Cancer Subtypes: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

PARP1 (poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1, also known as ADPRT1) plays a significant role in DNA repair and has become an attractive target for treating PARP1-related diseases, such as cancer.This study aimed to discover inhibitors targeting PARP1 from the phytochemicals of Huangbai (Phellodendron chinense Schneid.), Baixianpi (Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.), and Shechuangzi (Cnidium monnieri (L.) Spreng.).The chemical compositions of Huangbai, Baixianpi, and Shechuangzi were extracted from the HERB database. Next, a combination of molecular docking and PARP1 enzyme assay was used to identify PARP1 inhibitors from these chemical components. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation were used to explore the detailed interaction mode of these inhibitors with PARP1.A total of 507 chemical constituents of Huangbai, Baixianpi, and Shechuangzi were collected from the HERB database. Four potential PARP1 inhibitors were screened based on molecular docking and PARP1 enzyme assay. Demethyleneberberine exhibited strong PARP1 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 2.0 ± 0.8 μM. The IC50 values of the inhibitory activities of 8-hydroxy dictanmnine, meranzin hydrate, and osthol on PARP1 ranged from 44 μM to 76 μM. Molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation suggested that the nonpolar interaction energies of HIS862, GLY863, TYR889, TYR896, PHE897, and TYR907 played a primary role in the binding of inhibitors to PARP1.Integrating molecular simulation and bioactivity testing was found to be an effective approach for the rapid discovery of targeted PARP1 inhibitors. Demethyleneberberine demonstrated strong PRAP1 inhibitory activity and has a good prospect for development.
Department of Medical Technology, Qiandongnan Vocational and Technical College for Nationalities, Kaili 556000, China.
College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
The Affiliated Dazu's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Dazu 402360, China.
Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates))
Discovery of the PARP1 Inhibitors from Natural Compounds Using Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Bioactivity Evaluation.

Melanoma is considered the deadliest form of skin cancer. While monoclonal-antibodies and molecular targets marked milestones in melanoma therapy, more research is needed to overcome the advanced stages of this disease.To explore the possible use of the yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase fusion enzyme/5-fluorocytosine (CD::UPRT/5FC) suicide gene (SG) system for human melanoma.In eight metastatic human melanoma cell lines, we determined: cytotoxicity, lipofection efficiencies, colony forming capacity and bystander effects due to soluble and/or particulate factors secreted to the conditioned media after treatments.CD::UPRT induced cell death in a prodrug (5FC) concentration-dependent manner and was able to eliminate the sub-population of surviving cells with clonogenic capacity. Compared with human interferon-β gene transfer or the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system, at 100 μM 5FC, CD::UPRT was more efficient in inducing cell death. The strong cytotoxic response contrasted with the low lipofection efficiencies (<5%), indicating a potent bystander effect. We analyzed the contribution of soluble and particulate factors released by SG lipofected cells to the conditioned media (CM) finding that they were able to deliver CD::UPRT genetic information and/or recombinant enzyme to recipient cells. When exposed to 5FC, the cells that received either supernatant or 12000×g pellet fractions of CM, efficiently activated the prodrug because of the acquired CD::UPRT activity and caused cell death.This suicide gene therapy approach, amplified by the release of free 5-fluorouracil and soluble and particulate factors containing CD::UPRT genetic information and/or enzyme, could have a great clinical potential for malignant melanoma.
Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología 'Ángel H. Roffo', Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The Suicide Gene System Cytosine Deaminase::Uracylphosphoribosyltransferase/ 5-fluorocytosine Displays a Strong Cytotoxic Effect on Human Melanoma Cells.

Liver cancer is considered one of the most common types of cancer and a major cause of ephemerality worldwide having a higher prevalence rate in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a serum glycoprotein that belongs to a class of oncodevelopmental proteins and is also involved in tumor formation.In the current effort, a hybrid approach of virtual screening followed by pharmacophore generation and molecular dynamic simulation analyses were performed. The screened top-ranked 10 docked compounds from the selected anti-cancer compound library were utilized to generate the ligand-based pharmacophore. Virtual screening was performed two-dimensional similarity search against the selected natural compound library based on their physicochemical properties. It was observed that all the compounds from the anti-cancer compound library and natural compound library showed similar binding resides.Therefore, the top-ranked screened compounds that showed the least binding energy and highest binding affinity against AFP, obtained through the anti-cancer drug library and natural compound library were reported. The molecular docking analyses revealed that Leu-219, His-222, Lys-242, Lys-246, His-316, Glu-318, Ala-366, Val-367, Gly-475, Ile-479, Ala-471, Asp-478 were observed as potential residues for interaction.The observed results of virtual screening, molecular docking, and MD simulation analyses entail noteworthy observations illustrating that NC002 was a potent inhibitor. The proposed compound NC002 may have potential against liver cancer by targeting AFP based on MD simulation analyses, PCA, and MM-GBSA.
Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.Department of Botany, Government. Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.Department of Homoeopathic, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Department of Biology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
In silico Identification and Computational Screening of Potential AFP Inhibitors Against Liver Cancer.

Cancer epidemiological studies highlight the critical need for identifying better treatment options against cancer. Plants have been widely studied to obtain their efficacy as potent therapeutic agents to treat several diseases, including cancer. Interestingly, some phytocompounds, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and organosulphur compounds [OSCs], have been demonstrating their potential role in combating several pathologies, including the second most devasting disease, cancer, which contributes a significant portion of annual mortality cases. Several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico investigations have recently established remarkable properties of phytocompounds such as antioxidant effects, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of metastasis, autophagy modulation, cell cycle regulation, and chemosensitization that lead to cancer suppression. This underscores the great potential of phytocompounds to contribute as an effective anticancerous drug for the prevention of cancer cases and advancement in cancer research. Therefore, comprehending the complicated mechanism involved in the anticancerous effects of phytocompounds against several carcinomas is crucial to establishing novel therapeutic strategies. Thus, this review tends to summarize the involvement of the most promising classes of phytompounds in cancer management and highlights several clinical trial data that demonstrate significant results in managing diverse carcinomas.
MPA Research, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura- 140401, Punjab, India.
Department of Biotechnology, University Centre of Research and Development, Chandigarh University Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN [Deemed to be University], Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh group of colleges, Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, Punjab, India.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab.
Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh-531162, India.
Department of Life Sciences, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun.
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Unveiling the Anticancer Potential of Phytocompounds: Pioneering Future Cancer Therapies.

A simple and efficient synthesis of 14 new (9a-9n) N-phenacyl-2-pyridones with good yields (up to 75%), is reported. The synthesized derivatives were screened for their in vitro radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), their in vitro antimicrobial potential was tested against human pathogenic bacterial strains, including Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as the fungal strain Candida albicans.All compounds displayed modest antioxidant activity, with compound 9b being the most potent in the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited good to excellent antimicrobial activity, however, the compounds (9d, and 9b) showed maximum inhibition zone diameters of 18.75, and 18.25mm respectively, demonstrating better antimicrobial potential than the standard drug streptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus.However, the compound 9f was found most effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 23.25 mm zone of inhibition against a 17.50 mm zone of inhibition of the standard, streptomycin. Molecular docking of the compounds 9d and 9f with tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase revealed good binding with the target.The electron-withdrawing substituents on the aryl ring of synthesized N-phenacyl-2- pyridones improved the antioxidant activity, however, for Gram-positive bacteria, less lipophilic or more hydrophilic substituents, such as halogens, displayed better antimicrobial activity. Similarly, it was the more lipophilic substitutions on the aryl ring that improved the antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, 125004, India.
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, 125004, India.
Unlocking the Biological Potential of 2-Pyridones: Synthesis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of N-Phenacylated 5/6-Chloro-2-pyridones.

Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a major concern and is caused by all classes of medications, indicating a key area of research. Antitubercular drugs have a beneficial effect but cause hepatotoxicity on prolonged use.The present work aimed to investigate the role of rifampicin-induced hepatic damage and the effect of Cliv-92 on rifampicin-induced alteration in rats.Rats were administered with rifampicin, Cliv-92, and silymarin (standard) orally in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) suspension, in doses of 100 mg/kg, once daily for fourteen days, one hour before the administration of rifampicin. Control animals were treated with 0.5% CMC. On the 14th day, 1hr after the last drug administration, tissue was collected, homogenized, and various parameters, viz. SOD, CAT, GPX, and cytochromes, were estimated from rat liver supernatant and compared with the control group. Blood serum parameters were also measured. Simultaneously, antioxidant activity and in silico studies were performed. The constituent isoforms of Cliv-92 and silymarin and their metabolites were analyzed for different pharmacokinetic characteristics. Silymarin was used as a standard drug.The result of the study suggests that the hepatoprotective potential of Cliv-92 is due to its antioxidant property and inhibitory effect on hepatoproteins, cytochromes (CPY450). An in-silico finding validates the safety profile of Cliv-92, its metabolites, and the standard drug silymarin and also explains that the drug is non-mutagenic.The result of this study indicated that both Cliv-92 and silymarin could be used to avoid drug-induced overload and hepatic damage.
Molecular Bioprospection & Product Development Division.
Technology Dissemination & Computational Biology Division.
Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O.- CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow -226015, (U.P.), India.
Government Pharmacy College, BRD Medical College campus, Gorakhpur, 273013, (U.P.), India.
In vivo and In Silico Pharmacokinetics Studies on Coumarinolignoid Cliv-92: Unraveling its Effect on Rifampicin-Induced Hepatic Damage.

Neurological illnesses encompass a broad spectrum of conditions that affect the brain, spine, and nerves, often impairing daily functioning. The global prevalence of these illnesses is rising, posing significant health challenges. This study investigates the beneficial effects of probiotics and postbiotics in managing various neurological disorders, providing a comprehensive analysis of their use in treating these conditions. The article explores innovative, holistic approaches to neurological care, emphasizing patient-centered therapeutic interventions. Compelling evidence suggests that probiotics and postbiotics positively impact several neurological diseases. Specifically, the findings indicate that these treatments can modulate the gut-brain axis, reduce neuroinflammation, and enhance neuronal protection. The study highlights the potential of specific bacteria and their byproducts to ameliorate neurological disorders. Despite promising results, the current data underscore the challenges in future research on the therapeutic benefits of probiotics and postbiotics for neurological illnesses and underscores the critical role of the gut-brain connection and the microbiome in maintaining neurological health. It also examines the safety and feasibility of using probiotics and postbiotics as adjunct therapies, delving into the mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects. Probiotics and postbiotics demonstrate a capacity to enhance the regenerative potential of the human brain, and recent evaluations provide additional evidence supporting their efficacy and safety. However, further rigorous clinical trials are necessary to validate these findings and establish the most effective therapeutic strategies for treating neurological disorders.
Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Research Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Application of Probiotics and Postbiotics in Neurological Disorders.

To identify potential phytochemical-based drugs for both wild-type and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 using virtual screening and molecular dynamic simulation.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Since 2019, multiple variants have been reported from all over the world and the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 is a major concern.To identify potential phytochemicals that can be used as drugs against different variants of SARS-CoV-2.In our present study, we have selected 594 phytochemicals and performed virtual screening to identify potential drug candidates. The screening commenced with molecular docking techniques with both ACE2 (Human) and Spike protein (wild-type and Omicron variant), followed by prediction of pharmacokinetics parameters and toxicity. The Schrodinger tools, Swiss ADME, and ProTox-II accomplish the analysis. Further, molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation and meta-dynamics study was performed for best protein-ligand complexes of both proteins using GROMACS and gmx_MMPBSA to validate the stability of the docked complexes.we have identified 6 and 4 drugs as spike protein inhibitors for wild-type and Omicron variants, respectively. 6 drugs were identified as ACE2 receptor inhibitors. We have identified silymarin as a common drug inhibitor for both pathogen (Wild-type, and Omicrons spikes) as well as host (human ACE2) protein that reflects its ability to inhibit the host-pathogen interaction and prevent infection.We have found some potential Phytochemicals that can be used against different variants of SARS-CoV-2 such as silymarin.
Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India.Birla Institute of Scientific Research, Jaipur India.School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India.
Department of Bioinformatics, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry, India.Birla Institute of Scientific Research, Jaipur India.
Birla Institute of Scientific Research, Jaipur India.Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Lucknow campus, India.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, MD, USA.
In silico Study of Antiviral Phytochemicals for the Potential Drug Development Against Wild-type and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with difficult management, affecting the quality of life. Stem cell therapy has been proven to have regenerative ability. Using the existing stem cell therapy and modifying it, the current study aims to evaluate the effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSC), condition media (CM), and UCMSC and CM preconditioned with methotrexate, reservetrol, and vitamin D for its ability to manage T1DM in Swiss albino mice.Disease condition was established in the animals by using a diabetesinducing agent streptozotocin (STZ). Then the animals were grouped into normal control, disease control, standard, and test groups; and the treatments were given accordingly. The total study period for this experiment was 28 days. During this period, the animals were supervised for blood glucose levels, food-water intake, and body weight twice a week. At the end of 28 days, the biochemical estimations for serum insulin level, C-peptide, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines level were done. Also, histopathology of the pancreas was performed.The test groups showed a significant decline in the blood glucose level, an increase in C-peptide level, and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines as compared to the disease group. A statistically significant change was not observed within the groups in terms of serum insulin and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. There were improvements in diabetic symptoms in treatment groups, such as polyphagia, polydipsia, and weight loss. Treatment groups also showed pancreatic regeneration, indicating improved insulin secretion.In the present study, we concluded that UCMSC, CM, and UCMSC and CM preconditioned with synthetic and natural immunosuppressants and immunomodulators have the ability to regenerate damaged pancreatic beta cells and have an antidiabetic activity, along with an immunomodulating effect. This therapy is a promising choice for future research.
Clinical Research and Pharmacovigilance, Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd., Hadapsar, Pune, India.
Director Research, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India.
Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India.
Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune, India.
Recent advances in inflammation & allergy drug discovery
Recent Adv Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2025-02-07;():.
Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells or their Secretome in Diabetic Mice with or without Preconditioning Treatment.

Neuromorphic circuits and devices have been introduced in the last decades as elements of a key strategy for developing of new paradigms of computation, inspired by the intent to mimic elementary neuron structure and biological mechanisms, for the overcoming of energy and timeconsuming bottlenecks achieved by digital computing (DC) technologies. Although the term neuromorphic is in common use, its meaning is often misunderstood and indistinctly associated with many different technologies, based on both conventional and unconventional electronic components and architectures. Here an overview of the different technological strategies used for developing neuromorphic computing systems is proposed, with an insight on the neuromorphic features they implement and a special focus on the technological strategies and patents that exploit unconventional computing paradigms.
Dipartimento di Fisica Aldo Pontremoli and CIMaINa, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
Advances in Neuromorphic Computing Devices: Insights on Both Conventional and Unconventional Architectures.

Nitrogen mustards exert their anticancer activity by alkylating DNA. However, except for alkylating DNA, nitrogen mustards may alkylate other bio-molecules to cause off-target effects due to their highly active functional groups. So, more exposure of DNA from chromosomes can facilitate the binding of nitrogen mustards to DNA to present stronger anticancer activity, simultaneously avoiding more side effects.To design and synthesize the 4-phenylbutanoic acid-chlorambucil conjugates and valproic acid-chlorambucil conjugates. Upon cellular internalization, the two conju-gates can more strongly damage the DNA of cancer cells due to the more exposure of cel-lular DNA caused by 4-phenylbutanoic acid or valproic acid.To validate this hypothesis, we designed and synthesized two hybrids of chlo-rambucil with 4-phenylbutanoic acid and valproic acid, denoted as compound 2a and compound 2b respectively. The antitumor activity of the aforementioned hybrids was evaluated by the MTT method, mitochondrial membrane potential analysis, apoptosis as-say, DNA damage assay, and scratch assay respectively.Compound 2a and compound 2b were synthesized via esterification. The results of bioactivity evaluation showed compound 2a and compound 2b had stronger cytotoxici-ty against breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells than chlorambucil. More importantly, toward triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, compound 2a ex-hibited significantly greater cytotoxicity compared to both compound 2b and chlorambu-cil. Further studies were conducted on MDA-MB-231 cells, showing that compound 2a could more strongly decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, induce cell apopto-sis, and damage cellular DNA compared to compound 2b and chlorambucil. Interestingly, in combating the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells, the results exhibited that compound 2b had a much stronger anti-migratory effect than compound 2a, inconsistent with the aforementioned in vitro cytotoxicity.These findings demonstrate that the combination of nitrogen mustards with histone deacetylase inhibitors is an effective strategy to exert synergistic anti-tumor ef-fects.
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei 230088, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital of The University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230031, China.
The Conjugation of Chlorambucil with 4-Phenylbutanoic Acid and Valproic Acid respectively for Enhancing Anti-tumor Activity.

Paraquat (PQ) is a common herbicide, and its mortality results from injury to several organs, including the kidneys. Nanocurcumin and curcumin have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities, but their involvement in PQ-induced kidney damage is unclear. Therefore, the goal of our study was to compare nanocurcumin and curcumin in male rats whose kidneys were damaged by PQ.42 eight-week male albino Wistar rats were put into six groups at random as control, control + curcumin, control + nanocurcumin, PQ, PQ + curcumin, PQ + nanocurcumin for 7 days. The kidney tissues and serum were collected at the end of this period. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol Molecule (TTM), urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were assessed. The histopathological evaluation of kidney damage was performed at the end of our study. Moreover, the gene expression was assessed by biochemical and Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.Curcumin and nanocurcumin administration alleviated PQ-induced renal injury, as evidenced by reduced serum creatinine and BUN levels. The levels of antioxidant markers, like TAC and TTM, increased and decreased the levels of oxidative stress indexes like LPO. Furthermore, our result shows up-regulating the expression of nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2), NAD (P) H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and down-regulating the expression of Kelchlike ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) in renal tissue.Niosomal curcumin was more advantageous than ordinary curcumin in lowering oxidative stress and renal tissue damage induced by paraquat intoxication.
Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Medical Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Ameliorating Paraquat-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Protective Effects of Nanocurcumin on Renal Histology and Molecular Pathways.

CNS illnesses specified by slow deprivation of especially preganglionic neurons, as opposed to the selective static neuronal loss caused by a toxic or metabolic condition, are known as Neurodegenerative disorders. Neurodegenerative disorders are differentiated clinically by behavioral or cognitive problems. The management and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders pose significant challenges, necessitating a multidimensional approach. While primarily designed for psychiatric conditions, antipsychotics have shown potential in ameliorating behavioral and psychological symptoms in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This review explores the existing literature, highlighting the potential benefits, risks, and considerations associated with incorporating antipsychotics into the treatment paradigm for neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, it discusses the evolving landscape of personalized treatment strategies, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes in the complex realm of neurodegenerative disorder management.
Faculty of Pharmacy DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India.
Manager in IPR Kusum Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India.
An Emerging Prospective of Antipsychotics for Treating Neurodegenerative Disorders.

This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on urticaria, aiming to chart its progression, assess its relevance, and explore the roles of oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunity in its pathogenesis. Additionally, by analyzing data from PubMed and Scopus, we mapped research trends, identified leading authors and institutions, and examined global collaboration patterns. We also evaluated the impact of oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunity on urticaria and assessed the roles of both conventional and traditional medicine in its management. The results highlight the evolution of urticaria research, key contributors, thematic developments, and collaborative networks. This study offers a detailed bibliometric profile and thematic map, including insights into effective authors, prominent keywords, and significant research patterns. The findings are valuable for medical researchers, providing an updated overview of current themes and gaps, and are also beneficial for healthcare decision-makers by summarizing relevant information for strategic planning and fostering new collaborations. Additionally, the study integrates biological aspects related to urticaria with insights into traditional treatments, contributing to both research and practical management strategies.
Department of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, Pakistan.
National Institute of Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China.
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China.
Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China.
College of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
Botany & Microbiology Department, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
A Bibliometric Analysis on Urticaria: Roles of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Immunity, and Treatment Modalities.

This study investigated many cancer medicines using a wide range of degree sum-based topological indices and entropy. These numerical numbers, commonly referred to as topological indices or molecular descriptors, depict a substance's molecular structure. They have been successfully used to properly reflect different physicochemical properties in a number of Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) and Quanti-tative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) research studies.The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between topological neighborhood indices and physicochemical properties using the QSPR model and linear re-gression methodology.We employed linear regression methodology within the QSPR model to examine the connections between physicochemical characteristics and topological neighborhood in-dices.The results revealed a significant correlation between the neighborhood indices un-der scrutiny and the physicochemical features of the potential drugs under investigation.As a result, both neighborhood topological indices and entropy demonstrate potential as valuable tools for future QSPR investigations when evaluating anticancer medi-cations.
Viswajyothi College of Engineering and Technology, Department of Science and Humanities.
Vellore Institute of Technology University, School of Advanced Sciences, Department of Mathematics.
University of Manchester, Department of Solids and Structures, School of Engineering.
Exploring Neighborhood Topological Descriptors for Quantitative Structure-property Relationship (QSPR) Analysis and Entropy Measures of Some Anti-cancer Drugs.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Given the increasing age of the general population, PD has emerged as a significant public health and societal concern, impacting both individual well-being and socioeconomic progress. The present interventions have proven insufficient in impeding the progressive nature of PD. Consequently, it is imperative to promptly identify efficacious strategies for the prevention and treatment of PD. Icaritin (ICT) is a flavonoid extracted from Epimedium Brevicornu Maxim that is a phytoestrogen with antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiaging, and neuroprotective properties. This paper reviews the protective effect of ICT on dopaminergic neurons through anti-oxidative stress, improving mitochondrial function, inhibiting neuroinflammatory responses, reducing Lewy body formation, and decreasing apoptosis. The primary objective of this article is to provide valuable insights and serve as a reference for the potential use of ICT in the prevention and treatment of PD.
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.First Clinical Medical School of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Ganzhou Cancer Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Icaritin in Parkinson's Disease.

A special kind of posttranslational process known as proteolytic cleavage controls the half-lives and functions of several extracellular and intracellular proteins. The metalloproteinase ADAM10 has attracted attention because it cleaves a growing amount of protein substrates close to the extracellular membrane leaflet. The process known as ectodomain shedding controls the turnover of certain transmembrane proteins that are essential for receptor signaling and cell adhesion. It may trigger nuclear transport, intramembrane proteolysis, and cytoplasmic domain signaling. Additional human illnesses linked to ADAM10 include cancer, immune system malfunction, and neurodegeneration. The difficulty in targeting proteases for medicinal reasons stems from the many substrates that these enzymes, particularly ADAM10, have. It is usually necessary to precisely identify the therapeutic beneficial window of use since blocking or accelerating a particular protease activity is linked with undesirable side effects. More knowledge of the regulatory pathways governing ADAM10 expression, subcellular localization, and activity will probably lead to the identification of viable therapeutic targets, enabling more targeted and precise manipulation of the enzyme's proteolytic activity.
Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pharm chemistry, Pune, Maharashtra, 411038, India.
Department of Pharm Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India.
A Valuable Target for Therapy: The Metalloproteinase ADAM10.

Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.Department of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.Department of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery
Treatment Outcomes in Granular Parakeratosis: A Systematic Review.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising avenue for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, offering precise control over drug release and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review discusses recent advancements and challenges in nanotechnology-based approaches for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine. The small intestine presents unique challenges for drug delivery, including enzymatic degradation, low permeability, and rapid transit time. Nanotechnology offers solutions to these challenges by providing carriers capable of protecting drugs from degradation, enhancing their absorption, and facilitating site-specific delivery. Various nanocarrier systems have been explored for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles. These carriers can be functionalized with ligands targeting specific receptors or transporters expressed on the intestinal epithelium, enabling efficient uptake and intracellular delivery of drugs. Additionally, nanotechnology enables the controlled release of drugs, allowing for sustained and/or triggered release profiles tailored to the physiological conditions of the small intestine. This precise control over drug release can improve therapeutic outcomes while minimizing systemic side effects. Despite the significant progress in nanotechnology-based drug delivery to the small intestine, several challenges remain. These include achieving sufficient drug loading capacity, ensuring biocompatibility and safety of nanocarriers, and addressing regulatory concerns associated with their clinical translation. In conclusion, nanotechnology holds immense potential for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, offering solutions to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. Addressing the remaining challenges will be crucial for realizing the full therapeutic benefits of nanotechnology in treating diseases affecting the small intestine.
Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India.
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Uttar P radesh, India.
Nanotechnology-based Approaches for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Small Intestine: Advancements and Challenges.

The misfolding and aggregation of amyloid proteins are closely associated with a range of neurodegenerative diseases. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) can initiate the aggregation of proteins, indicating that LLPS may serve as an alternative pathway for the pathological aggregation of amyloid proteins. The co-occurrence of two or more amyloid pathologies has been observed in extensive pathophysiological studies and is linked to faster disease progression. The co- LLPS (also known as co-condensation) and co-aggregation of different disease-related proteins have been proposed as a potential molecular mechanism for combined neuropathology. Here, we reviewed the current state of knowledge regarding the co-aggregation and co-condensation of various amyloid proteins, including Aβ, tau, α-synuclein, TDP-43, FUS, and hnRNPA/B protein family, C9orf72 dipeptide repeats and prion protein. We briefly introduced the epidemiological correlation among different neurodegenerative diseases and specifically presented recent experimental findings about co-aggregation and co-condensation of two different amyloid proteins. Additionally, we discussed computational studies focusing on the molecular interactions between amyloid proteins to offer mechanistic insights into the co-LLPS and co-aggregation processes. This review provides an overview of the synergistic interactions between different disease-related proteins, which is helpful for understanding the mechanisms of combined neuropathology and developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China.
Recent Advances in Co-Condensation and Co-Aggregation of Amyloid Proteins Linked to Neurodegenerative Diseases.

20α-hydroxyprogesterone [(20S)-20-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, 20α-DHP] is one of the endogenous metabolites of progesterone (Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, P4) and a steroid hormone. The literature related to 20α-DHP mainly concentrates on the years from the 1950s to 1970s, and a review of 20α-DHP has not been conducted. In this work, the endogenous and exogenous sources of 20α-DHP are introduced, and methods for determining 20α-DHP in biological samples are described. The biological activities of 20α-DHP are summarized in detail, including the maintenance of pregnancy, endometrial protection, regulation of hormone secretion, ovulation promotion, uterine epithelial cell proliferation, antagonism of breast cancer, and as a diagnostic indicator for psoriasis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Finally, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 20α- DHP are briefly introduced to provide a reference for the further development and utilization of 20α-DHP.
College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.
College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Active Components and Drug Release Technology of Natural Drugs, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830017, China.
Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2025-02-10;():.
Advances in Sources, Content Determination, and Bioactivity of 20α-Hydroxyprogesterone.

The primary presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection is viral pneumonia, which may be complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome, although several other manifestations can occur.. Endocrine implications have been described. Pheochromocytomas are rare tumors mainly originating in the adrenal medulla. Symptoms are primarily due to catecholamine overproduction and abrupt release. Catecholamine release is unregulated and could be continuous or paroxysmal. Some conditions (i.e., stress, physical exercise, or specific foods) can trigger catecholamine release. Sars-CoV-2 infections have not been previously described as precipitators of adrenergic crises in pheochromocytoma patients. In this study, we report a case of adrenal crisis of a patient affected by pheochromocytoma in the context of Sars-CoV-2 infection.A 63-year-old Caucasian male known for right adrenal pheochromocytoma waiting for surgical removal was admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) in March 2021 for a fainting episode and hypertensive crisis that he never experienced before. The patient had a known medical history of type 2 mellitus diabetes and hypercholesterolemia treated by slow-release metformin 500 mg/day and atorvastatin 40 mg/day and was not vaccinated for Sars-CoV-2. Two months before, the patient was hospitalized in another hospital for myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries, and a chest-abdomen TC scan showed a right adrenal lodge occupied by coarse formation. In the 24-h urine sample, metanephrines were >5000 μg/24h and Normetanephrines >2500 μg/24h. Scintigraphy with 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) showed accumulation in right adrenal gland formation, confirming the suspicion of pheochromocytoma. No further areas of pathological uptake were present. Fort that, the patient was started on alpha-blockers (doxazosin 2 mg twice/day). Two weeks later, the patient was also prescribed metoprolol 50 mg twice/day. When admitted to the Emergency Department (ED), Blood Pressure (BP) was 210/108 mmHg with a heart rate of 105 bpm. A routine nasopharyngeal swab for Sars-CoV-2 was performed, resulting positive. After an extra dosage of 2 mg of doxazosin and 20 mg of nifedipine, symptoms addressed to catecholamine release disappeared. Being positive for Sars-CoV-19, the patient was transferred to the infectious diseases department. High mean BP was demonstrated at the control profile. Doxazosin was increased to 4 mg twice a day with a good effect on BP and tachycardia. After 10 days, the SARS-CoV-2 swab result was negative, and the patient was discharged with normal vital parameters and instructions to continue the increased dose of doxazosin. No other crisis was reported until surgery, which was performed without any complications after 1 month.Since the adrenal crisis is a life-threatening condition, we suggest close BP monitoring and therapeutic adherence in patients with pheochromocytoma waiting for surgery and living in areas characterized by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection. Moreover, we suggest considering an increase in alpha-blocker dosage to prevent the crisis.
Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Unit of Endocrinology, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli Gemelli Isola, Rome, Italy.
Unit of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Ospedale Paolo Borsellino.
Sars-Cov-2 Infection as Catecholamin Crisis in Pheocreomocitoma: A Case Report.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICPi) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAE), including thyroid dysfunction. The impact of ICPi on patients with pre-existing autoimmune thyroid diseases (PATD), particularly the development of Graves' disease, remains poorly understood.We provide the first complete case of Graves' disease with ICPi therapy in a patient who already had Hashimoto's thyroiditis.. The patient, a 52-year-old male, was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma and received Atezolizumab. Clinical evaluation revealed hyperthyroidism, confirmed by elevated thyroid hormones and autoantibodies (TRAb and TSAb). The patient was managed with methimazole and demonstrated a transient hyperthyroid phase followed by persistent hypothyroidism. Only 16 confirmed cases of Graves' disease induced by ICPi were reported. We conducted a review to investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis trends associated with ICPi-induced Graves disease in PTAD patients. Additionally, changes in thyroid function and autoantibodies during and after ICPi treatment are examined.This case underscores the importance of monitoring thyroid function and autoantibodies in patients with PATD undergoing ICPi therapy. The findings suggest distinct differences in the humoral immune response between ICPi-induced and spontaneous Graves' disease, necessitating further research into autoantibody dynamics and their relationship with cellular immunity in these patients.
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing, China.
ICPi-Induced Graves' Disease with Pre-existing Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders: A Case Report and Literature Review.

o-Aminophenol derivatives are of particular interest for their di-verse biological activities and potential therapeutic applications. Such as, antioxidant, an-tibacterial, and cytotoxic activities.This study aimed to design and synthesize a series of novel o-aminophenol de-rivatives through an efficient multi-step process, characterize them using modern spectro-scopic techniques, and evaluate their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities.A series of novel derivatives of o-aminophenol have been successfully synthe-sized with very high efficiency through a simple six-step process using readily available chemicals and straightforward reactions. The structures of all products were accurately de-termined using modern spectroscopic methods such as 1D and 2D NMR, as well as IR, MS spectroscopy, and X-ray methods. The antimicrobial activities of eight o-nitrophenol derivatives were assessed against Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria as well as fungi. In comparison, antioxidant activities were tested for two o-nitrophenol and 11 o-aminophenol derivatives using SC50 and EC50 assays. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on KB, HepG2, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines.Six synthesized compounds 5b, 5c, 5g, 6b, 6c, 6g exhibited unusual doublet sig-nals in the H8 region of the 1H NMR spectrum, attributed to atropisomer formation. Eight o-nitrophenol derivatives demonstrated weak antimicrobial activity, with MIC values ranging from 100 to 200 μg/mL. Compound 5g showed activity against all tested bacterial and fungal strains. In antioxidant testing, eight o-aminophenol derivatives 6a, 6b, 6c, 6e, 6f, 6h, 6i, and 12b displayed excellent activity, with SC50 values between 18.95 and 34.26 μg/mL, approaching ascorbic acid's SC50 value of 12.60 μg/mL. Three derivatives 6d, 6g, and 12a showed superior antioxidant activity with EC50 values between 4.00 and 11.25 μg/mL, surpassing quercetin's standard of 9.8 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that o-aminophenol derivatives 6b, 6c, 6f, 6i, and 12b exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on KB cell lines with IC50 values from 32 to 74.94 μg/mL. Compound 6i demonstrated mod-erate cytotoxic activity against HepG2, A549, and MCF7 cell lines, with IC50 values of 29.46, 71.29, and 80.02 μg/mL, respectively.Design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cyto-toxic activity, Evaluation of H8 signal anomalies in certain compounds, and Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
Department of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Science, Hong Duc University, Thanh Hoa, Vietnam.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel o-aminophenol Derivatives.

Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore.
Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore.Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, Singapore.
European journal of preventive cardiology
Gender-Specific Cardiovascular Risks in Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: A Call for Precision Medicine.

New benzazacamalexin-related analogues are synthesized in an easily accessible one-pot approach. The method is based on the reaction of indoles with in situ formed electrophilic N-alkoxycarbonylbenzimidazolium reagents. For the first time, their application for N-alkylation of the indole nitrogen atom is announced toward novel tris-heterocyclic hybrids. The structure of newly obtained products was spectrally charac-terized by 1D and 2D-NMR, FTIR and HRMS spectral data. The current scientific re-search is based on the application of a convenient and efficient route for the preparation of various benzimidazoles. This approach is both straightforward and economical, utilizing readily accessible and affordable reagents leading to target compounds.The synthesis of novel benzimidazole-indole molecular hybrids as benzazaca-malexin related analogues.A suitable in situ method has been successfully applied, using an α-amidoalkylation reaction of indoles with N,N-diacyliminium reagents derived from ben-zimidazoles and alkyl chloroformates.The reactions led to the obtaining of ten novel compounds (5a-e, 6a-e), including bromine and iodine-containing benzo-analogues on a gram-scale scope and yields ranging from 82% to 99%. For the first time the synthesis of indole tris-heterocycles (7a, b) through the reaction of N-alkylation of the indole nitrogen atom is announced giving an-other potential synthetic application of the N,N-dialkoxycarbonyl-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolium adducts.The structure of the newly synthesized products is spectrally analysed and proved.
Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Asen Str., 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, 4108, Markovo, Sofia, Bulgaria.
A Convenient one-pot Approach to the Synthesis of Novel Benzimidazole-Indole Molecular Hybrids as Benzazacamalexin Related Analogues.

Stigma interferes with all aspects of opioid use disorder (OUD) recovery. One way to reduce public stigma of OUD is through exposure to a type of digital storytelling, in which the public is exposed to outgroup storytellers sharing their experiences with recovery in short videos or narratives posted online. The past two decades have seen an explosion in digital storytelling projects, but we still have much to understand about why exposure to digital stories reduces public stigma. We drew upon theorizing in narrative persuasion, mediated intergroup contact, and character construction to make a predictive model. In addition, we considered how differences in the end of a recovery plot (e.g., abstinence) shape narrative processes and effects. The theorized model and research questions were tested with an experiment (N = 232) informed by a real digital story from the StoryPowered Initiative. The results showed support for the theoretical model: exposure to a digital recovery story reduced negative stereotypes and promoted willingness to have future interactions with people living with OUD via narrative involvement, character fluidity, intergroup anxiety, intergroup ease, and outgroup variability. The results also showed that, compared to other conditions, a recovery plot that included medications for opioid use disorder (MOUDs) then abstinence resulted in stronger perceptions of character fluidity, which, in turn, predicted the mechanisms and outcomes of stigma reduction. We consider the theoretical and practical implications of these results.
Department of Communication Arts and Sciences, Penn State University.
Department of Criminal Justice, Pennsylvania State University and Founder of The Story Powered Initiative.
Understanding the Effects of Digital Storytelling on OUD Stigma Reduction: Exploring Character and the Recovery Plot.

In figure skating, achieving higher scores often relies on the successful execution of difficult jumps, e.g., quadruple jumps. According to previous biomechanical studies, jump heights do not change significantly even with more rotational jumps. However, strategies employed by top skaters to acquire new jumps are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate specific kinematic strategies used by skaters to perform the quadruple axel jump (4A), focusing on two skaters (skaters A and B) who attempted this jump in competitions. Using data from the Ice Scope tracking system, this study analysed the vertical height, horizontal distance, take-off speed, landing speed, and height-to-distance ratio of the jumps. Both skaters achieved higher vertical heights in their 4A attempts than in their triple axel jump (3A) attempts. Notably, Skater A's successful 4A and Skater B's downgraded 4A had significantly greater vertical heights than the average 3As among world-class skaters. This suggests a strategic shift towards increasing the vertical height to master 4As, contrary to previous biomechanical research that did not emphasise vertical height. These findings update existing theories on figure skating research and provide insights into training strategies for mastering difficult jumps.
Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan.Institute of Physical Education, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.
Kinematic considerations for achieving the quadruple axel jump: comparison with triple axel jumps among world-class figure skaters using tracking data.

The use of omega-3 (Ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) has shown better clinical outcomes in the treatment of periodontitis compared to nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) alone. This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the use of 900 mg Ω-3 and 100 mg ASA for 180 days as adjuncts to NSPT for generalized stage III-IV grade C periodontitis (GCP).Patients underwent subgingival debridement (SD) associated with Ω-3+ASA or cellulose placebo and received monthly prophylaxis. Clinical and immunological parameters were compared at baseline, 3, and 6 months after treatment. The daily dose of Ω-3 consisted of 540 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 360 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).Thirty-eight patients, 12 males (7 in the SD+Ω-3+AAS group and 5 in the SD+Placebo group; p > 0.05), with a mean age of 32.84 ± 5.47 and 30.42 ± 5.79 years, respectively (p > 0.05), were included. Both groups showed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in all full-mouth parameters. Reductions in the number of pockets, mean probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level of moderate and deep sites, as well as the number and percentage of residual pockets, were observed (intragroup p < 0.05; intergroup p > 0.05). However, residual pockets' mean PD decrease (p < 0.05) was only observed at 6 months in the SD+Ω-3+ASA group. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β from moderate and deep pockets decreased (p < 0.05) in both groups. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 to tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP)-1 ratio in the SD+Placebo group at 3 months revealed a proinflammatory profile in moderate (intergroup p = 0.006) and deep pockets (intergroup p < 0.001).Ω-3+ASA therapy did not add clinical benefits to the NSPT for generalized stage III-IV GCP, although some immunomodulatory benefits could be observed.The use of omega-3 (Ω-3) and aspirin (ASA) along with subgingival debridement (SD) for root decontamination of periodontal pockets has shown better results in the nonsurgical treatment of gum disease and bone loss compared to SD alone. This investigation aimed to evaluate the use of 900 mg Ω-3 and 100 mg ASA for 180 days as adjuncts to the treatment of patients with gum disease and rapid bone loss rate. Thirty-eight patients underwent SD associated with Ω-3+ASA or placebo. Clinical and immunological parameters were evaluated at the beginning of the study and 3 and 6 months after. Both groups showed significant improvements. A significant reduction in the number of sites with diseased pockets was observed. The number of residual diseased sites was also significantly reduced, without differences between the groups. However, a significant decrease in the pocket size of the diseased sites was only observed at 6 months in the group that received Ω-3+ASA. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-1β (a protein present in the inflammatory process) from diseased sites significantly decreased in both groups. We concluded that the proposed therapy did not add any significant clinical benefits for patients with gum disease and rapid bone loss rate.
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Periodontology, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.Division of Dentistry, Faculdade Santo Antônio, Caçapava, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Periodontology, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Department of Periodontics and Prosthodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Periodontology, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Omega-3 and aspirin in the nonsurgical treatment of grade C periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial.

The present study aimed to compare the effects of suppository diclofenac (an example of NSAIDs) and oral administration of the combination of oxycodone (an example of an opioid) and acetaminophen in managing pain in patients with renal colic after SWL treatment.The current study is a double-blind clinical trial involving individuals scheduled to receive elective SWL therapy for kidney and ureteral stones. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups using the block randomization technique: suppository Diclofenac (100 mg) or a combination of 325 mg Acetaminophen + 5 mg oxycodone administered orally for pain relief following SWL. Pain intensity was measured immediately after the SWL procedure, and analgesics were then given to the patients. After 30 min, pain severity was reassessed. The severity of pain in patients was documented before and after drug administration at 24, 48, and 72 h after the SWL intervention.154 renal stone patients (63 females) underwent SWL with a mean age of 41.52 ± 10.52 years. The two groups were similar in terms of age (p = 0.572), sex (p = 0.212), location of the stone (p = 0.868), size of the stone (p = 0.762), and occurrence of complication (p = 0.302). There was no significant difference in the reduction of pain severity between the two groups after 30 min (p = 0.224), 2 days (p = 0.501), and 3 days (p = 0.229) following SWL intervention. However, after a 24-h follow-up, pain severity decreased more in the diclofenac group compared to the other group (p = 0.002).The combination of oxycodone and acetaminophen, including a multimodal analgesic approach, can be considered a preferred option in the clinical setting for pain management of patients undergoing SWL. It provides relief for patients as effectively as NSAIDs, with the same safety profile, leading to high patient satisfaction.
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran.
UroScience and Department of Surgery (Urology), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Unicamp, and Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, PUC-Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Evaluation of the analgesic effect of a combination of oral acetaminophen and oxycodone after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL).

Data on the risk of post-polypectomy bleeding after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in patients with cirrhosis are limited.This retrospective cohort study used the US Collaborative Network to assess post-polypectomy bleeding risk after colorectal EMR in patients with cirrhosis compared with controls. Using one-to-one propensity score matching, the primary outcome measured was bleeding within 30 days post-EMR. The bleeding risk was further stratified by cirrhosis severity (compensated and decompensated).After propensity score matching, each cohort included 2,381 patients. Patients with cirrhosis had a higher risk of post-polypectomy bleeding (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.82, P = 0.02). However, endoscopic reinterventions for hemostasis were similar between cirrhosis and control cohorts (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.71-2.05, P = 0.50). The post-polypectomy bleeding risk was significantly higher in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.12-2.42, P = 0.01), while those with compensated cirrhosis showed no increased risk of post-polypectomy bleeding (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.85-1.54, P = 0.37).The post-polypectomy bleeding risk was higher in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, while the bleeding risk was not increased in those with compensated disease. Optimizing patients with cirrhosis, especially with decompensated disease, before colorectal EMR and monitoring for post-procedure bleeding remain important. A conservative, supportive approach to managing bleeding in patients with cirrhosis may be as effective as in those without cirrhosis.
Copyright © 2025 by The American College of Gastroenterology.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA; and.Department of Learning Health Science, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
The American journal of gastroenterology
Risk of Post-polypectomy Bleeding After Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of the US Collaborative Network.

The international journal of esthetic dentistry

Although metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD) are identified as clinical entities; tools to identify patients from electronic health records (EHRs) to perform large outcome studies are lacking.In this retrospective study of participants from the Veterans Analysis of Liver Disease cohort assembled from 1/1/2013 to 12/31/2022, a rule-based natural language processing (NLP) algorithm searched EHRs for imaging evidence of hepatic steatosis. This was combined with identification of cardiometabolic risk factors and harmful alcohol use. Algorithm-derived diagnoses of MASLD, MetALD, alcohol-associated steatotic liver disease (ALD), and no steatotic liver disease (SLD) were validated using a blinded review of randomly selected charts.Among 817,657 eligible veterans, SLD was present in over half (n = 438,209, 53.5%), including MASLD in 299,259 (36.5%), 99,163 with MetALD (12.1%), and 38,552 (4.7%) with ALD. The NLP algorithm had a high correlation with steatosis on chart review, with a κ of 0.86 (95% CI 0.82-0.90), sensitivity of 0.96, and specificity of 0.90. Classification of MASLD, MetALD, ALD, and no SLD by the algorithm also showed high correlation with chart review, with a κ of 0.87 (95% CI 0.82-0.91). This algorithm identified 299,259 (36.5%) of the study cohort with MASLD, compared with 23,218 patients (2.8%) identified using International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes.An algorithm combining rule-based NLP with cardiometabolic risk factors and alcohol use from EHRs accurately identifies and classifies SLD and can be applied in large epidemiologic studies of SLD in the Veterans Health Administration.
Division of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Miami VA Medical System, Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.Central Virginia VA Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Miami VA Medical System, Miami, Florida, USA.Department of Internal Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Miami VA Medical System, Miami, Florida, USA.Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Central Virginia VA Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Veterans Analysis of Liver Disease (VALID) group of investigators
Identifying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Using Natural Language Processing in a US National Cohort.

Plant-microbe interactions have been studied extensively in legumes, but the influence of host developmental stages on its microbiome remains poorly understood. The rhizospheric region enriched with microbial diversity presents an optimal environment to investigate this relationship. We employed a multi-omics meta-analysis approach to identify the rhizospheric bacteria co-existing with legumes at different developmental stages. The data from eight different legume species across various geographical locations, soil conditions and developmental stages (vegetative, reproductive and maturation) were included in the study. A total of 10 developmental stage-specific marker bacteria were identified and found to be positively associated with plant growth phenotypes. The functional profiling elucidated the expression of these marker bacterial genes, indicating the active presence of marker bacteria. Co-expression network analysis revealed the involvement of gene clusters in biological processes such as cobalt and nitrogen metabolism. Further, pathway enrichment analysis illustrated the role of these bacteria in plant metabolic pathways, such as biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites, biotin metabolism and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Our study identified a positive relationship between marker bacteria and the host plant, suggesting their crucial role in legume growth and development that could further aid in crop improvement strategies.
Translational Genomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Cancer Remedies, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
A Multi-Omics Meta-Analysis of Rhizosphere Microbiome Reveals Growth-Promoting Marker Bacteria at Different Stages of Legume Development.

Maintaining stable drug concentrations in the bloodstream is a challenge for injectable hydrophobic progestin contraceptives. This work investigates porous silicon dioxide (pSiO2) microparticles as a delivery vehicle for progestins via melt-infiltration of drugs into the mesopores. The pSiO2 is prepared through electrochemical anodization of single-crystalline silicon followed by thermal oxidation, yielding vertically oriented pores (≈50 nm diameter) with porosity varied (between 35-75%) to optimize drug loading and release. Among the progestins tested, etonogestrel and levonorgestrel (LNG) decompose near their melting points, preventing melt infiltration. However, addition of 20% cholesterol by mass suppresses the melting point of LNG sufficiently to enable loading without degradation. Mass loadings exceeding 50% (drug: drug + carrier) are achieved for segesterone acetate (SEG) and LNG, retaining drug crystallinity as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. In vitro, both SEG and LNG-loaded pSiO2 display sustained drug release for up to 3 months, with reduced burst release, more constant steady-state concentrations, and a substantially reduced tail compared to pure LNG or SEG, or SEG loaded into pSiO2 from a chloroform solution. In a pilot in vivo study, SEG-loaded pSiO2 microparticles are well tolerated in 20-week-old female rats over a 25-week period, with no signs of toxicity.
© 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Healthcare Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.
Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Chien-Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43214, USA.
Contraceptive Research, Development, and Introduction, FHI 360 359 Blackwell Street, #200, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
Longer Acting Injectable: Continuous, Linear Release of a Progestin Contraceptive From an Oxidized Porous Silicon Host.

Limus-based balloons, stents, and scaffolds are alternatives to paclitaxel-coated devices in peripheral endovascular treatment. This study aims to review contemporary evidence on the efficacy and safety of limus-coated devices in the treatment of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD).A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Web of Sciences, OvidSP, and EMBASE, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Efficacy endpoints were primary patency (PP), freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) and Rutherford-Becker improvement; safety endpoints included target limb amputation and all-cause mortality.From a primary search of 453 articles between 27th June 2002 to 15th September 2024, 30 publications, among which were 27 prospective trials, 10 multicenter studies and 11 double-arm studies, with 2325 patients were analyzed. The numbers for above-the-knee (ATK) limus-balloons, stents, scaffolds and below-the-knee (BTK) limus-balloons, stents, scaffolds were 76, 333, 35, 55, 1445, 381 respectively. With a mean 12-month follow-up, PP for ATK lesions was 86.50% for sirolimus-coated balloons (SCB), 86.80% for sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), 72.60% for everolimus-eluting stents (EES), 86.20% for everolimus bioresorbable vascular scaffold (EBVS); whereas PP for BTK lesions was 72.60%, 73.20%, 71.60 and 83.80% respectively. Absence of CD TLR for ATK lesions was 96.50%, 95.50%, 87.60%, 89.20% respectively; meanwhile 84.90%, 75.80%, 87.70%, 94.30% for BTK lesions respectively. Rutherford-Becker improvement with 86.70%, 84.50%, 79.80 and 90.80% were seen in ATK lesions respectively, similarly, 76.50%, 81.90%, 79.50%, 92.30% respectively were observed in BTK lesions. Efficacy and clinical outcomes of SES, EES and EBVS in BTK lesions were significantly superior, where vascular complications had no proven significant difference regardless of lesion locations nor device types.Limus-coated/eluting balloons, stents, and scaffolds are safe adjuncts and potentially superior alternative in endovascular treatment for lower extremity PAD, especially well proven in BTK lesions. However, more statistically significant evidence is recommended to validate the long-term efficacy on ATK lesions and overall use of non-SES devices regardless of locations.Limus (siro-, zotaro-, evero-, bio-, amphi-, tacrolimus) have potent antiproliferative effects in atherosclerosis. This systematic review analyzes evidence for the efficacy and safety of limus devices (balloons, stents, and scaffolds) in the treatment of femoropopliteal and below-the-knee PAD. There were 5 single-arm studies with 309 patients on femoropopliteal disease, and 11 studies with 679 patients on below-the knee (BTK) diseases. The overall primary patency rate, significant freedom from target lesion revascularization and improvement in Rutherford-Becker classification were high. Certain limus devices have shown to be superior to non-limus devices. Limus scaffolds are new developments with promising short-term results.
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.Division of Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Limus-Coated/Eluting Devices in Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Porous scaffolds in bone tissue engineering (BTE) play a crucial role in facilitating osteointegration with host tissues and providing nutrients to cells involved in bone healing. Scaffold architecture influences osteointegration, biofunctionality and mechanical strength, necessitating a clear understanding of its impact. In this study, hydroxyapatite scaffolds are 3D printed with three types of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures: gyroid, lidinoid, and split-P, at porosities ranging from 50% to 80%. Split-P architecture exhibits the highest compression strength, between 15 and 25 MPa, but provides the least surface area for bone apatite precipitation. Conversely, gyroid and lidinoid structures demonstrate the highest levels of bone apatite precipitation across all porosities when immersed in simulated body fluid. To optimise scaffold design, graded structures were designed with multiple TPMS structures arranged in a core-shell configuration. A structure featuring a solid core and a 70% gyroid shell achieves the highest compression strength of 120 MPa, while also supporting cell attachment and differentiation comparable to that of a fully porous structure. This combination of compression strength similar to cancellous bone and ability for positive interaction with osteoblast cells makes it an ideal candidate for load-bearing applications in BTE.
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
Graded Hydroxyapatite Triply Periodic Minimal Surface Structures for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications.

Healthcare is rapidly leveraging machine learning to enhance patient care, streamline operations, and address complex medical issues. Though ethical issues, model efficiency, and algorithmic bias exist, the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its usefulness in disease outbreak prediction and treatment optimization.This article aims to discuss machine learning applications, benefits, and the ethical and practical challenges in healthcare.Machine learning assists in diagnosis, patient monitoring, and epidemic prediction but faces challenges like algorithmic bias and data quality. Overcoming these requires high-quality data, impartial algorithms, and model monitoring.Machine learning might revolutionize healthcare by making it more efficient and better for patients. Full acceptance and the advancement of technologies to improve health outcomes on a global scale depend on resolving ethical, practical, and technological concerns.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, U.P., India.
RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, India.
Shree S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana, Gujarat, India.
School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India.
Advances in Machine Learning Models for Healthcare Applications: A Precise and Patient-Centric Approach.

Complex coronary lesions have been an understudied aspect of coronary artery disease in elderly patients. Oxidative stress and inflammation may be implicated in the pathogenesis of complex coronary lesions.The aim of this study is to investigate the complex interplay between pro-oxidative stress response, pro-inflammatory response, and complex coronary lesions in elderly patients.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of serum biomarkers [reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)] were performed in elderly patients with complex coronary lesions.The levels of pro-oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers (ROS, MDA, TNF-α and IFN-γ) were increased in the complex coronary lesion group when compared with the non-complex coronary lesion group (P < 0.01) in elderly patients. Anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory markers (SOD activity, TAC, TGF-β, and IL-4) were decreased in the complex coronary lesion group when compared with the non-complex coronary lesion group (P < 0.01) in elderly patients.Our findings suggest that the pathogenesis of complex coronary lesions may involve pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant and pro-inflammation/anti-inflammation imbalance, as well as the interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in elderly patients.
Xiamen Road Branch Hospital, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, Huaian 223005, China.
Department of Geriatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, Huaian 223002, China.
Cytokine and Oxidative Stress Imbalances in Relation to Complex Coronary Lesions in Elderly Patients.

The study aims at investigating teachers' burnout, motivational and affective profiles. Moreover, the study explores differences in stress, anxiety and depression levels among teachers' profiles. The sample comprised of 816 participants who completed the following scales: (a) Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey , (b) Passion Scale , (c) Positive and Negative Affect scale and (d) DASS-21. A clustering approach through latent profile analysis revealed four teachers' profiles: 1. Workaholics (18.25%), 2. Moderate Burnout (28.67%), 3. Normal Workers (42.15%) and 4. Extreme Burnout (10.90%). The study also revealed differences between the profiles in terms of teachers' stress, anxiety and depression levels. The third profile (Normal Workers) showed the lowest levels in all three variables, followed by the first profile (Workaholics). The second profile (Moderate Burnout) showed relatively high levels and the fourth profile (Extreme Burnout) the highest stress, anxiety and depression levels. Through multinomial logistic regression, discriminant analysis and the decision tree, depression and stress emerged as predictive/differentiating factors for the inclusion of participants in the profiles, with an accuracy around 55%. The distinction between teachers profiles' will facilitate the recognition of teachers already experiencing burnout or at high risk (Extreme and Moderate Burnout profiles), so that they receive first-line therapeutic interventions while teachers belonging to the more adaptive profiles (Workaholics and Normal Workers) could benefit more from prevention-oriented programs. These programs can be utilized by school psychologists and policy makers in school contexts aiming at reducing dysphoric burnout emotions on a therapeutic level and raising awareness informing and psychoeducating on a preventive level.
Department of Psychology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Department of Psychology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Teachers Burnout Affective and Motivational Profiles: Their Impact on Teachers' Stress, Anxiety and Depression Levels.

In the pursuit of identifying divergent scaffolds for potential anticancer and anti-mycobacterial agents, a novel series of Schiff-based threaded 1,2,3-triazoles was designed and synthesized.In this study, novel Schiff-based threaded 1,2,3-triazoles have been meticulously crafted and synthesized. Chemical structures of the synthesized molecules were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectra. Synthetic analogs were further evaluated for their antiproliferative, antitubercular and antimicrobial potentials by in vitro assays.The in vitro anti-tumor (anti-proliferative) evaluation on HT29 cancer cells revealed that compounds 8b and 8h exhibited remarkable inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 25±0.8 and 24±0.9 μM. In the context of anti-mycobacterial analysis, compound 8c demonstrated promising activity (6.25 μM) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Moreover, compounds 8d and 8e displayed equipotent antimicrobial potential (3.12 μM) comparable to Ciprofloxacin against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Molecular docking studies unveiled that 8c exhibited robust binding within the active pocket of carbonic anhydrase XII (docking energy -8.4 kcal/mol) and demonstrated a promising docking profile with β-ketoacyl ACP synthase I (docking energy - 9.5 kcal/mol) in the enzyme's binding pocket.Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis identified three pivotal pharmacophores; 1,2,3-triazole, aromatic ring system (substituted with halogens and -NO2), and imine functionalities as crucial for the development of dual inhibitors targeting cancer and tuberculosis, showcasing an outstanding in silico ADMET profile. Therefore, these compounds merit consideration as noteworthy pharmacological lead molecules in the realm of cancer and tuberculosis drug discovery and development.
Dept. Pharmaceutical Chemistry, BVDUs Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandawane Pune.
Dept. Pharmaceutics, Sri Sanganabasava Mahaswamiji College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.
Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Chiyyedu, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jayamukhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Narsampet, Warangal, Telangana, India-506332.
Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Meerpet, Balapur, Hyderabad, 500 097.
Dept. Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Sanganabasava Mahaswamiji College of Pharmacy and Research Center, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.
Synergistic Warriors: Design and Synthesis of Dual-Acting Schiff-Based Threaded 1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids for Potent Antineoplastic and Anti-Mycobacterial Activities.

This work presents the synthesis of Ru(II)NHC complexes bearing a series of 4-fluorobenzyl group. These complexes have been characterized by a variety of spectroscopic methods (1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR) and by elemental analysis techniques.These complexes' antitumor activities against SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma) and HCT116 (human colon cancer) were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.The results showed that all the synthesized complexes exhibited significant cytotoxic effect with low IC50 values 15 ± 0.57, 15.26 ± 0.71, 7.64 ± 0.30, 27.66 ± 0.36 and 14.45 ± 0.84 (μg/mL) respectively.Furthermore, apoptosis assessed by double labeling with Annexin V-FITC/PI indicated that complexes 1b and 1d can effectively induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation at the S phase in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, Ru(II)NHC complexes containing the 4- fluorobenzyl group have significant potential for the development of novel, highly effective anticancer agents.
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Türkiye.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Türkiye.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye.
Health Services Vocational School, İnönü University, 44280, Malatya, Türkiye.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitumor Activities of Benzimidazole-functionalized Organoruthenium Complexes Bearing Fluorine Group.

Random use of natural herbal products affects the treatment of diseases. In this review, the limitations that may be encountered in using natural substances of plant origin and the studies on using these substances in treating cancer, cognitive disorders, heart diseases, diabetes, and microbial diseases are examined and summarized.People worldwide use herbal products derived from natural plants to solve health problems. It is known that random use of herbal products can negatively affect the treatment. However, people need help with the formulation or use of natural substances. There is no new disease-modifying herbal therapy available to treat diseases such as cancer, microbial disorders, diabetes, cognitive disorders, and cardiac disorders.This review aims to report the difficulties encountered in formulating and using natural herbal substances and highlight their possible use in some diseases.Available information about the study was collected through many search engines such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar.Working with natural herbal substances worldwide presents many difficulties, especially a lack of knowledge, modern technological devices, or clinical studies. According to currently available studies, some natural herbal substances are effective against cancer, microbial disorders, diabetes, cognitive disorders, and heart disorders.Deepening the studies would be beneficial to eliminate the difficulties related to natural herbal medicines and making them more reliable. More research is needed to include these substances in the protocol and use them in treating diseases.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Difficulties in Using Natural Herbal Substances and their Current use in Some Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms.

Current guidelines and consensus statements advise caution in using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for morbidly obese patients with body mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2, indicating warfarin as the most studied treatment.We systematically searched databases from their inception to January 4, 2024, to identify studies that evaluated the effectiveness and safety of DOACs compared to warfarin in patients with BMI >40 kg/m2 and atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE). The outcomes of allcause mortality, major and minor bleeding, stroke/systematic embolism (SE), VTE, and their composite endpoint were analyzed using a random-effects model.This meta-analysis included 24 studies and 119,960 morbidly obese patients with AF or VTE on oral anticoagulation therapy: 51,363 on DOACs (43%) vs. (57%) 68,597 on warfarin. DOAC use was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality and major bleeding risk compared to warfarin. Although the risk of composite endpoint, stroke/SE, and VTE was lower in the DOAC group, no statistically significant difference was observed, indicating no superiority of warfarin compared to DOAC use. The risk of minor bleeding events, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke was lower in the DOAC compared to the warfarin group. The same trend favoring DOACs over warfarin in all assessed endpoints was observed in the subgroup analysis based on anticoagulation indication (AF or VTE).Our findings have documented a potentially more effective and safer profile of DOACs compared to warfarin in morbidly obese patients regardless of the indication for anticoagulation.
'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventive Medicine & Medical Statistics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Endocrine Unit, 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12641 Athens, Greece.
Second Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital 'Hippokration', Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Cardiology, 'Tzaneio' General Hospital of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece.
The Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Compared to Warfarin in Morbidly Obese Patients on Anticoagulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its subcomponents among people living with HIV/AIDS, especially in developing countries, is well documented with the global pooled prevalence of the related risk factors in this population.This study aimed to explore the prevalence of MetS among Iranian People living with HIV according to the ATP III and Iranian criteria.The cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive patients who visited THE re-ferral centre for AIDS/HIV between May to December 2023. A total of 130 participants (n=83; 63.8% male) were investigated based on the inclusion criteria, which included having a minimum age of 25 and a maximum of 65 years and following a stable ART treatment regimen for at least six months. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the categorical variables. Uni/Multi-variable linear regression analysis was used to quantify the associations be-tween MetS and HIV by the independent variables.The incidence of MetS according to ATP III and Iranian criteria were 42 (32.3%) and 45 (34.6%), which was higher in older patients (p=0.001) and those with more duration since HIV diagnosis (p=0.02). Around 33.1% and 16.1% were overweight and obese, respectively. Among the components of MetS, the highest prevalence (50.8%) was related to low HDL, and the lowest was related to fasting blood sugar (21.5%). The average body fat mass, protein mass, Soft lean mass, and percentage body fat were 18.54±9.46 kg, 10.91±2.17 kg, 51.31±9.61 kg, and 24.86±10.25% that were higher in MetS group (p<0.05).Our study points out the high prevalence of MetS in an Iranian population living with HIV, especially those suffering from the underlying disease for a longer time. Conducting multi-centric studies with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm our results and determine the most effective measures.
Department of Endocrinology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Endocrinology, and Metabolism Research Centre, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCH), Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Endocrinology, Vali-Asr Hospital, Endocrinology, and Metabolism Research Centre, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV.

Chronic myeloid leukemia [CML] is a common hematological malignancy where patients present with varied clinical symptoms and are usually diagnosed with incidentally detected elevated total leucocyte counts in hemogram. The presence of pelvic hematoma at the presentation of CML is an uncommon finding.Two male young adults presented with massive splenomegaly and pelvic hematoma. On evaluation for anemia and leukocytosis with massive splenomegaly, diagnosis of CML chronic phase [CML-CP] was made on peripheral smear, bone marrow examination including cytogenetic study and molecular methods [peripheral blood quantitative BCR: ABL1 by real-- time PCR]. The first patient underwent aspiration of hematoma, and the second patient presented late where the hematoma organized into a solid mass and no intervention could be possible. A basic available coagulation study revealed no abnormalities and was managed with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Initial manifestation of CML with pelvic hematoma is uncommon and should undergo aspiration or drainage to avoid organization of hematoma and compressive symptoms locally.
Department of Medical Oncology Hematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
Department of Hematology, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRHU, Dehradun, India.
Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets
Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2025-02-11;():.
Pelvic Hematoma Revealing Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report of Two Patients.

Nanoemulsions have gained popularity as drug delivery vehicles owing to the enhanced solubility of insoluble drugs, the augmented stability of photo- and thermosensitive substances, and the facilitation of transdermal permeation of efficacy substances. As the cell surfaces of the skin, cornea, gastrointestinal mucosa, and other cells in living organisms carry negative charges, cationic nanoemulsions (CNE) mainly promote drug absorption through electrostatic effects. In this review, a brief characterization of CNEs is provided, and the types of cationic agents and their roles in nanoemulsions, including cationic surfactants, cationic lipids, cationic polymers, cationized polysaccharides, and phytosphingosine (PS), are discussed. In addition, the current application circumstances of CNEs in ocular drug delivery, mucosal drug delivery, and transdermal drug delivery systems are elaborated on, and the crucial matters that require attention during the research process are briefly discussed. Eventually, the extensive application prospects of CNEs are envisioned.
Institute of Regulatory Science, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
Light Industry and Food Experimental Teaching Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
Recent Advances in Cationic Nanoemulsions for Drug Delivery: Preparation, Properties, and Applications.

1,4-oxazepine is a significant structural motif found in several bio-active molecules used in the treatment of diseases such as psychotic disorders.Therefore, developing novel methodologies for its preparation is of great interest to medicinal chemists.These seven-membered heterocycles are generated through the intramolecular cy-clization of Betti bases, which are propargylated using propargyl bromide as the source of the triple bond in the presence of a base.This efficient and straightforward protocol proceeds under mild, metal-free conditions and has been shown to be applicable to a broad range of aldehydes and 2-aminopyridines.
School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, PO Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
Base Mediated 7-exo-dig Intramolecular Cyclization of Betti-propargyl Precursors: An Efficient Approach to 1,4-oxazepine Derivatives.

This report discusses a rare case involving a patient with high-risk (HR) Del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who achieved a long-term response to lenalidomide after having received six cycles of azacytidine. The latter treatment led to the clearance of blast cells from the bone marrow (BM).As per current clinical practice, patients with HR MDS receive azacytidine continuously until the disease progresses or the occurrence of unmanageable side effects. However, in this case, the patient decided to interrupt hypomethylation therapy. Due to the patient's preference for oral therapy at home, the absence of blast cells, the ongoing need for transfusions, and a cytogenetic abnormality-predictive response to lenalidomide, the choice of the latter agent allowed for a sustained response lasting up to 68 months.Our observations suggest that further studies could explore the sequential use of azacytidine followed by lenalidomide after achieving BM blast clearance in patients with HR MDS with del(5q).
Hematology Unit, Sant'Eugenio Hospital (ASL Roma 2), Rome, Italy.
Hematology Division, Great Metropolitan Hospital Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio, Calabria, Italy.
Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry
Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2025-02-11;():.
Long-term Sustained Response to Lenalidomide after Clearance of Bone Marrow Blasts by Azacytidine in High-risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Del5q: A Case Report.

Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like systems play crucial roles across a wide range of organisms, from simple to complex. Among the three enzyme-mediated post-translational modification (PTM) steps, the ligation step is the most critical. HERC5, a member of the HECT ligase family, is one of the three enzymes involved in the ISGylation system. However, the precise start points and lengths of the HECT domains in HECT ligases are still under debate.Some studies suggest the inclusion of an additional N-terminal alpha helix region within the HECT domain. To investigate the structural biology of the HECT domain of HERC5, we produced and purified various lengths of the HERC5 HECT domain using different fusion proteins. This approach allowed us to explore the role of the N-terminal alpha helix in the stability of the HECT domain. Our experiments successfully produced and purified HERC5 HECT domains of different lengths with various fusion proteins.The findings demonstrated that the N-terminal alpha-helix does not enhance the stability of the HECT domain. These results challenge the notion that the N-terminal alpha-helix should be generally included in the HECT domain across all HECT ligases.The inclusion of this region within the HECT domain may not be appropriate for generalization, as it does not contribute to stability, contrary to some previous suggestions.
Nanofabrication and Nanocharacterization Center for Scientific and Technological Advanced Research (n2STAR), Koc University, İstanbul, Turkey.Koc University Isbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Nanofabrication and Nanocharacterization Center for Scientific and Technological Advanced Research (n2STAR), Koc University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Inconsistent Protein Stability Despite Pre-HECT Domain Helix: Unveiling Variability in HECT Ligases.

The persistent drug resistance observed in lung cancer necessitates innovative strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes. This review investigates the potential of combining metformin (Met) and cisplatin (Cis) to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment efficacy. Cis's limitations, including drug resistance and adverse effects, coupled with Met's established safety profile, form the backdrop for this exploration.Systematic literature searches across major databases identified relevant studies exploring the synergistic effects of Met and Cis in the context of drug-resistant lung cancer. Data extraction encompassed diverse facets, including treatment protocols, cellular responses, and mechanistic insights. The synthesis of these findings sheds light on the potential of this combination therapy to combat drug resistance.Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of the Met + Cis combination to sensitize drug-resistant lung cancer cells. The co-treatment consistently showed enhanced inhibition of cell proliferation, elevated apoptosis rates, and attenuated migration and invasion capabilities compared to monotherapies. Mechanistically, Met's modulatory effect on key pathways, such as AMPK-mTOR and ROS-mediated signaling, appears to underlie its ability to counter drug resistance.The Met + Cis combination holds promise as an innovative strategy to counter drug resistance in lung cancer. By harnessing the synergistic effects of these agents, combination therapy offers a novel approach to enhance treatment efficacy and mitigate the challenges posed by drug-resistant lung cancer. Although further clinical validation is required, the Met + Cis synergy represents a promising avenue in the pursuit of improved lung cancer therapy outcomes.
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Artificial Intelligence in Medical Sciences Research Center, Smart University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Combating Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer: Exploring the Synergistic Potential of Metformin and Cisplatin in a Novel Combination Therapy; A Systematic Review.

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are severe disorders characterized by progressive neuron degeneration, leading to cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, and other neurological issues, significantly impairing daily life and the quality of life. Despite advancements in understanding these mechanisms, many aspects remain unclear, and current treatments primarily manage symptoms without halting disease progression. Multiple biological pathways are implicated in neurodegeneration, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aberrant protein folding. Given the multifactorial nature of neurodegenerative diseases, a neuroprotective approach targeting various mechanisms holds significant promise for prevention. Natural products derived from plants, animals, and fungi, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, show substantial potential in the prevention of neurodegeneration. Unlike synthetic compounds, bioactive compounds from these natural sources offer diverse targets due to their varied structures and biological activities. This review focuses on the potential of bioactive compounds from plants with sedative and mood-modulating effects in preventing and/or slowing down neurodegeneration.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, School of Medicine, University 'Politecnica delle Marche', Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
Unveiling the Potential Neuroprotective Effect of Bioactive Compounds from Plants with Sedative and Mood-Modulating Properties: Innovative Approaches for the Prevention of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of high levels of glucose in the blood and affecting 536.6 million people in the world between the age group of 20-79 with management spent of 11% of the total worldwide. Wound healing in diabetics is impaired due to many factors like high blood sugar, poor blood circulation, damaged blood vessels, diabetic neuropathy, decreased immune responses etc. The presently used synthetic drugs have high costs, a toxic nature, and are full of adverse effects drawing attention to the need to identify new and successful treatment approaches for diabetic wounds. In silico drug screening methods of drug development made it easy to screen thousands of active constituents against a target specifically responsible for diabetes and wound healing. Thus the current review compiled the naturally available active compounds screened by in silico docking from natural resources and has the potential to treat diabetic wound healing with their specificity and target-based mechanism. This information will be helpful for further screening of non-reported natural compounds having antidiabetic as well as wound healing potential.
Geeta Institute of Pharmacy, Geeta University, Panipat, Haryana, India.
MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam downtown University, Sankar Madhab Path, Gandhi Nagar, Panikhaiti, Guwahati- 781026, Assam, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga Punjab, India.
Curr Drug Discov Technol. 2025-02-11;():.
In silico based Diabetic Wound Healer from Nature: An Update.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common secondary hypertension. In this study, we performed the pathway enrichment analysis based on metabolomics and transcriptomic data to find the metabolic perturbations in PA, which could provide new targets for PA and further understand the biology of PA.24 PA patients and 24 healthy adults served as the control group in this study. Six participants were chosen from each group to have their peripheral blood and serum samples analyzed for omics investigations. Another eighteen participants' peripheral blood samples were selected for further validation of the RNA-sequencing results.Transcriptomic analyses found 518 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 339 remarkably differential metabolites (DMs) were identified by untargeted metabolomics. The pathway enrichment analysis was performed by combining with the omics analysis data. We also focused on analyzing metabolic pathways that repeatedly occur and constructed possible genemetabolic networks. A total of 5 genes and 11 metabolites showed significant changes in altered 3 lipid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, the expressions of these genes were verified by qRT-PCR.The combination of metabolomic and transcriptomic data can give a comprehensive picture of unique illness markers and preliminary knowledge of the molecular abnormalities underpinning PA. These findings may point to viable targets for creating treatments.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
Department of Cardiology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545026, China.
Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2025-02-11;():.
Integrative Analysis of Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Data Reveals Metabolic Signatures and Major Metabolic Pathways in Primary Aldosteronism.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, and myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute cardiovascular disease resulting from the disruption of coronary blood supply. Recent studies have suggested that these two diseases may share common molecular mechanisms.The aim of this study was to discover common diagnostic genes for LUAD and MI and analyze their molecular functions and potential drug values by applying bioinformatics analysis.The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the pathological mechanisms of LUAD and MI, contributing to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the two diseases.In this study, the datasets of LUAD and MI were obtained from TCGA and GEO databases, and differential expression analysis was performed to screen significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, disease-related genes were identified using WGCNA analysis, and the biological functions of these genes were explored by functional enrichment analysis. After screening key genes using the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the cytoHubba algorithm, biomarkers were determined by LASSO and SVM-RFE machine-learning methods. Finally, immune infiltration analysis and drug prediction were performed, and biomarker expression was verified by single-cell sequencing analysis.A total of 158 differentially upregulated genes were identified between LUAD and MI. WGCNA analysis screened 86 genes that were significantly associated with both diseases and were enriched in an inflammatory response and immune regulation-related pathways, such as the IL-17 signaling pathway. Ten significant genes were identified by the PPI network and cytoHubba and then reduced to 4 using LASSO and SVM-RFE. Noticeably, MMP9 was significantly overexpressed in both diseases. Immune infiltration analysis showed that MMP9 was significantly related to multiple immune cell infiltration. Drug prediction and molecular docking analysis predicted Ilomastat and Osthole as the potential target drugs. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that MMP9 was high-expressed in the macrophages in LUAD tissues.This study identified MMP9 as a common diagnostic gene and potential therapeutic target for both LUAD and MI and revealed its role in inflammation and immune regulation through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. These findings provided a theoretical basis for further research on the pathological mechanisms of LUAD and MI, contributing to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, 233010, China.
Department of Infection, Shanghai Longhua Hospital, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Cardiology Department, Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200062, China.
Screening Co-Diagnostic Genes for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Myocardial Infarction and Analysis of the Molecular Functions and Drug Value of the Genes.

Heart failure (HF), a widespread public health issue, affects about 26 million people all around the world, and its incidence and prevalence are still growing. Measuring serum biomarkers is beneficial in diagnosing HF and evaluating its prognosis. During the previous decade, various investigations have focused on identifying new HF biological markers that would have additional and/or superior prognostic, diagnostic, or classification value. While heart-specific biological markers, such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), are commonly applied in clinical practice, there is still an unmet need for new markers in HF management. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7), a cellular senescence marker, has been considered as a candidate biomarker in HF. This study aims to comprehensively reveal the underlying mechanism connecting IGFBP-7 to HF and review studies evaluating the prognostic or diagnostic performance of IGFBP-7 in combination with or in contrast with other potential HF biological markers. Increased IGFBP7 levels are associated with a set of functional and structural heart abnormalities such as diastolic dysfunction. Increased IGFBP7 concentrations seem to be an indicator of cardiac overload or injury and are related to HF major risk factors, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and renal function. IGFBP7 is predictive of short and long-term outcomes in the HF population and can independently predict the rate of hospitalization and HF-related mortality.
Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Association between Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-7 and Heart Failure.

TAP-1 and TAP-2 are crucial proteins for loading antigenic peptides after proteasome-mediated endogenous processing of the MHC-I (Major Histocompatibility Complex- I) pathway. Our study aimed to explore the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing proteins (TAP-1 and TAP-2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and premalignant oral lesions.We recruited a total of 135 subjects from the outpatient department of the ENT unit of our institute. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the levels of TAP-1 and TAP-2 gene expression in pre-cancerous and oral squamous carcinoma samples. Additionally, we measured the circulating levels of inflammatory markers using an automated biochemistry analyzer.In the current study, we found that the subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma had lower expressions of the TAP 1 and TAP 2 genes than precancerous oral subjects of OSMF, leukoplakia, and OLP. In oral squamous carcinoma subjects, we found a 1.7- and 2.1-fold change in gene expression of TAP-1 and TAP-2, respectively, compared to control subjects. Furthermore, we observed an increase in levels of metabolic inflammatory biomarkers of CRP, ESR, and ferritin in oral squamous carcinoma subjects compared to premalignant cases and controls, indicating the presence and aggravation of systemic inflammation.The study revealed that subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma have lower TAP 1 and TAP 2 gene expression than premalignant control subjects, thus affecting MHC-I processing, which ultimately affects the functioning of the immune system. These results have the potential to improve our understanding of disease pathophysiology and provide more targeted treatment options.
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Gorakhpur, 273008, India.
Department of ENT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Gorakhpur, 273008, India.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, 226010 India.
Atal Bihari Bajpayee Medical University, Lucknow, 225001, India; and All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, 243005, India.
Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing Proteins (TAP-1 and TAP-2) Gene Expression of MHC-I Downregulated in Oral Squamous Carcinoma.

CCN6/WISP3 is a member of the CCN adipokines family that can exert multiple effects on metabolic pathways. So far, the function of CCN6 in the pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been known well. Hence, we aimed to examine CCN6 serum levels in patients with NAFLD compared to healthy individuals and its association with some risk factors for the first time.This case-control study measured serum levels of CCN6, TNF-α, IL-6, adiponectin, and fasting insulin using ELISA kits in 88 NAFLD patients and 88 controls. In addition, other biochemical variables, including AST, ALT, lipid profiles, and FBG, were determined using an Auto analyzer instrument.A remarkable decrease in CCN6 levels was found in the NAFLD patients (1501.9543 ± 483.414 pg/ml) compared to the healthy group (1899.4856 ± 559.704 pg/ml, P < 0.001). In NAFLD patients, a negatively notable correlation was observed between CCN6 and the levels of insulin (r = -0.278, P = 0.011), HOMA-IR (r = -0.268, P = 0.014), as well as TNF-α (r = -0.343, P = 0.001). A remarkable association was found between CCN6 and the risk factor of NAFLD in the adjusted model for gender, age, and BMI with OR = 0.867 (95% CI, [0.806-0.931], P < 0.001).Our findings showed a significant reduction in CCN6 levels in the NAFLD patients compared to the healthy group, as well as the developing risk of NAFLD enhanced with the decrease of CCN6 levels.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
WISP3/CCN6 Adipocytokine Marker in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and its Association with Some Risk Factors.

miRNAs are small non-coding conserved RNA molecules (18-24 nts) that act as crucial gene regulators via post-transcriptional/translational modifications through in-teracting with the respective mRNAs during various pathophysiological conditions. Recent re-search has suggested that non-coding RNAs, particularly miRNAs, can be passed from one spe-cies to another to regulate gene expression. Since miRNA-mediated gene regulation has not yet been found in Plasmodia, it is hypothesized that erythrocytic miRNAs from Plasmodium falcipa-rum (P. falciparum) could potentially migrate from the cytoplasm to the parasitophorous vacuole developed intracellularly by the parasite to regulate its transcriptome.The objective of this study is to investigate the role of trans-kingdom interactions in host-parasite dynamics and their implications for malaria infection.Using the trans-kingdom target gene prediction tool, psRNA target server, a total of 15 human erythrocytic miRNAs from 12 distinct families were selected and obtained from miRBase to find potential P. falciparum candidate genes. This study utilized ShinyGO (version 0.80) for gene enrichment analysis with statistical analysis of the selected features. The PPI-network analysis was performed using the Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) approach, along with the CytoHubba plugin for identifying hub nodes. The PPI network was visualized using Cytoscape version 3.7.A total of 145 target genes of Pf3D7 were predicted, with the following genes repeatedly targeted: conserved Plasmodium proteins, conserved Plasmodium membrane proteins, PfEMP1, rifin, RAD54, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and transcription factors related genes. Outputs of ShinyGO included enriched GO pathways of 62 uniquely identified Pf3D7 genes with detailed descriptions and visualized networks. For overlapping relationships, a hierarchical clustering tree of enriched gene sets was carried out, along with a genome plot for representing the chromosomal locations of these genes. According to their coding-noncoding distribution chart, most of these genes were found to be members of the coding gene family. Additionally, PPI-network analysis reported the top 10 hub nodes: PFE0400w, MAL13P1.380, MAL7P1.167, PFD0900w, PF11_0243, PFE0440w, PFE1120w, MAL13P1.315, PF08_0126, and MAL8P1.23. Three KEGG pathway diagrams of pfa 05144 for Malaria, pfa 03440 for homologous recombination, and pfa 00750 for vitamin B6 metabolism with identified Pf3D7 genes were drawn and high-lighted in red.The important target genes of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 were identified by car-rying out a trans-kingdom investigation, thus offering preliminary insights into the potential of erythrocytic miRNAs-mediated trans-kingdom regulation.
Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and CCIM, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Department of Zoology, Biomedical Technology and Human Genetics, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
MicroRNA (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)
A Potential Regulatory Network of Selected Human Erythrocytic miRNAs with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 mRNAs: A Computational Analysis.

Reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the aim of lipid-lowering therapy (ASCVD). It is commonly acknowledged that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major cause of ASCVD. Several online databases and search engines, such as Pub- Med and the Cochrane Library, were used to conduct a thorough search.This study included RCTs assessing the effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on cardiovascular events. The RevMan 5.4 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis. This analysis included nine RCTs in total.Meta-analysis of the included studies showed that the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides were reduced after the use of PCSK9 inhibitors, and HDL levels were increased, which is good cholesterol. Most adverse cardiac events (MACE) were reduced after the use of PCSK9 inhibitors.In conclusion, ezetimibe, a PCSK9 inhibitor added to statin therapy, further reduces MACE risk without affecting all-cause mortality, even though statins already significantly reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality.
Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, India.
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan.
Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan.
Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
The Impact of Novel Lipid-Lowering Agents on Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

According to current clinical practice guidelines, ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) is recommended to confirm diagnoses of hypertension. It remains unclear as to which method is superior in predicting mortality outcomes.Prospective observational studies, comparing ABPM with clinical blood pressure measurements (CBPM), were included with outcomes of the study being all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Nine studies with a total of 23,140 participants were included. Each 10-mmHg increase in 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was linked to a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09-1.18), while clinic blood pressure measurement (CBPM) was not a significant predictor (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.90-1.13). Nighttime SBP increases of 10 mmHg were associated with a higher all-cause mortality risk than daytime SBP (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.11-1.21 versus HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05-1.12). For cardiovascular mortality, a 10 mmHg increase in SBP yielded an HR of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.16-1.27) for 24-hour ABPM compared to 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04-1.11) for CBPM. Similarly, for a 5 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the HR was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.07-1.20) for 24-hour ABPM versus 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01-1.07) for clinical DBP, highlighting 24-hour monitoring as a stronger predictor for cardiovascular mortality.The findings of this study support the superiority of ABPM measurements in predicting both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hakim Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
University of Texas in Houston, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA.
Department of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.
Department of Cardiology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Predictive Accuracy of 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Versus Clinic Blood Pressure for Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and despite advances in treatment, there remains a critical need for novel therapeutic approaches. Recently, anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) have gained attention for their potential use in cancer therapy due to their selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells.This study aims to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of two computationally engineered anti-microbial peptides (EAMPs) in SW620, SW480, and HCT116 colon cancer cells and the normal colon epithelial cell line CCD 841, focusing on their effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage.Cell proliferation and survival were measured using the CellTiter-Glo Luminescence and clonogenic assays. DNA damage was assessed through the Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Flow cytometry was used to examine cell apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and mitochondrial membrane potential in SW620 cells.EAMPs inhibited CRC cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with minimal toxicity observed in normal colon epithelial cells. In SW620 cells, EAMPs induced DNA damage, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the S/G2 phase, apoptosis, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential. The proliferation results were confirmed in SW480 and HCT116 CRC cell lines.Our findings revealed that EAMPs exhibited significant anti-cancer activity against CRC cells in vitro while sparing normal epithelial cells. These results suggest that EAMPs may offer a potential therapeutic approach for colorectal cancer and warrant further investigation.
Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Engineered Anti-Microbial Peptides Inhibit Cell Viability, Promote Apoptosis, and Induce Cell Cycle Arrest in SW620 Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Promoting neuroplasticity for better recovery and function restoration has lately become the focus of rehabilitation techniques for individuals with neurologic disorders. A rapidly expanding medical specialty, neuromodulation includes a broad variety of methods for activating particular neurological pathways, such as Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), peripheral nerve stimulation, and SCS, among many others. Research on the use of neuromodulation in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited, in contrast to the abundance of literature on its potential benefits in chronic pain treatment. Combining exercise with non-invasive neuromodulation improves recovery outcomes for some patient groups, according to our research. While we mostly focus on the motor components of recovery, we do briefly mention the non-motor effects of these disorders. The difficulties of applying ideas in clinical practice and the gaps in the existing research are also brought to light. In order to better customize the individual neuroplastic responses associated with each disease, we identify research gaps and propose routes for future investigations. This review is useful for rehabilitation professionals and researchers since it focuses on neuroplastic exercise treatments for specific illnesses and diagnoses. Few studies have used long-term randomized-controlled trials, even though these approaches have great promise for enhancing overall functionality and impairment levels. If these novel modalities may be therapeutically employed to reduce pain, restore function, and improve the quality of life for individuals impacted, then more study is required to support them.
Department of Physiotherapy, National Institute for Locomotor Disabilities (NILD), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Garden City University, Bangaluru, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Burdwan Medical College, West Bengal, India.
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedics and Allied Health Sciences, Jatni, Khurda Road, Odisha, India.
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Brainware University, Barasat, West Bengal, India.
CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2025-02-11;():.
Recent Trends in Physical Therapy Interventions and Neuromodulation Techniques to Improve Neurorehabilitation.

Antibiotic resistance remains a major challenge in the use of antimicrobial agents and poses a threat to public health worldwide. This review discusses the epigenetic mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance. Significant attention is also given to gene expression patterns that promote microbial adaptability and survival in the context of antibiotic therapy, as well as epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to modifying the activity of resistance genes. The authors argue that epigenetics plays a key role in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. By offering new perspectives on the complex interaction between genetic and epigenetic regulations in microbial populations using metal nanoparticles, the authors shed light on potential therapeutic targets and strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. Exploring the disclosure of epigenetic mechanisms when interacting with metal nanoparticles on resistant cultures is insufficiently covered in the literature. This review not only presents the latest scientific findings in this field but also opens up avenues for further research that will help address the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
Siberian State Medical University' of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
Siberian State Medical University' of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Russia, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russia.
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance.

Atherosclerosis stands as the primary cause of CVD, characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol deposits within macrophages in medium and large arteries. This deposition promotes the proliferation of specific cell types within the arterial wall, gradually narrowing the vessel lumen and impeding blood flow. Intra-plaque hemorrhages are recognized as critical events in atherosclerotic plaques, leading to the deposition of red blood cells (RBCs) and the release of hemoglobin (Hb). Approximately 40% of high-risk plaques exhibit intra-plaque hemorrhage. Recent studies have demonstrated that intra-plaque hemorrhage is closely linked to plaque progression and increased vulnerability, establishing it as a critical factor in the development of acute clinical symptoms associated with atherosclerosis. The presence of RBC membranes within atherosclerotic plaques contributes significantly to lipid accumulation, indicating a pivotal role in plaque instability. Upon RBC degradation, cholesterol from both the membrane and its interior can profoundly impact atherosclerotic plaque development. Considering that red blood cells (RBCs) can contribute to the excretion of cholesterol through the hepatobiliary system alongside HDL, and given that elevated cholesterol levels are a risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques, RBCs may play a protective role in cardiovascular health. However, when bleeding occurs within a plaque, RBCs that are trapped in the plaque environment, an environment rich in oxidant compounds, can rupture. The cholesterol released from these ruptured RBCs can significantly promote inflammatory reactions. This study aims to explore the inconsistent role of RBCs and their cholesterol content in the progression of atherosclerotic plaques.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran.
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran.
The Role of Red Blood Cells in Cholesterol Accumulation and Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability: A Perspective on Atherosclerosis.

BPI-460372 is an orally available, covalent, irreversible small molecule inhibitor of the transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) 1/3/4, which is currently in clinical development for the treatment of cancers with Hippo pathway alterations.This study aimed to determine the cytochrome P450 (CYP) phenotyping, metabolic stability, and in vitro and in vivo metabolic profile of BPI-460372.The CYP phenotyping and metabolic stability were assessed by measuring the depletion of substrate. The metabolic profile in hepatocytes and rat and dog plasma was analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS).BPI-460372 was mainly metabolized by CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP1A2. BPI-460372 exhibited low clearance in human, monkey, and rat hepatocytes, while moderate clearance in dog and mouse hepatocytes. A total of 10 metabolites were identified in five species of hepatocytes, and no human-unique metabolite was detected. In rat plasma and dog plasma, the primary metabolites were M407 (BPI-460430) and M423 (BPI-460456), respectively. The two metabolites were quantitatively determined in rat and dog plasma in pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies. The major metabolic site was 2-fluoro-acrylamide, and major metabolic pathways in hepatocytes, and rat and dog plasma involved oxidative defluorination, hydration, glutathione (GSH) conjugation, hydrolysis, cysteine conjugation, and N-acetyl cysteine conjugation. β-lyase pathway contributed to the metabolism of BPI-460372 in rats to a certain degree.This study elucidated the metabolism of BPI-460372 and provided a basis for pharmacokinetic and toxicological species selection, human pharmacokinetics prediction, and assessment of clinical co-administration limitations and possible metabolic pathways in humans.
Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311100, China.Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
XenoFinder Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215123, China.
Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.XenoFinder Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215123, China.
In vitro and In vivo Drug Metabolism Analysis of BPI-460372 - A Covalent TEAD1/3/4 Inhibitor.

The Ryabinkin-Kohut-Staroverov (RKS) and Kanungo-Zimmerman-Gavini (KZG) methods offer two approaches to find exchange-correlation (XC) potentials from ground state densities. The RKS method utilizes the one- and two-particle reduced density matrices to alleviate any numerical artifacts stemming from a finite basis (e.g., Gaussian- or Slater-type orbitals). The KZG approach relies solely on the density to find the XC potential by combining a systematically convergent finite-element basis with appropriate asymptotic correction on the target density. The RKS method, being designed for a finite basis, offers computational efficiency. The KZG method, using a complete basis, provides higher accuracy. In this work, we combine both methods to simultaneously afford accuracy and efficiency. In particular, we use the RKS solution as an initial guess for the KZG method to attain a significant 3-11× speedup. This work also presents a direct comparison of the XC potentials from the RKS and the KZG method and their relative accuracy on various weakly and strongly correlated molecules, using their ground state solutions from accurate configuration interaction calculations solved in a Slater orbital basis.
© 2025 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Accelerating inverse Kohn-Sham calculations using reduced density matrices.

From attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self-cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self-reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional prioritization. However, there is no direct evidence that self-cues enhance working memory capacity, or that such boosts covary with individuals' attentional function. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of enhanced working memory capacity for self-referential cues, independent of attentional processing. We adapted a verbal working memory complex span to create a 'Self' condition (featuring the participant's own name), 'Other' condition (featuring a non-self-name), and Control condition (with no name), in 7-9-year-old children (Exp.1, N = 71) and adults (Exp.2, N = 52). In both experiments, the Self condition elicited significantly higher spans than the other conditions (Exp 1: p < .001, ηp 2 = .32; Exp 2: p < .001, ηp 2 = .25), but this increase in capacity was unrelated to measures of attentional processing or backward digit span. Moreover, equivalent boosts were observed in children and adults, despite adults' significantly higher underlying capacity. We propose a chunking interpretation based on enhanced binding of self-associated items, directly benefiting individual's working memory capacity regardless of their current attentional competence or 'baseline' capacity.
© 2025 The Author(s). British Journal of Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.
Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences, Kydd Building, Abertay University, Dundee, UK.School of Health in Social Science, Old Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences, Kydd Building, Abertay University, Dundee, UK.
School of Psychology, William Guild Building, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)
Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults.

Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Immune Progenitor and Cell Therapeutics (IMPACT) Lab, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation
Importance of muscle health during CAR T therapy: A physiatrist's role during CAR T therapy.

Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Second Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Identifying malaligned knee screw during ultrasound examination.

Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.
Preemptive iodide treatment in the event of a nuclear disaster: The prepper's guide to the galaxy.

How to manage an implant displaced in the maxillary sinus.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has improved detection of low-volume node metastasis (LVNM) in endometrial cancer (EC), but its prognostic significance and the need for adjuvant therapy (AT) remain unclear. A comprehensive search was performed until August 31, 2024 in multiple databases and sources. From 21 studies, 65,228 apparent early-stage EC patients were identified: 370 with macrometastases (MAC), 526 with micrometastases (MM), 2,138 with isolated tumor cells (ITCs), and 62,194 with negative nodes. Findings indicated: 1) The MM group had a lower risk of recurrence or progression (R/P) than the MAC group (risk ratio [RR]=0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.31-0.78; p=0.002), higher risk than the negative nodes group (RR=2.07; 95% CI=1.59-2.68; p<0.001), and similar risk to the ITC group (RR=0.67; 95% CI=0.44-1.02; p=0.060). 2) The MM group had higher 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) (RR=1.36; 95% CI=1.21-1.52; p<0.001) and overall survival (OS) (RR=1.22; 95% CI=1.09-1.37; p<0.001) than the MAC group, similar to the ITC and negative nodes groups. 3) The ITC group had a lower R/P risk and higher 3-year PFS/OS than the MAC group, similar to the negative nodes group. 4) AT reduced the R/P risk in the MM group (RR=0.41; 95% CI=0.22-0.76; p=0.005) and increased 3-year OS in the ITC group (RR=1.06; 95% CI=1.04-1.08; p<0.001). Early-stage EC with LVNM had better prognostic outcomes than MAC, and AT may improve outcomes of LVNM patients. More evidence from prospective randomized controlled trials is needed to confirm these findings due to the inherent biases of retrospective studies. Trial Registration PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022364536.
© 2025. Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology, Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology, and Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology.
Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. niehlong@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. yangh353@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
The prognostic significance and role of adjuvant therapy for low-volume nodal metastasis in apparent early stage endometrial cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the presence of lipedema and lipedema-related factors in fibromyalgia patients.The study included 100 female patients over the age of 18 who met the fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. The patients were evaluated for the presence/stages of lipedema. The body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, and presence of hematoma tendency/telangiectasias were recorded. Patients were asked to mark the severity of their pain (widespread/on lipedema) on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). The ACR 2016 Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Criteria, The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and The Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire were applied.Lipedema was observed in 50% of the patients (58% Stage 1 lipedema). In the lipedema group, age, duration of fibromyalgia diagnosis, hematoma tendency/presence of telangiectasias (for all; p < .001), menopausal status (p = .004), BDI score (p = .04), BMI (p = .02), history of medication for fibromyalgia (p = .01) were higher, and age at menarche (p = .01) was lower. Lipedema stage was moderately positively correlated with BMI, number of pregnancies (for both; r:0.53 p < .001) and waist-height ratio (r:0.43 p:0.002), while VAS-lipedema pain intensity was strongly positively correlated with VAS-widespread pain intensity (r:0.62 p < .001), and moderately positively correlated with symptom severity score (r:0.55 p < .001), BMI (r:0.54 p < .001), and fibromyalgia severity score (r:0.51 p < .001). Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time (p: 0.005), and low age at menarche (p: 0.05) were significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.Lipedema is common in fibromyalgia patients. Long fibromyalgia diagnosis time and low age at menarche are significant risk factors for the presence of lipedema.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ufuk University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey.

Endocrinology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh, India.India.
Endocrinology, Government Medical College Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India kannanhbk91@gmail.com.NIMS Medicity, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
46,XX testicular disorder of sexual differentiation (DSD) presenting as gynaecomastia in an adolescent.

Pulmonary Medicine, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Military Hospital Namkum, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Internal Medicine & Hematology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India udayj2@gmail.com.
Extramedullary haematopoietic pseudotumour presenting as chest masses and respiratory failure in a patient with thalassemia major.

Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Science - Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India vimeshparmar03@gmail.com.
Congenital alopecia with multiple nodules over face in an infant.

In this narrative review, we explore the insights from current research in functional neuroimaging following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), with a specific focus on alterations in functional connectivity and its relationship to deficits in executive functioning. Secondly, we identify implications that changes in functional connectivity have for language processing and management of cognitive-communication disorders. The search included CINAHL, PubMed, and APA Psychinfo databases, including terms mTBI, functional connectivity, cognitive deficits, and associated functional imaging tools. After all exclusionary criteria were applied, 19 studies were included. This review shows that alterations in functional connectivity networks following mTBI are sensitive for presence of injury. However, the presentation appears widely heterogeneous as of this time, highlighting the need for further research, especially investigating differences of within-subject methods and between-subject/group comparisons. While functional magnetic resonance imaging is the most commonly applied resource, functional near-infrared spectroscopy has become an easily accessible alternative, which may prove more useful for future studies. The roles for neuroimaging technology and measurements of functional connectivity are continuing to take shape, and they will likely represent a significant step forward for more personalized and effective strategies in assessment and treatment of mTBI.
Communication Sciences and Disorders, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2025-02-14;():1-14.
Cortical functional connectivity following mild traumatic brain injury: A narrative review of applications.

Pediatrics, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India.
Pathology, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India.
Pediatrics, Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India kherakherakhera@gmail.com.
Occluder device, haemolysis and lipemic serum in a toddler with ventricular septal defect: connecting the dots.

Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, Patna, Bihar, India srishtidrsharma@gmail.com.
Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, Patna, Bihar, India.
Infective endocarditis presenting with intracranial bleed.

Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS New Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India drtushar@gmail.com.

Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima, Japan masanori-sato@umin.ac.jp.
Neurosurgery, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan.
Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima, Japan.
Cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula fed by a distal vertebral artery: a rare partial remnant of the persistent hypoglossal artery.

Retrospective cohort study.To analyze national trends in the management of acute traumatic central cord syndrome.Acute traumatic central cord syndrome (ATCCS) is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury. Initial management involves decompression and stabilization of the cervical spinal cord. On the basis of mixed literature regarding operative timing for ATCCS, we aimed to evaluate trends in early, late, and delayed surgery over the last 5-10 years and compare their respective outcomes.Data were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) using specific ICD-10 codes. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were evaluated. These patients were grouped based on whether central cord syndrome (CCS) operative treatment was early (within 24h of admission), late (between 24 and 48h of admission), or delayed (after 48h of admission).A total of 21,265 patients underwent operative management for ATCCS; 16.7% received early operative management, 35.6% received late operative management, and 47.6% received delayed operative management. Compared with the total cohort, the delayed operative management group was more likely to contain patients with obesity (7.1% vs. 6.3%, P<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (12.9% vs. 11.1%, P<0.001), and diabetes mellitus (28.1% vs. 26.1%, P<0.001). Early operative management was more likely in patients with plegia (24.7% vs. 17%, P<0.001) and bowel/bladder dysfunction (14.6% vs. 9.5%, P<0.001) and was independently associated with lower rates of prolonged length of stay (LOS) (OR=0.71) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR=0.696).Our analysis of the trends in operative timing for ATCCS demonstrated an overall increase in the rate of early operative management and a decrease in the rate of delayed operative management. These findings mirror the current evolution of the literature on the topic. Nuances in early versus late outcomes should be used to help decision making related to operative timing in ATCCS.Level III.
New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Trends in Operative Timing for Acute Traumatic Central Cord Syndrome: National Inpatient Sample Analysis 2013-2019.

Retrospective review of 363 patients who underwent posterior lumbar fusion (PLF).Adjacent segment pathology (ASP) is a major and common event in patients who have undergone PLF. The objective of this study is to determine if ASP is due to accelerated processes following fusion or to pre-existing degeneration.ASP is defined as degenerative changes that occur 1-2 levels above or below the site of fusion in patients. The etiology of ASP is a topic of debate.Preoperative MRIs of 363 individuals who underwent PLF within L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5 at the University of Kentucky between 2010 and 2020 were assessed for evidence of pre-existing degeneration. Measures of degeneration included Pfirrmann grade, modified Pfirrmann grade, disc height, and facet hyperintensity width. Demographic measures, including age, sex, smoking status, and BMI were also assessed.Throughout the follow-up period, 30.0% of patients evaluated were found to have ASP. 83.7% of these happened at the level below and 16.3% happened at the level above the fusion. Paired sample t testing indicated that only disc height was significantly different in the adjacent levels in those who developed ASP. There was no significant difference between the 2 levels for Pfirrmann grade, modified Pfirrmann grade, and facet T2 hyperintensity. Among degenerative measures, only disc height was different (lower) in the level below PLF compared with above, before fusion. Age, sex, and smoking status were not significantly different between those who developed ASP and those who did not (P=0.68, 0.81, 0.23, respectively).Analysis suggests that in patients undergoing PLF, pre-existing degeneration plays an insignificant role in the development of ASP, and that postoperative acceleration of degenerative changes still represents the primary etiology of ASP.Level III.
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
Adjacent Segment Pathology After Short-Segment Posterior Lumbar Fusion: Postfusion Acceleration of Degeneration or Pre-Existing Degeneration?

Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand.
Bridging the gaps in AI performance evaluation in medical education.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons
Reshaping Trauma Care: The Role of Personalized Resuscitation and Surgeon Leadership.

Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia.
Refining examiner alignment measures in OSCEs: A call for broader application and deeper insight.

Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
Corrigendum: Water Science and Technology: Uncertainty in Evapotranspiration Inputs Impacts Hydrological Modeling, Mehnaza Akhter, et al.

University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR.
Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and.
Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and.Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL.
The American Journal of dermatopathology
Acquired Palmoplantar Keratoderma: Answer.

Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
Multiple Erythematous Papules Over the Forehead After Botulinum Toxin Injection: Challenge.

Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA; and.
Department of Dermatology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA.
A Knee-dle in a Haystack: A Rare Case of Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma on the Knee of a Child: Answer.

Department of Dermatology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Fortis Hospital, Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Introduction: Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery of the Future, Don't Forget History's Lessons.

A Knee-dle in a Haystack: A Rare Case of Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma on the Knee of a Child: Challenge.

Acquired Palmar Plantar Keratoderma: Challenge.

Multiple Erythematous Papules Over the Forehead After Botulinum Toxin Injection.

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.Centre for Autoimmune Liver Diseases & Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, ERN-RARE LIVER, Monza, Italy.
Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
Improving Primary Biliary Cholangitis Outcomes in the Evolving Landscape of Second-Line Therapies.

Change in How We See Things: The Meningioma Story.

The purpose of this study was to generate a nomogram for predicting long-term facial nerve (FN) function at 3 months following large vestibular schwannoma (VS) resection.Retrospective data were evaluated from patients who underwent VS resection from May 2014 to May 2023 at Huashan Hospital. The nomogram was conducted based on the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of the risk factors for poor long-term FN function after VS resection.A total of 166 cases were finally included in this study. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor size [P=0.022, odds ratio (OR): 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02-1.22), intraoperative stimulation threshold (ST) (P=0.005, OR: 12.17, 95% CI: 2.10-70.68), tumor type (P=0.009, OR: 7.46, 95% CI: 1.64-33.86) and 3-month postoperative HB grade (P=0.005, OR: 0.883, 95% CI: 0.062-12.61) were independent risk factors for poor long-term FN function. A nomogram was conducted based on these indicators, which demonstrated good discrimination and favorable calibration.A nomogram based on 4 indicators was conducted to predict long-term FN function at 3 months following large VS resection. Patients presented with little chance of long-term FN recovery are candidates for early intervention.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
A Prediction Nomogram for Long-Term Facial Nerve Function Following Large Vestibular Schwannoma Resection.

Acute mental health inpatient settings care for those with acute and complex mental health needs. This study aimed to develop a psychosocial competency framework for use by multidisciplinary professional practitioners working in adult and older adult acute mental health inpatient settings.The competence framework was developed through an iterative developmental process. Initially, the relevant literature was reviewed to draft the framework. A multidisciplinary Expert Reference Group provided their expertise to refine and develop the framework and provide professional advice on areas with a weaker evidence base.A competency framework was produced and nine key areas of competency were developed; 'Basic knowledge of issues related to acute mental health inpatient care', 'Communication skills', 'Professional competences for all healthcare workers', 'Generic relationship competences', 'Assessment, formulation and planning', 'Structured care and intervention', 'Psychosocial interventions', 'Meta-competences', and 'Professional competences for organisations'.This competency framework will enable stakeholders to understand which competences are needed for high-quality acute mental health inpatient care provision. It can be used to underpin training packages in this field. Our framework has been recommended as a best-practice resource in the NHS England Acute Inpatient Mental Health Care guidance for adults and older adults.
© 2025 The Author(s). Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The British Psychological Society.
Acute and Rehabilitation Directorate, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Goodmayes Hospital, Essex, UK.University College London, London, UK.
Acute and Rehabilitation Directorate, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Goodmayes Hospital, Essex, UK.
Developing a psychosocial competency framework for adult and older adult acute mental health inpatient care.

Spinal hemangioblastomas (sHBs) are rare vascular tumors with significant neurological implications. Their management, particularly in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, remains challenging due to recurrence and functional decline. Timely identification and intervention are critical for optimal outcomes.This international, multicenter retrospective cohort study included 357 patients (199 VHL-associated, 158 sporadic) from 13 neuro-oncological centers. Clinical and imaging data were analyzed to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and functional outcomes using the Modified McCormick Scale (mMCS) at 12 months. Secondary analyses identified factors associated with VHL disease in sHBs.Complete resection (CR) was achieved in 87.7% of cases, leading to significantly improved PFS at 72 months (sporadic: 95.1%, VHL-associated: 91.1%; HR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.08-0.4). Multivariable analysis identified predictors of unfavorable outcomes at 12 months: Preoperative mMCS ≥2 (OR: 5.17, p=0.008), intramedullary tumor location (OR: 9.48, p=0.01), and preoperative bleeding (OR: 31.12, p=0.02). Factors independently associated with VHL disease in sHBs included non-cervical tumor location (OR: 2.08, p=0.004), intramedullary growth (OR: 2.39, p<0.001), and age <43 years (OR: 3.24, p<0.001). Functional improvements were observed in most patients, particularly those with sporadic sHBs.Complete surgical resection is essential for long-term tumor control and favorable functional outcomes in both sporadic and VHL-associated sHBs. Early intervention, particularly in mild symptomatic and progressive cases, before neurological deterioration or hemorrhage, optimizes recovery. This study, the largest of its kind in a multicentric international setting, provides robust evidence to guide the management of both sporadic and VHL-associated sHBs.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.Comprehensive Cancer Center Central Germany, Partner Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Division of Neuropathology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA.Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Germany.Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia.
Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Germany.DKFZ-Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, DKTK Partner Site, University Hospital Essen, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.Department of Spine and Scoliosis Surgery, Lubinus Clinicum, 24106 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Local tumor control and neurological outcomes after surgery for spinal hemangioblastomas in sporadic and Von-Hippel-Lindau Disease: A multicenter study.

Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo Medical (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Jo Clemente and Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP)--Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto de Tratamento Do Cancer Infantil (ITACI), University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Immunogenic Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto Jo Clemente, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Health, The City of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Instituto Jo Clemente, and Immunogenic Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil.
Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025-02;36(2):e70047.
Newborn screening for inborn errors of immunity in Brazil.

EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2025-02;36(2):e70042.
Editorial comment on Diversity of complementary diet and early food allergy risk .

Brainstem gliomas (BSGs) harboring a histone 3 lysine27-to-methionine (H3K27M) mutation represent one of the deadliest brain tumors with a dismal prognosis, as they exhibit a much worse response to therapy compared to the wildtype BSGs. Early non-invasive recognition of the H3K27M mutation is paramount for clinical decision-making in treating BSGs.Plasma and urine samples were prospectively collected from BSG patients before biopsy or surgical resection and were chronologically divided into discovery, test, and validation cohorts. Utilizing the discovery and test cohort samples, an untargeted metabolomic strategy was exploited to identify candidate metabolite biomarkers, related to the H3K27M mutation. The candidate biomarkers were validated in the validation cohort with a targeted metabolomic method.Differential metabolomic profiles were detected between the H3K27M-mutant and wild-type BSGs in both the plasma and urine, the metabolomic changes were more dramatic in urine than in plasma. After rigorous screening for candidate biomarkers and validation with a targeted metabolomic approach, three metabolites, nomilin, Lys-Leu, and hawkinsin, emerged as significantly elevated biomarkers in H3K27M-mutant BSG urine samples. The biomarker panel combining the three metabolites had a diagnostic area under the curve (AUC) of approximately 75%. Furthermore, the biomarker panel improved the prediction accuracy of radiomics/clinical models to an AUC value high as 93.38%.A urinary metabolite biomarker panel that exhibited high accuracy for non-invasive prediction of the H3K27M mutation status in BSG patients was identified. This panel has the potential to improve the predictive performance of current radiomics models or clinical features.
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
Proteomics Center, Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.
Identification of Urinary Metabolic Biomarkers for H3K27M Mutation Diagnosis in Brainstem Gliomas.

Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA.
Request for residual bovine blood samples.

Blood transfusion is a life-saving intervention for many species of veterinary interest, including sheep. Despite extensive research on the impact of refrigerated storage of packed red blood cells (pRBC) in humans, research on the quality of stored ovine blood is limited and storage guidelines are mostly informed by studies in humans. Human pRBC are currently stored without residual white blood cells, following selective removal of the leukocytes by filtration (leukoreduction). This process delays the onset and mitigates the progression of the storage lesion, a series of molecular changes that RBC undergo as a function of storage duration. However, leukoreduction of ovine pRBC is not routinely performed.Here we performed metabolomics analyses of non-leukoreduced (nLR) and LR pRBC from six sheep. Units were stored under standard veterinary blood bank conditions (4°C) for up to 42 days and sterilely sampled weekly for metabolomics analyses of cells and supernatants.LR-pRBC showed significantly lower levels of mono-, di- and tri-carboxylates in both the cellular and supernatant compartments, and slower accumulation of lactate and immunomodulatory succinate, fumarate and malate. The presence of residual white blood cells in the units accelerated the consumption of glucose from the media, with no increase in detectable high energy phosphate compounds (AMP). nLR showed a higher degree of purine breakdown and deamination products, (hypoxanthine, xanthine and allantoate). Elevated free fatty acids in nLR RBC are consistent with increased lipid peroxidation and lipolysis. Strong sex dimorphism was observed across all samples, independently of storage duration or leukoreduction.Leukoreduction of ovine pRBC delays the onset and mitigates the metabolic storage lesion to central energy and redox metabolism, while almost completely abrogating the accumulation of carboxylates in stored units.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
Impact of leukoreduction on the metabolome of ovine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage.

High-quality universal health care coverage for all patients is the common theme in patient rights. However, pertinent investigations on this topic within the context of Jordanian health care are absent. This systematic review, coupled with a pooled artificial intelligence analysis of the data in retrieved studies, paves the way for such research by pooling data sets sourced from across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.National Library of Medicine (NLM), through its secondary database of primary literature (PubMed), was queried with the terms Patient and Rights in April 2024. Quantitative surveys from MENA containing individual item assessments mapped to 1 of the 7 domains of Jordan National Patient Rights Charter were pooled. Finally, factors extracted for all studies were then used to build an artificial neural network (ANN) to test the hypothesis that information asymmetry in both awareness and practice of patient rights exist even among health care providers.A total of 8 studies with 131 survey items were identified in the MENA region. All items tested either knowledge (awareness) or practice (implementation) of respondents regards patient rights except for 25 items in one study which measured both. ANN converged to a best net of multilayer feedforward with 3 hidden nodes. Patient right domain, from Jordanian Patient Rights Charter, ranked first and respondent type second as most important among the variables. However, there was huge and statistically significant asymmetry between students 0.602 (0.499 to 0.853), patients 0.627 (0.518 to 0.636), and nurses 0.492 (0.340 to 0.786) on one side and clinicians 1.166 (1.025 to 1.258) on the other side in the ANN model (both paired t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test P<0.0001) for any pairwise comparisons.Jordan National Patient Charter can fit any patient right item one could think of in the infinite space of patient rights. Huge information asymmetry exists in both awareness and implementation between practicing professionals and society but also among the different health professions.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University.
Patient Protection Coalition, Amman, Jordan.
Unveiling Disparities in Patient Rights Awareness and Practice: Insights From Artificial Neural Networks.

Helping children through pet bereavement.

Plans to reduce dairy cow lameness by 2044.

More funding needed to police XL bully ban.

Musculoskeletal injuries are commonly incurred by firefighters. Most injuries are attributable to overexertion, fall, slip, and trip mechanisms. These injuries may be caused by many factors, including the independent and collective effects of wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) and fatigue induced by performing occupational-tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PPE and fire-suppression tasks on static and functional balance among firefighters. 32 healthy male career structural firefighters (Age: 31.8 ± 9.5 yr) participated in this study. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in static balance measures pre versus post-work in PPE p ≤ 0.009, and functional balance outcomes pre-work in station uniform versus pre-work in PPE p < 0.001. PPE negatively affected firefighters' functional balance, whereas occupational tasks negatively affected static balance outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of utilising countermeasures to combat occupational fatigue-induced decrements in neuromuscular function to reduce injury risk among structural firefighters.
Health and Human Performance School of Kinesiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
First Responder Research Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
Musculoskeletal injuries are common among structural firefighters and often caused by overexertion, slip, trip, and fall mechanisms; thus, adequate neuromuscular function is crucial to reduce injury risk. There are various factors that affect balance among firefighters while on duty. For example, static balance outcomes are impaired by performing occupational tasks. Although personal protective equipment plays an essential role in safety, it has deleterious effects on firefighters’ functional balance.
Effects of occupational tasks and personal protective equipment on static and functional balance among career firefighters.

Schmallenberg virus re-emerges in lambs and calves in Northern Ireland.

This work reports on the design and characterization of a tunable lens with a planar aperture that employs liquid channels to perform phase-based beamforming. The desired phase patterns are produced using specific speed-of-sound profiles and can be flexibly configured for a range of frequencies and beam types without changes to its shape or structure. Measurements of the fields show that the lens performs comparably to stepped designs, such as the fraxicon, for a range of focal configurations. The planar geometry and reconfigurable phasing provide for a range of possible applications from nearfield trapping to imaging and therapeutics.
© 2025 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA.Jamie Whitten National Center for Physical Acoustics, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USAsrostami@olemiss.edu, jmobley@olemiss.edu.
Liquid channel tunable lens for phased-based ultrasonic beamforminga).

Inspiral, Banner Cottage, Cross Keys, Hereford, HR1 3NN.
Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust and The Vulva and Menopause Clinic, 167-169 Great Portland Street, London, W1W 5PF.
Belmont Vets, 94 Belmont Road, Hereford, HR2 7JS.
Benefits of a broad veterinary education.

Traditional research attributes the modulated sidebands of ship radiation line-spectrum signals to reflections off rough ocean surfaces, but the Doppler effect caused by vessel motion may also contribute. This study establishes a micro-Doppler signal model based on wave-induced ship swaying, explaining that this phenomenon arises from the ship oscillatory motion in waves. The sea trial results demonstrate that the peak wave frequency, the frequency of ship micro-motions, and the micro-Doppler characteristic frequency recorded by the beacon exhibit a sudden frequency shift occurring synchronously from 0.075 to 0.115 Hz, thereby verifying the validity of the proposed model.
National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.
National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.Qingdao Innovation and Development Base, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, 266000, Chinawangminhao@hrbeu.edu.cn, zhengcuie@hrbeu.edu.cn, sundajun@hrbeu.edu.cn, xu_jian1999@163.com.
Sonar micro-Doppler effect induced by ship oscillatory motion in waves: Phenomenon, model, and experimentation.

RCVS, The Cursitor, 38 Chancery Lane, London, WC2A 1EN.
RCVS concerns investigation system explained.

This study covers three aspects of acoustic localisation of drones using a microphone array. First, it assesses a grid-free approach, using differential evolution, to estimate the three-dimensional position of a drone. It is found that this is indeed possible for the drone in the near-field. For larger distances, it still provides the angular position of the drone. Second, the study emphasizes the essence of localisation over small frequency bands with the bands jointly spanning a large frequency range to reveal the presence of multiple sound sources and maximise the drone localisation range. Third, it addresses the localisation ranges for six different drones.
Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2629HS, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, Den Helder, 1781AC, The NetherlandsA.Altena@tudelft.nl, M.Snellen@tudelft.nl, S.Luesutthiviboon@tudelft.nl, G.C.H.E.deCroon@tudelft.nl, M.Voskuijl@mindef.nl.
Frequency band analysis and comparison of localisation techniques for drones using microphone array measurements.

bTB control 'too politicised', say farmers.

AMTRA, 1c Windmill Avenue, Woolpit, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP30 9UP.
Survey about role and impact of suitably qualified persons.

University of Surrey, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7AL.
Impact of gene editing on animal welfare.

Treatment failure leading to fatal cases of fasciolosis in Scottish sheep.

Strategy needed to tackle illegal raw meat imports.

Time for a more sustainable and hopeful vision of bovine TB freedom for the UK.

NI steering group kicks off bovine TB reset.

Pulsed power technology has found widespread application in environmental governance, biomedicine, food processing, and other fields. This study proposes a pulse generator using forward topology and magnetic superposition to get high-voltage outputs. This design could adjust the pulse width in a relatively larger range by optimizing the coil structure and turns. The isolated power supply and trigger signal are not needed. The RCD (Resistor-Capacitor-Diode) and the third winding are used to reset the remanence. The third winding magnetic reset will take over the resetting process when the capacitor voltage of RCD is over twice the charging voltage if the magnetic flux to be reset is relatively large. By the combination of these two magnetic reset methods, the ringing of the output could be absorbed, the voltage stress on the switch could be limited to about twice the charging voltage, and the efficiency of the system could be improved. The working principle is analyzed and verified by simulation and experiments. Finally, a 20-stage pulse generator is developed, which could generate the pulse with an amplitude of 10 kV and a pulse width of 2-5 µs. With this design, the voltage and current could be easily improved by adding stages and switches in parallel.
The School of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
The School of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.Taizhou Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Interver Campus of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (Taizhou Cancer Hospital), Taizhou 317502, China.
Taizhou Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Interver Campus of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (Taizhou Cancer Hospital), Taizhou 317502, China.
A hybrid magnetic reset design for the high voltage pulse generator based on forward circuit and magnetic superposition.

Potential arrival of vet professional associates.

Medical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology Group, UKHSA Porton Down, Wiltshire, SP4 0JG.
Update on livestock-associated ticks in England and Wales.

This paper presents the development of a 1.2 MV high-voltage direct current (DC) power supply with an SF6 insulation for an electrostatic tandem proton accelerator utilized in an accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) system. BNCT offers a promising alternative to traditional radiation therapy for the treatment of malignant brain tumors, head and neck cancers, and melanomas. The electrostatic tandem proton accelerator system, designed to produce H- ions and subsequently accelerate them to generate protons, represents a significant advancement in medical technology. Key milestones in the process include generating and maintaining a high-voltage DC power supply of 1.2 MV/45 mA for over 30 min, with rigorously testing conducted up to 750 kV/45 mA in ambient conditions. The system features an upgraded Cockcroft-Walton rectifier stage and incorporates a realistic load resistance, with final testing conducted in a tank filled with SF6 gas. Performance tests conducted in atmospheric and SF6 gas environments demonstrate the stable operation of the power supply up to 1.2 MV/45 mA, despite challenges such as corona discharge and electrical arcing in atmospheric environments. It demonstrates excellent long-term voltage and current stability, proving its suitability for tandem proton accelerators by reliably supplying 54 W of power to the dummy load. The developed system can enhance the effectiveness of BNCT systems by generating high-current proton beams, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, South Korea.
Development of a 1.2 MV high voltage DC power supply with SF6 insulation for an electrostatic tandem proton accelerator in accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy system.

To accurately identify compound faults of bearings, a new noise reduction method is presented. With the new method, input signals and the order of Wiener filtering are adaptively determined according to feature mode decomposition (FMD), signal evaluation index, and Euclidean distance. First, to effectively separate frequency components from vibration signals, vibration signals are decomposed into modal components based on the FMD algorithm; second, kurtosis, root mean square, and variance, which are sensitive to fault information, are selected to build evaluation vectors. Third, the Euclidean distance between the evaluation vectors of the component signal and the original signal are calculated to represent the correlation among signals. By acquiring the two component signals that have the greatest and least correlation to original signals, an actual signal and a mixed signal required by Wiener filtering can be adaptively determined. Furthermore, the order of Wiener filtering is adaptively determined with maximum kurtosis as the criterion. Finally, fault features are extracted through the spectral analysis of signals after Wiener filtering and the type of compound faults is judged based on that. To demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method, the proposed method is compared with the classical method. The result of comparison shows that the presented method can restrict the noise more effectively and determine the type of complex faults of bearings more accurately.
A noise reduction method for rolling bearing based on improved Wiener filtering.

In folk medicine, 'tar' is an essential drug in every situation and is obtained from Pinus nigra Arnold (Pinaceae), which is very common in Anatolia, especially in the Mediterranean Basin. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and determine cytotoxicity effects on the HeLa cell line and L929 cell line of the tar. The analysis of tar by LC-MS/MS revealed ten phenolic compounds: oxalic acid, salicylic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, and 3-hydroxycinnamic acid. Besides, total phenolic content (62.31 ± 0.31 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (3.43 ± 0.0006 mg QE/g) were determined. Cell viability was determined by MTT analysis. Tar has a significant cytotoxicity effect on the HeLa cell line in concentrations 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 µg/mL. IC50 value of tar on HeLa cell was 132.9 µg/mL.
Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Determination of phenolic constituents with LC-MS/MS and cytotoxicity evaluation of 'tar' from Pinus nigra Arnold (Pinaceae).

In the optimization of radioactive waste disposal facility design, it is important to compare multiple facility design options with the aim of reducing the effective dose as low as reasonably achievable. In this study, a methodology for optimizing the facility design using a probabilistic approach was proposed, and two case studies were provided the application of the methodology and interpretation of the dose distributions. This methodology incorporates the time integration of the 95th percentile value and the sum of coefficients of variation extracted from the probability distribution of dose profile over time as the indicators for relative comparison on the optimization. This methodology enables consideration of the dose with uncertainty for the entire long-term assessment period in the optimization. This allows a more multifaceted comparison of options and is expected to improve the ability to explain optimization with the consideration of long-term uncertainty. While various factors including economic, social, and possibly others are relevant to the decision process, this study focuses on the dose estimations as an indicator for optimization. In the case studies, intermediate-depth disposal in Japan, which is one of the disposal systems of low-level radioactive waste, is used as an example and the groundwater release scenario was the focus. The comparison of multiple options in low-diffusivity and low-permeability layers were assumed. These are the important factors in the migration of radioactive nuclides, while other parameters can also be considered in optimization by using the proposed methodology.
Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Health Physics Society.
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba 270-1194 Japan.
Proposed Probabilistic Optimization of Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility Design Considering Long-term Uncertainty.

In the field of youth concussion, the concept of recovery has undergone little critical scrutiny. As a result, little is known about what recovery is (what recovery looks like, what constitutes a good recovery, how youth understand their own recovery).We conducted a critical conceptual review of 15 texts from health and rehabilitation sciences that implicitly or explicitly conceptualized youth concussion recovery.We identified what we have termed a dominant recovery narrative that was re/produced across texts. We have organized this narrative along three intersecting critical analytic threads: recovery as return to normal, a timeline to recovery, a responsibility to recover. We elaborate each thread, demonstrating the ways they converged to represent concussion recovery in reductive terms (i.e., undergirded by ableism and developmentalism), making it difficult to think of recovery, and recovering youth, in any other terms. The authority of the dominant narrative was seldom questioned across texts. However, there were outliers to our synthesis, which offered rare points of resistance and demonstrated how recovery might be oriented otherwise (e.g., as living well with symptoms).This study has important implications for rehabilitation practice and research which are discussed.
School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Canada.Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Physical Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Canada.
The emphasis of youth concussion recovery remains on “cure” and on returning youth to “normal”; this limited view of recovery may influence how youth view themselves as “successful” or not in recoveryImplications for clinical practice include attending to the “recovery work” that youth and their families do to adjust to life after concussion, and making space for the fears and anxieties that might accompany such work.
Representations of youth concussion recovery in health and rehabilitation sciences: a critical conceptual review.

Departamento de Cardiología Pediátrica, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
[Radiological protection in pediatric interventional cardiology in Latin America and the Caribbean: collaboration and challenges in Mexico].

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with difficult to predict clinical outcomes. The S-GRAS score combines clinical and histopathological variables (tumour stage, grade, resection status, age, and symptoms) and showed good prognostic performance for patients with ACC.To improve ACC prognostic classification by applying robust machine learning (ML) models.We developed ML models to enhance outcome prediction using the published S-GRAS dataset (n=942) as the training cohort and an independent dataset (n=152) for validation. Sixteen ML models were constructed based on individual clinical variables. The best performing models were used to develop a web-based tool for individualized risk prediction.Quadratic Discriminant Analysis, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, and AdaBoost Classifier models exhibited the highest performance, predicting 5-year overall mortality (OM), and 1-year, and 3-year disease progression (DP) with F1 scores of 0.79, 0.63, and 0.83 in the training cohort, and 0.72, 0.60, and 0.83 in the validation cohort. Sensitivity and specificity for 5-year OM were at 77% and 77% in the training cohort, and 65% and 81% in the validation cohort, respectively. A web-based tool (https://acc-survival.streamlit.app) was developed for easily applicable and individualized risk prediction of mortality and disease progression.S-GRAS parameters can efficiently predict outcome in patients with ACC, even using a robust ML model approach. Our web app instantly estimates the mortality and disease progression for patients with ACC, representing an accessible tool to drive personalised management decisions in clinical practice.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale Turkey.Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham UK.
Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham UK.Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham UK.
Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham UK.Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham UK.Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham UK.NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham UK.
Institute of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany.
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany.
Department of Metabolism and Systems Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham UK.Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham UK.Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham UK.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025-02-14;():.
Machine learning-based survival prediction tool for adrenocortical carcinoma.

Considering workers in interventional radiology occupationally exposed to relatively higher radiation dose, it is imperative to reasonably and reliably assess the occupational exposure of these workers. This paper presents a method to evaluate the occupational exposure to the interventional radiology workers monitored by using two personal dosimeters, based on data from 115,997 workers collected by the Chinese Registry of Radiation Workers in China during the period 2015-2021. It was observed that only 17.7% (20,572 in 115,997) of interventional radiology staff had a meaningful measurable result. The scatter plot of Hp(10)over-Hp(10)under vs. Hp(10)over was obtained to classify between the proper use group and misuse group. In addition, it was found that the effective dose calculated using the single-dosimeter approach proposed by Martin and Magee was close to those obtained using two other double-dosimeter approaches. Furthermore, the Swiss ordinance algorithm was chosen to assess the occupational exposure as a conservative estimation method. Meanwhile, it was also found that the average annual effective dose in tertiary hospitals is significantly higher than that in secondary hospitals in China (Z = -2.491, p < 0.05/3 = 0.017). Based on these observations, rigorous surveillance, quality control measures, and better workload management are still necessary to correctly evaluate the occupational exposure of interventional radiology staff. Our results are expected to provide a feasible and accurate method for the evaluation of occupational radiation dose to interventional radiology staff wearing two personal dosimeters and contribute to effective prevention and control of radiation health risks.
Copyright © 2025 Health Physics Society.
National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China; Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Study on the Assessment Method of Occupational Radiation Dose to Interventional Radiology Staff Wearing Two Personal Dosimeters in China for the Period 2015-2021.

This study aimed to assess changes in bone microarchitecture, bone formation and bone protein expression in two pediatric patients with Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC), harboring the H223R-PTHR1 mutation.Bone histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry and histologic analyses were conducted on iliac crest biopsy samples from two male siblings affected by JMC (ages 6 and 8 years) and 9 healthy control males of similar age, with normal kidney function.Both JMC patients displayed irregular bone architecture, increased osteoid, and a prolonged osteoid maturation process. While trabecular volume remained normal, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated increased in PTH1R expression in both osteoblasts and fibroblastic cells on the bone surface. Cortical bone displayed areas of intense osteoclast activity and scattered marrow fibrosis. Remarkably, osteocytes in JMC patient samples had osteoid buildup within their lacunae and canaliculi that were both shorter and less abundant. DMP1 immunohistochemistry highlighted the abnormal canalicular network in patients. FGF23 staining in osteocytes was enhanced while sclerostin was diminished.The H223R-PTH1R mutation in JMC patients leads to bone structural irregularities, hypomineralization, abnormal osteocyte morphology, and altered expression of osteocyte-derived proteins. These findings underscore the multifaceted impact of the mutant PTH1R on bone physiology and focus attention on the osteocyte as a cellular target for therapeutic intervention. Whether normalizing gene expression in osteocytes is possible and can improve bone health in JMC patients remains to be seen. Assessment of osteocyte morphology and function may provide novel diagnostic endpoints for future clinical trials with JMC therapeutics.
Pediatric Nephrology, UCLA, Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA.
Center for Molecular Oncology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT.
Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Jansen's disease: bone abnormalities beyond chondrodysplasia.

The rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) varies among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify plasma proteins associated with diverse eGFR trajectories in T2D.We performed latent class mixed models analysis among patients with T2D and relatively preserved kidney function (baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73m2) from SMART2D (n=1285) and DN (n=798) cohorts to identify patterns of eGFR trajectories. Comprehensive proteomic association with eGFR trajectories was assessed using multivariable logistic regression in the SMART2D cohort.Three distinct eGFR trajectories group: slow decline (92.2%), progressive decline (4.0%), and accelerated decline (3.8%) were identified in SMART2D and validated in DN cohort. Participants in the accelerated decline group exhibited the highest risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) (log-rank test, p<0.0001). Among 1448 proteins analysed in the SMART2D cohort, 19 proteins, including KIM-1 (OR=2.95, 95% CI 2.01-4.32; p=2.95x10-8), MMP7 (OR=16.5, 95% CI 5.54-49.07; p=4.61x10-7), and VSIG4 (OR=7.38, 95%CI 3.22-16.89; p=2.24x10-6), were associated with accelerated decline and 1 protein (THBD) (OR=6.34, 95% CI 2.77-14.52; p=1.26x10-5) was associated with progressive decline, independent of traditional cardio-renal risk factors including baseline kidney function. Adding these proteins to clinical risk factors (age, sex, ethnicity, eGFR, uACR, HbA1c, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride) improved AUC to 0.77 (delta 0.04,p=0.057) for progressive decline and 0.93 (delta 0.09,p<0.001) for accelerated decline.Different plasma proteins are associated with progressive and accelerated eGFR decline, independent of traditional cardio-renal risk factors, some of which enhance eGFR trajectory prediction in patients with T2D.
© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com. See the journal About page for additional terms.
Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828.Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828.
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828.Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549.Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232.
Plasma proteins predict kidney function trajectories in type 2 diabetes.

Conversion of CO2 to high value products was considered as a focused issue towards carbon neutrality. Photocatalysis held the potential to realize the target, and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was a competitive candidate. The photocatalytic efficiency of g-C3N4 limited by the weak adsorption of CO2 and easy recombination of charge carriers. Herein, Na ion and cyano defects was induced into g-C3N4 simultaneously using NaHSO3 as alkali molten salt to work out these obstacles. The optimized photocatalyst 3 Na-CN (the weight of NaHSO3 was 1.5 g) exhibited the highest CO yield (21.5 μmol g-1 h-1), which was 5 times than that of pristine g-C3N4 (4.29 μmol g-1 h-1). By means of experiments and characterization, 3 Na-CN displayed better performance in both light utilization and charge separation, which was reflected by the improved photocurrent response, decreased electrochemical impedance, markedly diminished fluorescence intensity, and shortened fluorescence lifetime. This result could be ascribed to the facilitation of electron-hole separation induced by cyano defects, as well as the enhancement in CO2 adsorption and activation mediated by the Na ion. This work offers a new perspective on dual modulation of graphitic carbon nitride and paves the way for the design of CO2 reduction photocatalyst.
© 2025 The Authors. ChemistryOpen published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Technical Center of China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co. Ltd, Nanning, 530001, China.
Technical Center of China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450016, China.
College of Tobacco Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
CO2 Photoreduction Improvement by Carbon Nitride Utilizing the Synergism of Na Ion and Cyano Defects.

Overuse of herbicides poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health; thus, the accurate determination of herbicide residue is very meaningful. Thanks to the advantage of no background fluorescence interference, the upconversion luminescence allows for reliable analysis of target molecules in complicated samples. Here, through screening of 20 natural amino acids, it is discovered that the photooxidation of methionine exhibited the fastest recovery rate of triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) luminescence via oxygen consumption, which is 400-fold faster compared to the well-known photooxidation of oleic acid. Furthermore, oxygen-resistant, small-size, red-to-blue TTA-UC nanoparticles with a record upconversion efficiency (7.2%, normalized to 100%) are prepared using hydrophobic butyl methionine as an oxygen scavenger. Surface negatively charged TTA-UC nanoparticles are able to selectively enrich positively charged paraquat on their surface. Accordingly, a photoinduced electron transfer process occurred between the triplet excited state of the photosensitizer and the electron-deficient paraquat, quenching the upconversion luminescence. Relying on this principle, TTA-UC-based paraquat sensing is achieved with a fast response (less than 1 s), high selectivity, and a low limit of detection (1.54 µg mL-1). Further, the TTA-UC nanoparticles are utilized to implement paraquat analysis in lake water without sample pretreatment.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China.
Amino Acids-Enabled Fast-Restore of Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Luminescence for Background-Free Sensing of Herbicides.

Poor oral health can affect the overall health of the body, which may result in suboptimal performance in sports.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of tooth decay, the prevalence of hygiene and dietary habits, and the influence of the workout session on the selected salivary parameters in youth swimmers.The study involved 40 adolescents, aged 12-15 years (mean age: 13 ±0.5 years), including 30 competitive swimmers and 10 controls. The decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) was assessed. Data on oral hygiene and dietary habits was collected through a questionnaire created by the authors. Salivary samples were collected from all subjects in the morning and in the afternoon, and from swimmers before and after training. The salivary flow rate (V), pH, buffering capacity, and calcium (Ca) level were measured.The DMFT in the group of swimmers was 4.5 ±3.54, which was significantly higher than in the control group (1.6 ±2.59) (p = 0.0007). There were no statistically significant differences in oral hygiene habits between the 2 groups. However, swimmers significantly more often consumed chocolate bars (p = 0.004), energy drinks (p = 0.017) and water (p = 0.002) as compared to the control group. Among the consumed beverages, significantly more sweet carbonated drinks were consumed by swimmers than controls (p = 0.026). After the workout session, both in the morning and in the afternoon, there was a significant decrease in V (p = 0.006 and p = 0.009, respectively) and a significant increase in the Ca level (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) in swimmers. While comparing swimmers before training with the control group in the morning, significantly higher V (p = 0.012) and lower pH (p = 0.003) were observed in swimmers. In the afternoon, significantly lower pH was found in swimmers (p = 0.006).Oral health prevention and promotion should be an important aspect of sports participation, through greater awareness of the impact of oral hygiene and diet on overall health, which can influence sports performance.
Medical Innovation Center, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Occurrence of dental caries, the prevalence of hygiene and dietary habits, and the influence of the workout session on the selected parameters of saliva in youth swimmers.

Non-profit organizations (NpO) are essential in society, particularly in their efforts to empower and integrate those with special needs, such as children with mental disabilities (CWMD). This study seeks to investigate the rationales behind the perception of NpO as a potent instrument for empowering and integrating this specific cohort of persons. The study monitored and extrapolated published intellectual production on NpO's functional functions in delivering services and enabling PWSN using a descriptive-analytical technique. The applied aspect used the mixed approach, which combines quantitative and qualitative approaches using the explanatory sequential design strategy. The research team collected quantitative data and analyzed it first, then qualitative data and analyzed it second. The field study comprised 225 professionals in all fields and 225 PWSN parents from 45 associations and NpO in six Kingdom districts.
Strategy Management, MSC, Strategic Quality Management, University of Ha'il - KSA, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, University of Ha'il - KSA, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, University of Ha'il - KSA, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, University of Ha'il - KSA, Hail, Saudi Arabia.Educational Technology Professor, Suez Canal University, Egypt.
Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology
Rehabilitation Implications - Non-profit organizations frequently offer a variety of programs that cater to the educational, social, emotional, and physical needs of children with mental disabilities. This comprehensive strategy can result in more efficacious rehabilitation outcomes.By promoting community engagement and awareness, non-profit organizations facilitate the integration of children with mental disabilities into society. This integration is essential for diminishing stigma and fostering acceptance, so substantially improving the quality of life for these individuals.Non-profit organizations often act as intermediaries connecting families of children with mental disabilities to vital services, including treatment, counseling, and educational programs. Enhanced access to these materials can promote more effective rehabilitation procedures.Numerous non-profit groups participate in advocacy initiatives to impact public policy concerning mental health and disability rights. Their efforts may result in enhanced financing, legislation, and support structures that further rehabilitation initiatives for children with mental disabilities.
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2025-02-14;():1-12.
Are the non-profit organizations being an effective way to empower and integrate children with special needs.

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the modified Martin procedure for patients with megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS).The authors retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with MMIHS who underwent surgical treatment at their institute between August 2019 and June 2023. The modified Martin procedure and Bishop-Koop procedure were performed for the patients. Data, including demographics, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, complications and clinical outcomes, were collected.A total of 11 children with MMIHS were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the patients was 4.08 ± 1.69 y, and seven cases (63.64%) were male. The average operation time was 312.09 ± 108.88 min, with an average intraoperative blood loss of 25.82 ± 6.42 ml. The first postoperative defecation time was 3.60 ± 0.91 d. Patients took an average of 4.10 ± 0.40 d to resume eating after surgery, and their average length of hospital stay was 24.64 ± 4.52 d. Postoperative follow-up results showed that of the nine surviving children, two patients required intermittent intravenous nutrition support, and seven patients had successfully transitioned from parenteral nutrition support. In this study, two patients eventually died of multiple organ failure.The modified Martin procedure is a promising method for treating MMIHS. The patients exhibited positive nutritional status and satisfactory outcomes during the follow-up period.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. yudonghaitj@126.com.Hubei Clinical Center of Hirschsprung's Disease and Allied Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. yudonghaitj@126.com.
Modified Martin Procedure for Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome (MMIHS).

Some patients who received multiple administrations of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been reported to develop symptoms associated with gadolinium exposure (SAGE). The aim of this study was to analyze pharmacovigilance data and to explore the various SAGE patterns of linear and macrocyclic GBCAs among patients exhibiting 3 or more SAGE symptoms.SAGE were identified from a review of the scientific literature, and the corresponding preferred terms (PTs) were searched in each system organ class recorded in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). To ensure the comparability of data, 3 macrocyclic and 3 linear extracellular GBCAs currently approved for intravenous administration in the United States were considered. Only patients with 3 or more SAGE symptoms were included. SAGE weights, representing the percentage of SAGE symptoms among all adverse events collected over a 6-year period from 2014 to 2019, were calculated for each GBCA. The frequency of these symptoms to occur in sets of 3 PT combinations was also analyzed. The 3 PT combinations were calculated by first selecting the PT with the highest occurrence for a GBCA and then combining it with all the PTs accounting for 5% or more of the total adverse events reported for the respective GBCA. This led to identify the most prevalent 3 PT combinations per GBCA. Moreover, in order to determine whether or not SAGE symptoms were specific to GBCAs, data for 4 water-soluble iodinated contrast media were also extracted from the FAERS database over the same period, using the SAGE list of symptoms as reference.The analysis of FAERS data revealed a significantly higher SAGE weight for the linear GBCAs (20%-24%) than for the macrocyclic GBCAs (5%-9%). For the linear agents, the most prevalent 3 PT combinations of SAGE symptoms were reported in 152-164 occurrences, whereas for the macrocyclic agents, this range was significantly lower (1-13 occurrences). Moreover, all these agents could be categorized in 3 groups with different patterns of 3 PT combinations (ie, [gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine], [gadobenate dimeglumine and gadoteridol], and [gadoterate dimeglumine and gadobutrol]). The most prevalent PTs were found to be pain, arthralgia, and headache in each group, respectively.The global SAGE weights were significantly lower for the macrocyclic GBCAs as compared with the linear GBCAs. Moreover, the frequency of occurrence of 3 PT combinations was notably lower with the macrocyclic agents and comparable to the iodinated contrast media, indicating that SAGE may be negligible for this class of GBCAs. Different patterns of 3 PT combinations were also observed among the GBCAs involved in this study. A causal relationship could not be established between SAGE and the corresponding GBCAs, therefore, further research on this topic and routine pharmacovigilance are warranted.
Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
From the Vigilance and Medical Information Department, Guerbet, Roissy CDG Cedex, France.
Symptoms Associated With Gadolinium Exposure: Different Patterns and Rates Between Linear and Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents.

Cervical cancer is closely linked to high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections which could crosstalk with the diversity of microorganisms within the cervicovaginal microbiota (CVM). Conventional treatments can disrupt the host microbial communities, which in turn affect the efficacy and side effects of these interventions, potentially jeopardizing the lives and health of patients. Therefore, there is a need to develop new approaches for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, and probiotics have shown significant potential as effective agents against cervical cancer. Studies have demonstrated that probiotics induce anticancer action by inducing apoptosis in tumor cells, inhibiting metastasis, reducing inflammation, enhancing immune functions, and modifying the effect of chemo/radiation therapy. Recent reports showed that probiotics had the ability to restore the CVM, clear HPV infections in cervical epithelial cells, and modulate immune responses. Despite these promising findings, the efficacy and safety of probiotic formulations require further validation through comprehensive research. This review focused on elucidating the mechanism behind the anticancer action and the importance of addressing the challenges associated with the clinical application of probiotics to realize their full potential as a novel and complementary approach in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, School of Maternity and Children's Clinical Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ren-He Hospital, Affiliated of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443001, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ren-He Hospital, Affiliated of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443001, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ren-He Hospital, Affiliated of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443001, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China. zyjzyq@163.com.The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China. zyjzyq@163.com.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Ren-He Hospital, Affiliated of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443001, China. 3642365175@qq.com.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025-02-14;():.
Probiotics: A New Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cervical Cancer.

Workplace training gaps for new technicians and staff throughout the veterinary medical education community leave many feeling unsupported and result in challenges with retention, satisfaction, and confidence. Three registered veterinary lead technicians [VLT] teamed up with an instructional developer to design, develop, and implement a blended learning training to meet these needs. Strategies involved a blend of instructional tools, including a learning management system (Moodle) and corresponding workbooks all tied together through use of the instructional design model, ADDIE. The ADDIE Model is an instructional design process widely utilized in multiple fields to develop effective learning content: A = Analyze, D = Design, D = Develop, I = Implement, E = Evaluation. Preliminary data indicate positive outcomes for both trainees and VLTs while we wait on long-term retention tracking.
North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine. Raleigh, NC 27609.
Medaille University in Buffalo, NY. Wendell, NC, 27591.
Murray State College in Tishomingo, OK. Clayton, NC, 27520.
Development of a Workplace Training for Veterinary Hospital Technicians and Assistants Following the ADDIE Model.

Shelter medicine is a veterinary specialty that intersects with primary care, community practice, and animal welfare. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability of formal (for-credit) education in shelter medicine at American Veterinary Medical Association-accredited colleges of veterinary medicine (CVMs). A 24-question survey, available from July to September 2023, was distributed to targeted faculty members at each CVM. A total of 43 of 54 colleges responded (80%). Formal education in shelter medicine was offered by 38 (88%) institutions. The median shelter medicine program starting year was 2012 (interquartile range [IQR] 2007-2017) and program duration was a median of 12 years (IQR 6-16). The median number of Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges competency domains addressed through shelter medicine program instruction in colleges with formal shelter medicine education was 7/9 (IQR 4-8); the mode was 9/9. Responding institutions employed 118 shelter medicine faculty and instructors with a median of two shelter medicine faculty members (IQR 2-4) employed per college. In total, 30 instructors were adjuncts (25%), and only 6 of 118 (5%) were tenured. Nine of the 43 CVMs (21%) indicated that the shelter medicine program had been discontinued at some point. Lack of faculty (5/9; 56%) was the most commonly stated reason, followed by lack of a relationship with a shelter (4/9; 44%). Program instability may also be related to factors unique to shelter medicine programs, including increased faculty effort required to secure and maintain funding and community partnerships, competing demands of funders and program stakeholders, and a low proportion of tenured, boarded and permanent faculty.
Shelter Veterinary Care Consulting LLC, 841 Worcester St, Ste E-114, Natick, MA USA.
Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, 930 Campus Road, Ithaca, NY 14853.
University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996.
19555 North 59th Avenue Midwestern University College of Veterinary Medicine, Glendale, AZ USA.
Shelter Medicine Programs Support Multiple AAVMC Competency Domains: A Survey of Shelter Medicine Programming at AVMA-Accredited Colleges.

Abteilung für Urologie, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Rübenkamp 220, 22307, Hamburg, Deutschland. an.gross@asklepios.com.
Schweizer Paraplegiker-Zentrum, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 1, 6207, Nottwil, Schweiz. juergen.pannek@paraplegie.ch.
[Large ship or dinghy-it does not matter; neurourology is part of the urological fleet].

This study aims to systematically estimate the global prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB), identify demographic and regional factors contributing to prevalence variations, and assess trends in prevalence over the past two decades.This cross-sectional study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline. From inception to April 2024, computerized searches for OAB prevalence-related literature were conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Studies of OAB prevalence in the general population were included. Two independent researchers conducted the screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies.A total of 53 studies, encompassing 610,438 participants, were ultimately included in the analysis. The meta-analysis determined the global prevalence of OAB to be 20% (95% CI 0.18-0.21). Over the past 20 years, there has been an increase in OAB prevalence, rising from 18.1% (95% CI 0.13-0.23) to 23.9% (95% CI 0.19-0.29). Among women, the prevalence of OAB was 21.9% (95% CI 0.20-0.24), indicating higher rates compared to men (OR = 16.1, 95% CI 0.15-0.18). The study also found higher prevalence rates among overweight and obese individuals (OR = 18.6, 95% CI 0.13-0.24) and those aged 60 years and above (OR = 28.3, 95% CI 0.24-0.33). Middle-income countries exhibited higher prevalence rates compared to high-income countries.The study highlights higher risks of OAB among obese individuals, women, and the elderly. OAB prevalence has shown an increasing trend over the past 20 years.
Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China.
Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. wwwcnwxx6688@163.com.
Global Prevalence of Overactive Bladder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This study aims to explore the research hotspots and future research trends of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in pain over the past two decades, with the objective of gaining insight into the development direction and focus of this field. A total of 791 articles were included in this study by searching the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. To enhance research quality and accuracy, keywords with similar meanings were combined to eliminate ambiguity. Data visualization analysis was conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer, encompassing the examination of countries, research institutions, authors, journals, keywords, references, and categories. Over the past 20 years, 791 scientific articles on TRPV4 and pain have been reviewed, originating from 52 countries, involving 885 research units, 4121 authors, and published in 332 journals. The United States, China, and Japan emerged as core contributors in this field. Prominent research institutions include Duke University (United States) and the University of California, San Francisco (United States). The most prolific researchers include Liedtke, Wolfgang (United States), Bunnett, Nigel W. (United States), and Yue, Shou-wei (China). Research on TRPV4 and pain predominantly focuses on the molecular mechanisms, role of pain models, drug development, and clinical applications, aimed at advancing pain treatment. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on TRPV4 and pain over the past two decades, offering researchers and scholars fresh insights into the field's development trends and future directions.
Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing, China.Engineering Research Center of Sports Trauma Treatment Technology and Devices, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University,, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China. 1179892653@qq.com.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University,, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China. huangran_1234@163.com.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Naval Medical University,, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China. fangfanfu@126.com.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025-02-14;():.
Research progress of TRPV4 in pain over the past 20 years: a bibliometric analysis.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly potent broad-spectrum anticancer drug, but it has severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of febuxostat (FBX), a specific inhibitor of xanthine oxidase and antioxidant, in blocking hepatotoxicity associated with DOX in rats. Rats were treated with FBX (10 or 15 mg/kg/day orally for 2 weeks) and given DOX (15 mg/kg as single dose at the 7th day, intraperitoneal) to induce hepatotoxicity. The results indicated that FBX could reduce the pathological alterations of liver tissues induced by DOX and ameliorate the inappropriate changes in liver function biomarkers (AST, ALT, and ALP) in serum, oxidative stress parameters (catalase, superoxide dismutase, NOX1, NQO-1, HO-1, Keap-1, and Nrf2) and inflammatory markers in the liver (NF-κB p65, TNF-α, NLRP3). Additionally, FBX attenuated the p53, BAX, cytochrome C, caspase-9, and caspase-3 levels to restrain cell apoptosis. In addition, FBX therapy was found to increase protein levels of SIRT-1 and AMPK in the liver. These findings demonstrate that FBX can reduce the hepatotoxicity caused by DOX in rats through mechanisms that counteract oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, 12566, Egypt.
Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt.Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madina, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt.
Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Ataka, Egypt.
Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt. aalzokaky@horus.edu.eg.Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt. aalzokaky@horus.edu.eg.
Febuxostat protects from Doxorubicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats via regulation of NF-κB p65/NLRP3 inflammasome and SIRT-1/AMPK pathways.

Information on biosimilars was rarely disseminated on the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) website of the Japanese Regulatory Agency until the fiscal year (FY) 2022. Therefore, the PMDA website for biosimilars was created in FY 2023. This study confirmed the PMDA website for biosimilars and surveyed information about the approval fiscal year, brand name, indications at the initial approval, type of biopharmaceuticals, and disease area at the initial approval based on review reports and the List of Approved Products. The PMDA website for biosimilars provides information on the definition of biosimilar, approved biosimilar products, related guidelines and notifications, learning videos, presentation material, and publication articles. As of March 2024, 35 biosimilars were approved in Japan based on the following 18 active pharmaceutical ingredients: somatropin, epoetin-alfa, filgrastim, infliximab, insulin glargine, rituximab, etanercept, trastuzumab, agalsidase beta, bevacizumab, teriparatide, darbepoetin-alfa, insulin lispro, adalimumab, insulin aspart, ranibizumab, pegfilgrastim, and ustekinumab. The disease area comprised nine patterns: rheumatology, oncology, hematology, gastroenterology, dermatology, endocrinology, ophthalmology, bone, and inborn errors represented in numbers and percentages for each pattern: 12 (23.1%), 9 (17.3%), 8 (15.4%), 7 (13.5%), 7 (13.5%), 5 (9.6%), 2 (3.8%), 1 (1.9%), and 1 (1.9%), respectively. This website provides various information regarding biosimilars in Japan. It will be more important to effort the understanding and education for the healthcare providers and patients on biosimilar regulations. Moreover, information should be disseminated through the PMDA website of biosimilars to accelerate and ensure transparency regarding regulatory approvals and biosimilar regulations.
Office of Cellular and Tissue-based Products, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, 3-3-2, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100-0013, Japan. kuribayashi-ryosuke@pmda.go.jp.Office of Regulatory Science Research, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, 3-3-2, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100-0013, Japan. kuribayashi-ryosuke@pmda.go.jp.
Office of Cellular and Tissue-based Products, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, 3-3-2, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100-0013, Japan.
Efforts of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency of Japanese regulatory agency in supporting biosimilar development and disseminate information.

This case-control study looked at a total of 104 university students, 51 individuals with obesity, and 53 individuals as controls. Biochemical measurements by the colorimetric method include zinc and copper. Genetic analysis by the tetra primers ARMS-PCR was used for genotyping the rs180113 SNP in the MTHFR gene.Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the non-obese group (145.1 ± 24.89 ug/dl vs. 114.8 ± 29.44 ug/dl, p = 0.0133), while copper levels showed no significant difference. Genotyping revealed the rs1801133 polymorphism in the MTHFR gene is significantly associated with obesity, with the A allele more frequent in obese individuals (39.6% vs. 14.5%, p < 0.05).Zn and rs1801133 are associated with obesity, the A allele of rs1801133 SNP and the significant associations observed in different genetic models highlight the potential of this polymorphism as a genetic marker for obesity risk.
Medical Laboratory Department, Kufa Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Medical Laboratory Department, Kufa Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq.
Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.
Genetic variability of the MTHFR rs1801133 gene polymorphism and role of zinc level in obese patients.

The Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
The Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA. saakshi.khattri@mountsinai.org.
Jak inhibitor intraclass switch in Alopecia Areata patients: a retrospective review of cases at an academic center.

Lower education is a risk factor for alcohol-related deaths, but it is unknown if the impact of education varies by race/ethnicity. We evaluated the interaction between education and race/ethnicity on the odds of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the significance of employment and poverty as potential mediators.The 2016-19 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was used to obtain weighted prevalence of AUD in participants 26+ years. Using AUD as the outcome, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, stratified by four levels of education, ranging from less than high school (<HS) to 4-year college+ (4C); odds ratios (ORs) for each race/ethnicity were compared across models for interaction. The second model included employment and poverty as co-variates; changes in ORs were calculated to assess for >|10%| change implying significant mediating or confounding effect.AUD prevalence was highest among American Indian/Native Alaskans (AI/ANs) (8.06%), and similar among non-Hispanic Whites (5.37%) and Blacks (5.09%). When stratified by education, the odds of AUD among Blacks and AI/ANs increased with decreasing education [(OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07-1.96) for Blacks v. Whites with <HS, compared to 0.55 (0.46-0.67) for Blacks v. Whites with 4C; 2.55 (1.53-4.24) for AI/ANs v. Whites with <HS v. 1.01 (0.45-2.28) for AI/ANs v. Whites with 4C). Including employment and poverty resulted in <|10%| change in ORs.Lower education significantly increased the odds of AUD among Blacks and AI/ANs. Employment and poverty did not significantly change the association, implying there are likely other mechanisms accounting for racial/ethnic disparities in AUD.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine.Department of General Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine.
Lower Educational Attainment Widens Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alcohol Use Disorder.

Prevalence of Impostor Phenomenon in Graduate Healthcare Students.

From the School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.
From the School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.Institute of Pediatric Cardiology.
From the School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit.
From the School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
A Child With a Pericardial Mass and Effusion: A Unique Presentation of a Rare Disease.

Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. Scheinkman@med.miami.edu.
Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Analyzing the ingredients, SPF, and cost of purported reef safe sunscreens from multiple retailers.

Servicio de Parasitología y Chagas, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP) CONICET-GCBA, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Servicio de Parasitología y Chagas, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida (INBIRS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP) CONICET-GCBA, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Molecular Characterization of Treponema pallidum pallidum in an Adolescent With Syphilitic Hepatitis.

Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Pathology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.School of Medicine, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Cutaneous Mycobacterium llatzerense Infection in an Immunocompetent Child.

Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) include depressive and anxiety disorders during pregnancy or postpartum and can have significant consequences for the parent, child, and family. When severe, these conditions can lead to suicide. Despite numerous policy efforts to improve screening, education, and referral structures, disparities in PMAD diagnosis and treatment still exists, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities. Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) has been shown to improve the efficiency of screening by significantly reducing test length. This study evaluates whether applying CAT to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) maintains diagnostic accuracy while ensuring these methods do not exacerbate racial disparities in PMAD screening outcomes.Using real data simulation, we assessed three CAT-based short-form versions of the EPDS, derived from one-, two-, and three-factor item response theory models. We evaluated their diagnostic precision and examined potential racial disparities in false negative rates compared to the full-length EPDS.We demonstrate that estimated scores from three short versions of the EPDS administered through CAT-assuming one, two, and three-factor item response theory models-are more highly correlated with the full-length EPDS measure traditionally used to make clinical decisions (r's between 0.96 and 0.97) than the major depressive disorder subtest (CAT-MDD) from CAT-Mental Health (CAT-MH®) (r =.82), as previously reported. Importantly, the false negative rates of the CAT-implied diagnoses did not significantly vary between racial groups, indicating no evidence of racial bias in diagnostic accuracy.The CAT-based versions of the EPDS offers a promising solution for improving the efficiency of PMAD screening without sacrificing diagnostic precision or exacerbating racial groups. By reducing evaluation time, these tools could facilitate more widespread and equitable screening, enabling earlier diagnosis and treatment of PMADs across diverse populations.
Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Emily.Wong@cshs.org.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
• Short versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) tool, if administered through computer adaptive testing (CAT), provide very close approximations of the full scale but may miss a small portion of patients who otherwise would have screened positive.• The CAT versions of the EPDS provide a closer approximation of the standard screening tool for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMAD) than the CAT-Mental Health (CAT-MH®).• We recommend screening for suicidal ideation after the CAT-administered EPDS for all patients to minimize the number of missed diagnoses.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2025-02-14;():.
Computer adaptive testing strategies for the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).

Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.
Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.
School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Department of Dermatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China. drdouxia@163.com.Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China. drdouxia@163.com.Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Dermatology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China. drdouxia@163.com.
Clinical characteristics of atopic dermatitis in Chinese adult patients.

Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 339 Eddy St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 339 Eddy St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 339 Eddy St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. eunyoung_cho@brown.edu.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. eunyoung_cho@brown.edu.Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. eunyoung_cho@brown.edu.
Association of serum vitamin D levels and psoriasis severity: an analysis of the US National health and nutrition examination survey.

Department of Andrology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Urology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No.75, Jinxiu Road, Wenzhou, China. bincheng591@gmail.com.
Optimizing AI-assisted communication in urology: potential and challenges.

Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, USA.
Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, 500 S Preston St, Rm 1422, Louisville, KY, USA. john.wise@louisville.edu.

Correction: Carcinogenic Mechanisms of Hexavalent Chromium: from DNA Breaks to Chromosome Instability and Neoplastic Transformation.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited renal disorder, primarily caused by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2. Genetic testing is valuable for the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical management of ADPKD. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques can overcome the limitations of traditional Sanger sequencing for the genetic diagnosis of ADPKD. This study included 18 Iranian ADPKD families. Long-range PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to analyze PKD1 and PKD2. Subsequently, NGS-based gene panel testing and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were also performed in selected families. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were identified in 13/18 families (72.2%), including 9 in PKD1 and 4 in PKD2. Five novel variants were discovered (c.10016C > A, c.2096_2097 + 4del, c.12138 + 5G > C in PKD1; c.2359-8_2373del, c.180_181delGC in PKD2). Additionally, WES revealed a pathogenic PKD1 frameshift deletion (c.11376delG) in one genetically unresolved family, likely missed by initial Sanger sequencing due to allelic dropout. This study expands the mutational spectrum of PKD1/PKD2 with five novel variants. The findings demonstrate the advantages of NGS over conventional Sanger sequencing methods. The genetically unresolved cases suggest the potential involvement of variants within non-coding regions, large copy number variations, or novel genes in ADPKD pathogenesis. Whole-genome sequencing is warranted to investigate these unresolved cases further.
© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences.
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Pishgam Biotech Company, Tehran, Iran.
Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. m.entezam@gmail.com.
Genetic analysis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Iranian families: a combined Sanger and next-generation sequencing study.
In this review, we holistically consider healthcare as an ecosystem that includes forensic pathology and legal medicine and probe why these areas have largely ignored the use of Metaverse. This effort is directed at understanding the potential impact of virtual worlds on these areas and ultimately asks if forensic sciences are missing an opportunity or multiple opportunities. We reviewed the scientific literature to identify clinical trials and observational or other study types using PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane, including terms related to the Metaverse and healthcare, with a screen of 1,200 relevant articles. Applications were from future clinical applications, training, treatment, prediction/prevention, and diagnosis, focusing on finding blanks in forensic and legal medicine. The study carried out in-depth research with the Metaverse regarding all areas of medicine. Despite this, significant forensic pathology or legal medicine research has yet to be identified. The gap may implicate a critical oversight in forensic areas, specifically autopsies, crime scene investigation, and field reconstruction of legal cases that could benefit from implementing virtual simulations. In this regard, incorporating virtual environments in these areas can provide new training tools, case scenarios, and even a revision mechanism for cold cases, leading to an essential trend in the evolution of legal medicine.
Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari, piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari, piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy. gianmarco.sirago@uniba.it.
Forensic science, medicine, and pathology
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2025-02-14;():.
An overview of Metaverse in healthcare. Potential application in forensic and legal medicine.
The change of land use from natural lands to built-up areas is one of the key reasons for the urban heat island (UHI) effect, because of absorbance and storing of heat energy. Roads and streets cover a significant fraction of the urban fabric and are continuously exposed to solar radiation. This study examines the impact of pavement surface temperature on urban air temperature. Measurements were made across the Bhubaneswar city to capture the temperature and relative humidity along the major arterial roads. The study quantified the UHI effect and evaluated the benefits of cool pavements in reducing air temperature and improving energy efficiency. The study reveals a strong relation between pavement surface temperature and near-surface air temperature. It was found that up to 1.5 m above the pavement surface, the impact of pavement surface temperature on the air temperature is substantial. On a particularly hot summer day, the air temperature just above the pavement surface and at 1.5 m above the surface was observed to be higher than the surrounding ambient air temperature by up to 7.4 °C and 2 °C, respectively. Based on the measurements taken during this limited period, the peak UHI intensity in Bhubaneswar city was found to be ~ 1.9 °C, which is high, if the current developments of the city are taken into consideration. This study also indicates that significant economic and environmental benefits can be achieved with the adoption of cool pavement technologies.
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Karnataka, India. abr@nitk.edu.in.
School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
School of Mechanical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Environmental science and pollution research international
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025-02-14;():.
Economic and environmental benefits of cool pavements: a case study of Bhubaneswar city.
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA. fordham@amc.edu.
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
The Beta-Blocker Dilemma: Revisiting Their Role in Cardiovascular Disease.
Selenium deficiency is strongly associated with Keshan disease (KD). It is essential to investigate serum selenium levels from the perspective of etiological surveillance and evaluation of the populations at-risk. This research aims to identify areas at high risk of selenium deficiency using spatial epidemiological methods and to provide a scientific basis for targeted selenium supplementation. This cross-sectional study measured serum selenium levels using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer among 6,643 residents in KD endemic and non-endemic counties across China, applying spatial epidemiological methods, including global autocorrelation and local Moran's I analysis, to identify spatial clustering. Additionally, ordinary least squares regression was used to assess the correlation between serum selenium levels and per capita disposable income. The median serum selenium level among participants was 66.69 μg/L. Serum selenium levels of residents in KD endemic areas were significantly lower than those in non-endemic areas. A total of 72 counties were classified as selenium-deficient, 638 as selenium-marginal, and 967 as selenium-sufficient. Spatial clustering analysis identified 375 clusters of low selenium levels. Regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum selenium levels and per capita disposable income. The geographical distribution of serum selenium levels exhibits significant spatial clustering. The low-low clustering areas in provinces such as Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan should be prioritized for selenium nutrition interventions and surveillance. Furthermore, areas with low incomes may need enhanced strategies for selenium supplementation.
Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.NHC Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.Joint Key Laboratory of Endemic Diseases, Harbin Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Harbin, 150081, China.
Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, 330000, China.
Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. 202001070@hrbmu.edu.cn.School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar , Heilongjiang, 161003, China. 202001070@hrbmu.edu.cn.
Department of Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China. liqi@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.
Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. wangtong@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.NHC Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China. wangtong@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.Joint Key Laboratory of Endemic Diseases, Harbin Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Harbin, 150081, China. wangtong@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.
Spatial Clusters of Low Serum Selenium: the Priorities of Selenium Supplementation to Residents of Keshan Disease Endemic Areas.
The scene of events involving incinerated victims presents significant challenges for forensic teams. Dental evidence has been reported as highly valuable to the identification process. However, given its commingling with debris and its fragility in these contexts, the participation of a forensic odontologist (FO) at the scene has been recommended to enhance the identification, recovery, conservation, and transport of this evidence. We present a scoping review of case reports in which the FOs have actively participated at the scene, facilitating or enhancing the identification of human remains in these contexts. The leadership of Norway and Australia has demonstrated that the inclusion of FOs has been deemed crucial to prevent the loss of dental evidence in this type of scene; however, it is essential that FOs possess the appropriate training and preparation for these tasks. The implementation of appropriate protocols, including wrapping and protection of the victim's head and the utilization of stabilization agents for the remains to ensure protected transport to the mortuary, has also been recommended. Nevertheless, these best practices do not appear to be widespread and are likely dependent on circumstances specific to each country; therefore, it has been suggested, at minimum, that first responders should be trained in these skills.
School of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Crime Scene Investigation, Botswana Police Service, Gaborone, Botswana.
Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. gabriel.fonseca@ufrontera.cl.Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, 4780000, Chile. gabriel.fonseca@ufrontera.cl.
Forensic odontology in the search of dental evidence at the scene of events with incinerated victims: a scoping review.
Mentha piperita L. commonly known as peppermint, is valued for its essential oil, which is rich in menthol and has various applications. However, challenges such as low oil yield and poor oil quality have limited the potential of peppermint cultivation. This study aimed to develop a noble mutant of Mentha piperita that complements US-type peppermint oil, characterized by higher oil yield and improved oil quality, specifically targeting a menthol content of 36-46% and less than 5% menthofuran. Induced mutagenesis was achieved through gamma radiation, with seeds from a menthofuran-rich variety CIM-Indus of Mentha piperita subjected to varying doses (10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy, 40 Gy, 50 Gy, 70 Gy, 90 Gy, and 110 Gy). A broad range of diversity was observed among the resulting mutant lines, leading to the selection of improved lines. Notably, CIM-I452 exhibited the highest oil yield along with substantial herb yield, followed by CIM-I332 and CIM-I324. Lines CIM-I43, CIM-I44, CIM-I451, CIM-I32, CIM-I34, CIM-I332, and CIM-I452 were identified as menthol-rich, while CIM-I311 and CIM-I431 were menthofuran-rich. Additionally, CIM-I322 and CIM-I331 were recognized as limonene-rich lines. Because of the high menthol content and low amount of menthofuran, the mutant lines CIM-I452, CIM-I332, and CIM-I324 showed widely acceptance peppermint oil quality. These selected mutant lines exhibit promising mutant lines that may be utilised as parent lines for upcoming recombinant breeding or hybridization initiatives.
Seed Quality Lab, Plant Breeding & Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India.Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
Seed Quality Lab, Plant Breeding & Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India.Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
Seed Quality Lab, Plant Breeding & Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.Analytical Chemistry Facility, Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India.
Seed Quality Lab, Plant Breeding & Genetic Resource Conservation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226015, India. b.kumar@cimap.res.in.Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. b.kumar@cimap.res.in.
Unlocking the Yield & Quality Potential of Peppermint (M. piperita L.) for the Study of Genetic Variability Through Induced Mutagenesis.
Autism has been associated with differences in functional brain network organization. However, the exact nature of these differences across development compared to non-autistic individuals and their relationship to autism-related social cognition, remains unclear. This study first aimed to identify EEG resting-state network characteristics in autistic versus non-autistic children, adolescents, and adults. Second, we investigated associations with social cognition measures. Analyzing resting-state EEG data from the EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project, we compared network metrics (global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and small-worldness) between 344 autistic and non-autistic individuals within and across age groups in four frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, and beta). If significant, we explored their relationships to measures of empathy (empathy quotient), complex emotion recognition [reading the mind in the eyes task (RMET)], and theory of mind (animated shapes task). Compared to their non-autistic peers, autistic adolescents showed lower alpha global efficiency, while autistic adults showed lower alpha clustering and small-worldness. No network differences were observed among children. In adolescents, higher long-range integration was tentatively associated with higher RMET scores; in those with high autistic traits, higher long-range integration related to fewer parent-reported empathic behaviors. No brain-behavior relationships were observed in adults. Our findings suggest subtle differences in network topology between autistic and non-autistic individuals, with less efficient long-range efficiency during adolescence, and less local and overall network efficiency in adulthood. Furthermore, long-range integration may play a role in complex emotion recognition and empathy difficulties associated with autism in adolescence.
Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Lübeckweg 2, 9723 HE, Groningen, The Netherlands. e.de.jonge@umcg.nl.
Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Lübeckweg 2, 9723 HE, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, 32 Torrington Square, London, WC1E 7JL, UK.
Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, Autism Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Douglas House, 18B Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, UK.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, SE10 9LS, England.
Centre for Brain & Cognitive Development, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, England.Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, England.
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
Deptartment of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital-Mental Health Services CPH, Glostrup, Denmark.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition & Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands.Karakter Child & Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands.
Atypical Resting-State EEG Graph Metrics of Network Efficiency Across Development in Autism and Their Association with Social Cognition: Results from the LEAP Study.
Hangzhou Dianzi University, Zhejiang, 310018, China. yuzekai@hdu.edu.cn.
Commentary on Emergency Medical Access Control System Based on Public Blockchain .
Many plant-derived compounds, mostly of mid-to-high molecular weight, exert alexiteric properties. However, some small phenolic molecules, such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, are also known to be alexiteric by their ability to bind to snake venom proteins. This study presents the in vitro alexiteric activity of 2-isopropenyl-3-methylphenol [carquejiphenol, CARP; a minor compound of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC. essential oil, BtEO] against Bothrops diporus Cope snake venom through the evaluation of proteolysis inhibition, haemolysis and coagulation and alteration of the venom proteins bands followed by SDS-PAGE. Additional CARP derivatives (ortho-menthane monoterpenes), including carquejol and carquejone, as well as BtEO and non-volatile extracts from B. trimera were included to have a broader picture of the alexiteric bioactivity. Notably, carquejone was the more active among all the tested samples. A basic structure-activity comparison with commercial standards revealed that the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety is essential for the bioactivity.
Espacio de Ciencia y Tecnología Química (ECTQ), CENUR Noreste, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó, Uruguay.Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Aromas (LaBiotA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Laboratorio de Productos Naturales A.I. Ricciardi, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina.
Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.
Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Aromas (LaBiotA), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
In vitro alexiteric activity of irregular monoterpenes derived from ortho-menthane against Bothrops diporus Cope (Serpentes: Viperidae) venom.
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Trusting Health Care Systems to Use Artificial Intelligence.
Anatomy is a central pillar of veterinary education, and it is an ongoing goal to optimize teaching methods so that students are well-prepared for their future practice. In the present study, we investigated whether plastinated prosections could serve as valuable supplementary learning tools during organized dissection courses and for self-studies. To enable independent student use, we also created nomenclature charts describing the anatomical structures on the prosections. Our study involved 89 veterinary students in their third semester of veterinary education, studying organ-based anatomy. The teaching intervention took place during four dissection classes, where all students dissected formalin-fixed dog cadavers, and where half of the students had access to additional in-house plastinated prosections with associated nomenclature charts, while the remaining students did not. After each dissection class, the students were given an immediate knowledge test and were asked about their perceived learning benefits. Subsequently, the plastinated prosections and nomenclature charts were available for all students for self-study for exam preparation, in addition to digital access to the nomenclature charts. Our results showed that the students frequently used the learning supplements and expressed high satisfaction with the plastinated prosections and the nomenclature charts but did not perform significantly better on the knowledge tests. A postexam survey revealed that the plastinated prosections and nomenclature charts were among the top three most frequently used learning resources for the exam. In conclusion, plastinated prosections and associated nomenclature charts are valuable learning supplements in veterinary anatomy education, both during organized dissection courses and for self-studies.
Department of Teacher Education and Educational Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Akershus, Norway.
Unit of Anatomy, Institute of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Akershus, Norway.
Unit of Bioinformatics and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Akershus, Norway.
Plastinated Prosections and Nomenclature Charts Are Valuable Supplementary Learning Resources for Veterinary Anatomy Students in Dissection Classes and for Self-Study.
Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Exploring the Deleterious Biologic Association of Stress With Cancer Disparities in Black Women.
Harvard Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
Vestibular Rehabilitation in the Emergency Department-the Baby and the Bathwater.
Department of Research and Evaluation, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California.
Using Large-Population Data Sources in Neonatal Studies.
Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
Coca-Cola bottle sign in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, A. Syggros Hospital for Skin and Venereal Diseases, Athens, Greece.
Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes type VII (TMVII): an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen.
Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis.
Health Economics Program, Minnesota Department of Health, St Paul.
This Viewpoint discusses the need for visibility into results of the federal 340B Drug Pricing Program and reviews first data from Minnesota.
Minnesota Law Brings Transparency to the 340B Drug Pricing Program.
To describe patients who underwent a temporal artery biopsy (TAB) for suspected Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) but were given a different diagnosis. We focused on a subset of alternate diagnoses mimicking GCA with ominous consequences of a delayed diagnosis or undue glucocorticoid treatment.This was a single-center retrospective study. All patients (n = 579) underwent a TAB for initially suspected GCA and were recruited from 2005 to 2023. Four groups were defined: GCA with a positive TAB (n = 248); GCA with a negative TAB (n = 135); rapid alternative diagnoses without ominous consequences (usual mimics, n = 177); and alternative diagnoses with severe consequences (ominous mimics, n = 19).Of the 19 ominous mimics (10% of all mimics), 9 had major diagnostic delays leading to severe outcomes and 12 patients suffered severe side effects from glucocorticoid treatment. The ominous mimics had higher ACR/EULAR 2022 scores than the usual mimics (6.9 vs 4.5), but they had scores similar to those with GCA and a negative TAB. The mean time to an alternative diagnosis was 66 days for the ominous mimics, and the average diagnostic delay of 145 days was much longer than that in the other groups, with a high mortality rate of 68%.Misdiagnosing GCA have severe consequences in a few patients. Classification criteria often fail to differentiate mimics from true GCA. Clinician vigilance, histology proof, and imaging tools are critical for ruling out GCA and should be used more widely. Reducing diagnostic delay is essential for improving patient survival in severe mimics cases.
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Internal Medicine department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France.
Giant cell arteritis mimics with severe consequences: a long-term monocentric inception cohort.